Transcript P04 MDN Heat pumps and their economics Alexander Pachai English

Heat pumps and their economics
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE REGIONAL OZONE NETWORK
FOR EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA (ECA NETWORK MEETING)
OHRID, MACEDONIA FYR, 21-23 MAY 2013
10 years of networking & mutual support
between Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Europe & Central Asia
There has been fluctuations before
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Energy prices are fluctuating at a high level
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Heat pumps technology are not new
Extensive experience in industrial heat pumps
Brochure from 1982
The key benefits haven't changed, but its now more attractive than ever before….
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What is a heat pump?
A heat recovery technology such as
heat pump can bring more value to
your business:
Before
 Transform low value heat to high
value heat
 Generate an extra income to your
business by reusing waste heat
 Reduce noise level from evaporative
condenser/ cooling tower
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Heat exchanger
Condenser
Heat pump
High side float
To the system
After
Main compressor
What is it all about?
Traditional thinking in refrigeration:
You can reuse some of the heat from the refrigeration system
Think “out of the box”:
Generating new business, then you can
use several heat sources like:
 Ground water
 Water in a harbour
 Waste water
 Boreholes or land that needs to be
drained on a constant basis
 Exhaust gasses
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The gas price vs. The price of electricity
Country
http://www.energy.eu/
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Ratio
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
2.74803
2.68827
1.81882
3.28846
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
1.34661
2.41489
1.62201
2.0554
2.21645
2.69643
2.13351
3.93987
3.09091
2.89744
1.49882
2.44648
2.56748
2.21408
2.90667
3.14368
1.74831
2.78157
1.43411
3.62963
Italy = 3,9
Sweden = 1,4
The ratio electricity price/gas price in praxis
For Italy:
For Sweden:
Boiler production
Efficiency
Total consumption
Price for gas
Price for one hour
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1000
98
1020
0.0516
52.632
kW
%
kW
kWh
€
Boiler production
Efficiency
Total consumption
Price for gas
Price for one hour
Heat pump production
Efficiency
Total consumption
Price for electricity
Price for one hour
1000
5.8
172.414
0.074
12.7586
kW
COP
kW
kWh
€
Ratio for runing boiler
Price ratio for el vs gas
4.12521
1.43411
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1000
98
1020
0.0316
32.232
kW
%
kW
kWh
€
Heat pump production
Efficiency
Total consumption
Price for electricity
Price for one hour
1000
5.8
172.414
0.1245
21.4655
kW
COP
kW
kWh
€
Ratio for runing boiler
Price ratio for el vs gas
1.50157
3.93987
An example from Croatia
Water
Chemicals
inspection
Saving on tower
Net Energy savings
Total savings
Aprox price
ROI
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6,716.16 €/year
1,210.40 €/year
0.00 €/year
7,926.56 €/year
33,115.28 €/year
41,041.84 €/year
80,000 €
1.95 Year
What is the driving force?
CO2 is becoming part of the
bottom line
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Using the energy on both sides
Q
heat
Qheat = Qcooling + W
COPheat= QHeat/W
W
COPheat = EER+1
COPcombi = (Qheat+Qcool)/W
Q
cooling
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EER= Qcooling/W
As is scenario
$$$$$$
CO2
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The sustainable solution
CO2
Standby
For other use
QHP
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Qc
Cooling tower economics
Water and bleed off water
1,8 liter/kWh@15% (min)
Chemicals
0,4...0,67 €/m3
Legionella sampling of water
700 € for 3 towers (1.100 € for
more than 3)
Maintenance contract
4% of installation cost
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An example from the industry
Heat pump
Removal of noncondensable gases
Warm water supply
To system
From system
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HEAT PUMP solutions and offerings
Single stage ammonia heat pump based on reciprocating compressor technology
Waste heat from process or
condensing heat from
existing refrigeration
equipment.
Single-stage 8-cylinder
compressor heat pump
+64°C
+39°C
963 kW
1149 kW
+34°C
+70°C
COP = 6.2
Electrical power 186 kW
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Hot water for cleaning, or
heating purposes
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HEAT PUMP solutions and offerings
Single stage ammonia heat pump based on reciprocating compressor technology
 Industrial reciprocating compressor designed for
R717 heat pump application
 Low ammonia charge, approx. 50 kg for
the largest unit
 Maximum outgoing water temperature: 70 °C
 Maximum heating capacity: 1149 kW
(39°C source /70°C water out )
 Temperature lift limited by design parameters
Water out
Heat Source
-10
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
HEAT PUMP solutions and offerings
Single stage ammonia heat pump based on screw compressor technology
 Industrial screw compressor designed for
R717 heat pump application
 Maximum outgoing water temperature: 90 °C
 Maximum heating capacity: 1600kW
(40°C source /85°C water out )
 1000 – 6000RPM variable speed drive
as standard
Heat Source
-10
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10
20
Water out
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
°C
References and how does it look like?
Heat pump based on screw compressor, type HeatPAC 157
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Now what can I use the heat pump for?
If you cannot use the heat at site – sell it.
Heat can be used for:
 Sanitary hot water
 Space heating
 Process heating
 Cleaning
 Disinfecting
 Drying
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The cold water can be used for:
 Cooling of condenser of refrigeration
plant
 You can sell refrigerated water and in
return you get heat for free
 Exhaust air, compressed air and
processes can generate heat for the
heat pump
In Summary
Alt. Sell the heat
Heat Pump compressors:
Reciprocating
Screw
Free cooling
Heat Pump:
Compressors:
Reciprocating
Screw
Process
Screw compressors
Reciprocating compressors
Types:
Fixed speed
Variable speed drive
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Evaporators:
Controls:
Systems:
Flooded
Dry expansion
Systems:
LT float valve
HT float valve
Dry expansion
Types:
Plate heat exchangers
Shell&tube heat exchangers
Shell&plate heat exchangers
Tube&fins heat exchangers
Types:
Mekanical
Electronic
Condensers:
Direct systsems:
Air cooled
Evaporative condensers
Water cooled e.g. Sea water, river
water....
Indirect systems:
Liquid cooled + Drycooler
Liquid cooled + Open cooling tower
Liquid cooled + Closed cooling tower
Types of water cooled:
Plate heat exchangers
Shell&tube heat exchangers
Shell&plate heat exchangers
In Summary
Suction temperature
100°C
40°C
R717
Open type
Screw
15°C
0°C
R290
Hermetic and
Semihermetic
R600a
Semi-hermetic
screw
R744
Semi-hermetic
Reciprocating
-20°C
Capacity
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So what do we know now?
HEAT PUMPS MAKE SENSE
HEAT PUMPS ARE GOOD FOR BUSINESS
HEAT PUMPS IS A SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY
HEAT PUMPS ARE NOT NEW TECHNOLOGY
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Thank you for your attention