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Cells
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Gallery of Cells
Mrs. Harlin
1.1.1
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Summarize the structure and function of
organelles in eukaryotic cells (including the
nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall,
mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and
ribosomes) and ways that these organelles
interact with each other to perform the
function of the cell.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
NUCLEUS
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Directs all cell activities
Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
Plasma Membrane
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Protective layer around ALL
cells.
Allows things in and out of cells.
Helps cell maintain
homeostasis (internal balance).
CELL WALL
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protects the cell
gives shape
is made of cellulose
A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most
bacteria.
NOT found in animal cells.
Located outside the cell membrane.
MITOCHONDRIA
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Organelles that break
down glucose to make
ATP- process called
cellular respiration.
AKA the powerhouse.
Inner folded membranes=
increase in surface area=
more energy production
during aerobic cellular
respiration
VACUOLES
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Temporary storage
spaces
Store food, water,
waste
Take up most of a
plant’s cells volume.
Chloroplasts
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Green organelles
that make food=
photosynthesis
found only in plant
cells
RIBOSOMES
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Site of protein synthesis! =
to make proteins
Float freely or attached to
the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER)
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In ALL cells!
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The Cell is like a Factory
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DNA from the nucleus codes for proteins.
Proteins are used as enzymes for chemical
reactions:
–
–
–
Energy production at the mitochondria
Making glucose in the chloroplast
Digesting large organic molecules
Life’s Levels of Hierarchy

Atoms-> Molecules-> Organelles-> Cells
->Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems ->
Organisms
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This applies only for multicellular organisms.