Transcript Properties of Metals and their use
Metals Learning Intention: Show a working knowledge of various metals
Metal Ores Ores are naturally occurring rocks that contain metal or metal compounds.
Pure metals and Alloys • Metals are rarely used in their pure form. They are usually mixed with other metals to improve their properties. This is called an alloy aluminium, copper, iron, lead, zinc, tin,silver and gold
Ferrous and Non-ferrous Metals Non-Ferrous Metals do not contain Iron, are not magnetic and are usually more resistant to corrosion than ferrous metals
Ferrous Metals
Name Properties Typical Uses
Cast Iron Hard skin, softer underneath, but brittle, corrodes by rusting but better resistance than steel Parts with complex shapes which can be made by casting
Name
Ferrous Metals
Properties Typical Uses
Mild Steel Tough, ductile, malleable, good tensile strength, poor resistance to corrosion General structural work for example girders, nuts, bolts, screws, car body panels and non cutting tools
Name
Ferrous Metals
Properties Typical Uses
High carbon steel (tool steel) Even harder than medium carbon steel and more brittle, can be heat-treated to make it harder and tougher
Ferrous Metals
Name Properties Typical Uses
Stainless steel Hard and tough, resistant to wear and corrosion
Non-ferrous Metals Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron
Name
Non-ferrous Metals
Properties
Aluminium (pure metal is rarely used) Main alloy is Duralumin Good strength-to weight ratio. Strong. Malleable. Good conductor of electricity.
Resistant to corrosion. Can be highly reflective.
Typical Uses
Non-ferrous Metals
Name
Copper
Properties
Excellent conductor of heat & electricity Malleable Resistant to corrosion
Typical Uses
Name
Brass (copper + zinc) Non-ferrous Metals
Properties
Harder and cheaper than copper. Corrosion resistant
Non-ferrous Metals
Name
Bronze Copper (zinc) + tin
Properties
Harder than brass – resistant to salt water corrosion
Typical Uses
Non-ferrous Metals
Name Properties
Tin (pure) Soft, weak, malleable, ductile and resistant to corrosion
Typical Uses
Soft solder. Coating steel to form tin plate
Non-ferrous Metals
Name Properties
Lead (pure) Soft, weak, malleable, ductile and resistant to corrosion
Typical Uses
Alloyed with tin to produce soft solder
Test Yourself
What are metals with iron in them called?
• Ferrous
What are metals that do not have iron in them called?
• Non-ferrous
What are metals that are mixed with other metals called?
• Alloys
What are pure metals called?
• Pure!
What metal would be used?
Cast Iron
What metals could be used?
• Cast Iron and Aluminium alloy
What metal could be used?
• Copper
Bronze is an alloy of what 2 sometimes 3 metals?
• Copper, Tin and sometimes Zinc
What is Bronze used for and why?
• Resistant to salt water – and it’s very hard
What metal is used and why?
• Mild steel – cheap, readily available, malleable, tough.
What metal is this and what properties does it have?
• Hard and tough, resistant to wear and corrosion
What is it? What metal is it made from? What main property does it have? What needs to be done for it to be less brittle?
• Dot / centre punch. High carbon steel. V. Hard needs to be heat-treated to make it less brittle
What metal would these be made from and why?
• Light weight but strong. Malleable and corrosion resistant in the case of the can
What metal would be used and why? What other uses?
• Brass – excellent conductor of electricity. Taps, brass instruments, (brass) screws
What metal would these mild steel cans be coated in and why • Tin – corrosion resistant
What else is tin used for?
• Alloyed with lead to make solder