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Audio Video
Production
LIGHTING
TECHNIQUES
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
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TV Studio Lighting
Benefit: complete control
over lighting
Function: to light talent and
the surroundings
Naming: lights have
specific names that
indicate:
• the instrument’s function
• placement in the lighting setup
U.S. National Archives’ Identifier No. 412-DA-13926
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
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2
Key Light
• Type: spotlight (usually a Fresnel
spotlight)
• Placement: main light falling on subject
or area
• Function:
• reveal the basic shape of the
subject
• meet minimum base light
requirements
• should create a sparkle in the
eyes
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
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3
Fill Light
• Type: floodlight (or spotlight
set to flood position)
• Placement: placed opposite
the key
• Function:
• illuminates the subject
• softens shadows
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4
Back Light
• Type: spotlight, usually with
barn doors (also called rim light)
• Function:
• separates the subject from
the background
• illuminates hair and
shoulders
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
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5
Background Light
• Also called set light
• Function: Used to illuminate
the background and set
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6
Lighting Placement
The basic lighting setup in most studio situations
is three-point lighting.
also called
also called
formula
lighting
triangle
lighting
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Lighting Angle
Most light angles
strike the subjects
from above,
thus mimicking
light in the natural
world.
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Key Light Placement
• 45o angle to the left or right
of subject
• Placed on the talent’s “best”
side
• Higher than the subject
• Lights ¾ of the face
• Strikes subject from above
at a 45o angle
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Fill Light Placement
• Placed on opposite side of the subject from the key
• Lower than the key
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10
Back Light Placement
• Behind the subject
• Opposite the camera
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Background Light
Placement
• Placed on same side as
key light.
• Placed at same angle as
key light.
• Placed on same plane
as the subject.
• Aimed at background
and scenery—not at
subject.
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12
Light Plot
#3 Back
Light
• Similar to a floor plan.
• Shows placement of all lighting
instruments.
• Includes type and size (wattage) of
each instrument.
• Indicates the direction of the light beam.
#2 Fill
Light
#1 Key
Light
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Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
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