Transcript Confucian Personalities in the Chosôn Kingdom

Confucian Personalities in the
Chosôn Kingdom
 Role of Biographies in
Confucian Historiography
 Government Haengjang
(Account of Conduct)
 Private Biographical Notices
Confucian Personalities
Chŏng Tojŏn, 정도전,
鄭道傳 (1337 ?-died 1398),
 Member of new Bureaucrat
 Part of Pro-Ming Faction after
Class
 Commoner and Middle Elite
Background
 Teacher at Reformed National
Academy
 Advisor to Yi Songgye,
Military Governer of a
northern province
1368
 Supporter of Yi Songgye’s
Coup
 Reformer of Education and
Government
 Composed first Chosôn
Adminstrative Code –
Patterned on Ming Law
Chông Tojôn
 Primary opponent of
Government support of
Buddhism and Daoism in
late Koryô.
 Sought to Restructure
Social Classes
 Role in Succession
Struggles to Yi T’aejo
 Controversy over his Role
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in the Founding of the
Kingdom
Works:
Sambongjip (삼봉집, 三峰
集)
ChosŏnGyunggukjeon (조
선경국전, 朝鮮經國典)
DaemyungryulChosŏnyuh
hae (대명률조선어해, 大明
律朝鮮語解)
Gyungjemungam (경제문
감, 經濟文鑑)
Confucian Personalities
Yi Hwang 李滉 (1501–1570)
Yi Toegye
 Founder of the Tosan Sôwon
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(Tosan Academy)
Founder of the Yôngnam
School in Confucian
Metphysics
Involved in Court Purges
Numerous Appointment in
the Capital and Provinces
Primary Debater of Yi-Ki
Priority Metaphysics
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Gave Daily Lectures and composed the
Sônghak sipdo :聖學十圖, (Ten Diagrams on
Sage Learning) for King Sônjo
— 退溪全書
1681 — The Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning
(hangul:성학십도, hanja:聖學十圖)
1746 — 退溪集
Outline and Explanations of the Works of Zhu
Xi (hangul:주자서절요, hanja:朱子書節要)
Commentary on the Scripture of the Heart
(hangul:심경석의, hanja:心經釋義)
History of Neo-Confucianism in the Song, Yuan
and Ming Dynasties (hangul:송계원명이학통
록, hanja:宋季元明理學通錄)
The Four-Seven Debate (hangul:사칠속편,
hanja:四七續篇): discusses Mencius's
philosophy with Gi Dae-seung
Confucian Personalities
Yi I (December 26, 1536–
1584)
Yi Yulgok
 High Ranked Background
 Interest in Security and
 Mother Famous as Painter
Military Affairs
 Composed Village Contracts
and Calligrapher
 Confucian “Wunderkind” but
also interested in Daoism and
Buddhism
 Loved Politics and Service in
the Court
 Opposing Debater in the
Yi/Gi Debates
Yi Yulgok, continued
 Published Works:
 Questions and Answers at East Lake
(hangul:동호문답, hanja:東湖問答)
- Eleven articles about political
reform.
 Memorial in Ten Thousand Words
(hangul:만언봉사, hanja:萬言封事)Suggestions about Confucian
learning, self-cultivation, and
application to government
administration.
 The Essentials of the Studies of the
Sages (hangul:성학집요, hanja:聖學
輯要) - Fundamentals of Confucian
ethics, self-cultivation and
statecraft.
 The Secret of Expelling Ignorance
(hangul:격몽요결, hanja:擊蒙要訣)
- Systematic guide of learning.
 Daily Records of Lectures before the
Throne (hangul:경연일기, hanja:經
筵日記) - Record of political events
and happenings.
 The Complete Works of Yulgok
(hangul:율곡전서, hanja:栗谷全書)
was compiled after his death on the
basis of the writings he bequeathed.
Confucian Personalities
Chông Yagyong 丁若鏞
(Tasan 茶山)
Member of the Sirhak실학
(Practical Learning School)
Continued the lineage of T’oegye
Studied Catholic Writings, esp.
Matteo Ricci’s “True Meaning of
the Lord of Heaven” ( Tianshi xii)
Developed Personalistic
Interpretations of the concept of
Heaven
(1762–1836)
 Published Works:
 Kyôngse yup’yo (Designs for
Good Government
 , Mongmin simsô
(Admonitions on Governing
the People)
 Hûmhûm sinsô (Towards a
New Jurisprudence)
Confucian Personalities
Song Si-yeol ( 송시열)
 Long time Service in the
government
 Ritualist Philosophy
: 宋時烈, 1607–1689),
Song Siyôl- continued
Published Works
 Uamjip(우암집, 尤庵集)
 UamSeonsanghoojip(우암선생후집, 尤菴
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先生後集)
Uamyugo(우암유고, 尤菴遺稿)
Joojadaejeon(주자대전잡억)
Songseoseupyu(송서습유, 宋書拾遺)
Songseosokseupyu(송서속습유, 宋書續拾
遺)
Joojadaejeonchaui(주자대전차의, 朱子大全
箚疑)
Chôngseobunryu(정서분류, 程書分類)
Joojauhryusobun(주자어류소분, 朱子語類
小分)
Nonmaengmunuitonggo(논맹문의통고, 論
孟問義通攷)
行狀)
 Shimgyungseokui(심경석의, 心
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經釋義)
Shambangchwalyo(삼방촬요, 三
方撮要)
Songjadaejeon(송자대전, 宋子
大全)
Jangreungjimun(장릉지문, 長陵
誌文)
Youngreungjimun(영릉지문, 寧
陵誌文)
Songjungilmyojimyung(송준길
묘지명)
Sagyeseonsaenghangjang(사계
선생행장, 沙溪先生