Transcript 2.1 Plant and Animal Cells.pptx

Plant and Animal Cells
Cell Theory
1.
All living organisms are made of one or
more cells.
2.
The cell is the basic organizational unit
of life.
3.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Why study cells?
Most diseases/disorders can be explained due to a default
at the cellular level
Classification of Cells
Prokaryotes
• NO true nucleus (but do
have DNA in a single loop)
or other membrane-bound
organelles
• Simplest organisms (I cell)
• Include the Archaebacteria
and Eubacteria or true
bacteria such as E. coli
Eukaryotes
• Contain a nucleus and
other cell organelles
• Single-celled or
multicellular
• Include all protests, fungi,
animals and plants
• Cells are much larger than
prokaryotic cells
Hierarchy of Organization

Complex organisms are organized into organ systems

Organ systems -> organs -> tissues -> cells -> organelles

Tissues: cells similar in shape and function work
together as tissues

Cells: smallest unit of life

Organelles: special parts within a cell that carry out
specific functions necessary for life
Structures and Organelles in Plant and
Animal Cells

Many structures and organelles are common to
both cell types (cytoplasm, cell membrane,
nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum,
golgi bodies, vacuoles)

The nuclei of both contain DNA (deoxyribonucleic
acid), a molecule that stores all the cell’s genetic
info and determines an organism’s characteristics
Structures Unique to Animal Cells

Centrioles – critical for cell division

Flagellum – whip-like tail (not in all animal cells)
Structures Unique to Plant Cells

Cell Wall

Chloroplasts

Vacuole
Class and Homework
1.
Label the diagrams provided of plant and animals cells
2.
Complete the table in the note
3.
Complete two Venn diagrams: compare plant and animal
cells; compare eukaryotes and prokaryotes
4.
Review section 2.1. Answer questions 2 and 5 on page 32
5.
Answer the following questions: Why do plants have
chloroplasts, a large vacuole and a cell wall, but animal
cells do not have them?
You have until 11:20am to do this in class, then it’s
homework