Transcript spelling

chomp!
chomp!
This presentation is
brought to you by
Grammar Bytes!,
©2015 by Robin L.
Simmons.
Spelling
I before E?
Or is it E
before I?
This presentation
covers commonly
misspelled
words and
knowledge of
spelling rules—
all of which,
unfortunately, have
exceptions!
Spelling items on an
objective test might look
like these ...
Sample Item 1
Because we were hungry,
hungary, we
hungary,
we
wecould
could
couldnot
not
not
AA
concentrate on the lecture. We will definitely
definitely
B
consult Wanda since she was fueling
fuelingher
herbrain
brain
C
with a fruit smoothie.
Hungry is
Is hungary,
definitely
definitely, or
misspelled, but
fueling
choice A
misspelled?
corrects it!
A. hungry
hungry
B. definately
C. feuling
D. No change is necessary.
Sample Item 2
At the flea market, Harold bought fresh tomatoes,
a pair of used jeans, and a stuffed deer head with
a broken antler. He considered the shopping trip
successfull.
A. succesful
B. successful
successful
C. sucessful
D. No change is necessary.
IsChoice
successfull
B does
the job—twoIfcso,
s,
misspelled?
two
which
ss,choice
but only
one l. it?
corrects
At many objective exams,
you can not use a dictionar y!
X
W hen in doubt, rely on
“gut” feelings.
Your eyes have seen in print—and your
brain has registered —all of the possible
words that you will encounter for this skill. If
you don’t recognize the right answer, go
with the one that feels right.
Hey, I know
that word!
Plurals, Par t 1
• Most words become plural by adding s:
chickenchickens, bookbooks, kitekites
• Use es for words ending in s, sh, x, z, or “soft”
ch: beachbeaches, fixfixes, quizquizzes
To finish his algebra problem
, Chadneeded
neededtoto
problem,sChad
find his glass
glass.es.
Do you like my
funky lenses?
Plurals, Par t 2
• Words ending in a vowel + o become plural by
adding s: rodeorodeos, duoduos
• Words ending in a consonant + o become plural
by adding es: tomatotomatoes, heroheroes
Our ears were glued to the radiosasaswe
welistened
listenedtoto
news about the tornado
tornado.es.
Take
cover!
Plurals, Par t 3
• Many words that end in f or fe become plural
with ves: leafleaves, lifelives,
knifeknives
• Words that end in ff or ffe become plural with
just an s: knockoffknockoffs, giraffegiraffes
Our lilife
ves
would
improve
if the
giraffes
quit the
would
improve
if the
giraffs
quit eating
eating
lea
ves off our shrubs.
leafs offthe
our
shrubs.
Stop
that!
Final Y Wor ds
• If you have consonant + final y, change the y
to i when you add any suffix except one beginning
with i: easyeasily, fiftyfiftieth, skyskies
• If you have vowel + final y, keep the y when you
add a suffix: monkeymonkeys, toytoys
Chad tryed
triedtotosave
savehis
hismoney,
money,but
butthe
theflea
fleamarket
market
had too many good buy.
buys.
I’m a sucker
for “Buy 3, Get
1 Free”!
Final E Wor ds
• If a suffix begins with a vowel, you will usually
remove the final e: hopehoping,
loveloving, participateparticipating
• If a suffix begins with a consonant, you will
usually keep the final e: lovelovely,
amuseamusement, hopehopeful
Climbing
Climbing to
tothe
thetop
topof
ofthe
themountain
mountain was
was too
too
challenging,
sowe
wegave
gaveup
upand
andwallowed
wallowedinin
challengeing, so
discouragement
.
discouragment.
We were so
close!
Doubling Final Consonants
• If you have a one-syllable word that ends in
vowel + consonant, double the consonant
when you add a suffix that begins with a
vowel or is a y: sadsaddened,
swimswimming, skinskinny
• If you have a multi-syllable word that ends in
vowel + consonant —with the accent falling
on the last syllable of the root word—double
the consonant: admitadmitted,
beginbeginner, forbidforbidding
Read this sample:
Chad steped
stepped
a puddle
slipped
off
in ainpuddle
andand
sliped
off
the sidewalk. He regreted
regretted
clumsiness
his his
clumsiness
when he spoted
spotted
mud
stain
pants.
thethe
mud
stain
on on
hishis
pants.
Whoa!
IE/EI Wor ds
• Often, i comes before e: belief, chief, review
• If the i and e follow c, they usually reverse:
cei ling, concei ve, recei ve
• E also precedes i if the sound is a long a:
ei ght, nei ghbor, wei gh
Chad is concieted
conceited
about
bulging
veins
about
thethe
bulging
viens
in in
his rippling muscles. He beleives
believes
that
that
allall
of of
the females are admiring his great physique.
Let me flex my
biceps!
Quick Test
Directions: In the items that follow, choose
the option that corrects an error in the
underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose
“No change is necessary.”
Show me
what you
know!
Item 1
Carlos hopped
hoppedthat
hoped
that
thathe
he
hecaught
caught
caughtall
all
allof
of
ofthe
the
the
AA
misspellings ininhis
misspellings
hisessay,
essay,for
forhehewanted
wantedtoto
B
receive an
receive
an AA on
on this
this paper.
paper.
C
A. hoped
hoped
B. mispellings
C. recieve
D. No change is necessary.
Item 2
The thieves
thievesplanned
plannedto
tosteal
stealMom’s
Mom’sexpensive
expensive
A
jewellry but
jewellry
jewelry
butchanged
changedtheir
theirminds
mindswhen
whenthey
they
BB
discovered Big Boy, our Rottweiler, guarding
guardingthe
the
C
master bedroom.
A. theives
B. jewelry
jewelry
C. guardding
D. No change is necessary.
Item 3
When we told Sheila that her boyfriend Ronnie
accompanied Kristine
accompanied
Kristinetotoaafancy
fancyrestaurant
restaurant
last
last
A
B
night, Sheila told us to mind our own business.
bussiness.
bussiness.
CC
A. accompanyed
B. resterant
C. business
business
D. No change is necessary.
Item 4
I don’t mind sharing a dessert with Matthew, but I
must insist on a sepparate
sepparate fork.
fork.
A. separate
separate
B. seperate
C. saperate
D. No change is necessary.
Item 5
Professor Williams recommends
recommendsstuding
studing
studying
two
two
two
A
B
hours every night; we students wish we had the
time but must work to pay for the expensive
expensive
C
textbooks that he requires.
A. reccomends
B. studying
studying
C. espensive
D. No change is necessary.
Item 6
All day long, our new puppy Jack sleeps on the
rug, but at night, he is possesed
possesed by
byenergy
energyand
and
bounces off the furniture.
A. posessed
B. possested
C. possessed
possessed
D. No change is necessary.
Item 7
Ramón wishes
wishs that
wishs
that
that
the
the
the
lovely
lovely
lovely
Belinda
Belinda
Belinda
would
would
would
blow
blow
blow
A
kisses his
kisses
hisway,
way,but
buthe
heisisalways
alwaysdisappointed.
disappointed.
B
C
A. wishes
wishes
B. kissess
C. dissappointed
D. No change is necessary.
Item 8
To please his wife, Robert swept off the roof, even
though he found this chore pointless and
unnecessary.
unnecessary.
A. unecessary
B. unnecessery
C. unneccessary
D. No change
changeisisnecessary.
necessary.
Item 9
Patrick tried to make Babushka’s potato
potatoe
potatoe
AA
pancakes, but we found them inedible;
inedible;everyone
everyone
B
wished he had made simple French fries
fries instead.
instead.
C
A. potato
potato
B. ineddible
C. frys
D. No change is necessary.
Item 10
Look at Jonathan’s face turning red—that boy
embarasses easily!
embarasses
easily!
A. embarrases
B. emmbarasses
C. embarrasses
embarrasses
D. No change is necessary.
The End.