Transcript Tang & Song China Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang spreads Buddhism to Tibet

Tang & Song China
Chinese Buddhist monk Xuanzang
spreads Buddhism to Tibet
Post Han
Period of disunity
 Decline of Confucian bureaucracy
 Buddhism enters & flourishes
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Sui dynasty – return to dynastic
imperialism
 Brief & violent – assassinations of
both main emperors
Tang established
Li Yuan secures frontiers
 extends empire into Tibet,
Manchuria & Vietnam
 Korea a tributary kingdom
 Importance of Buddhism leads to
higher status for women
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Civil Servant system
Rulers restored Confucian imperial
bureaucracy
 Bureau of Censors evaluated all
levels of bureaucracy
 Examinations become more regular
& determine rank
 (examinations on Confucian works)
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Tang Religious issues
Tang rulers patronized Buddhist
monasteries and Confucian schools
 Monasteries increased to 50,000
 Monasteries untaxed; housed anyone
 Resented by Daoists & Confucians
 Emperor Wuzong began suppression
of Buddhism & recovery of lands
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Developments Tang
Grand Canal
* Li Bo - poet
 Commercial shipping
 Early Junks
 Capital city of 2 million!
 State funded irrigation & canals
 Distribution of lands to peasants
 Better status for women
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Tang decline
Disruptions in royal family
 Empress Wei
 Emperor’s concubine issue
 Discontent with powerful women
 A failed rebellion
 Nomads…regional govts
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Song Dynasty
Partial restoration of empire
 Civil servants (scholar-gentry)
limited milit growth
 Exams continued but easier
 Bureaucracy became larger & less
efficient

Neo-Confucianism
Hostile to outside ideas
 Tradition, social hierarchy,
gender distinction more
rigid – Male dominance
 Women – restricted to
household / no education
 footbinding emergesesp. among upper class
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Developments Song
Decline in status of women
 Gunpowder
 Junks
 Compasses for sea navigation
 Abacus
 Movable type
 Landscape painting at height

Decline & recentering & fall
Military weakness
 Neighboring kingdoms demanded
tribute
 Wang attempts reforms
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Southern Song
Retreats below the Yangtze river
 Eventually falls to the Mongols
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(Enter….
the Mongols)
Korea
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How did China impact?
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How did Korea develop
differently?
Vietnam
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How did China impact?
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How did Vietnam develop
differently?
Japan
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How did China impact?
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How did Japan develop
differently?
Medieval Feudalism
Western Europe
Japan
Emperor-ceremonial
King/kingdom
Shogun/shogunate
High lords/barons
Counts
Daimyo
Knights
Samurai
Chivalry & Bushido
What common values and
expectations did these 2 codes
of conduct have?
 To whom did the codes apply?
 Why did the codes develop?
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Samurai fighting the Mongols
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義 – Gi – Rectitude
Influenced by
勇 – Yū – Courage
Confucianism
仁 – Jin – Benevolence
礼 – Rei – Respect
誠 – Makoto or 信 - Shin– Honesty
名誉 – Meiyo – Honor, Glory
忠義 – Chū – Loyalty
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-Translations from: Random House's Japanese-English, English-Japanese Dictionary
Others that are sometimes added to these:
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孝 - Kō - Filial piety
智 - Chi - Wisdom
悌 - Tei - Care for the aged