Transcript Dynastic China:

Dynastic China:
Sui to the Song
Review
• Shang
Hmmm… let’s
see…Xia then
Shang, Zhou,
Qin…then Han.
Dude! this is
hard to
remember!
• Oracle bones
• Zhou
• Mandate of heaven
• Qin
• 14 years
• China named for
them
• Great Wall
• Han
• Golden Age
Sui Dynasty: 589-618
• Rise to Power
• 589 Emperor Wen Di conquered Chen
kingdom and unified China for the first
time in 400 years by
• Extensive public works projects (grand
canal and Great Wall)
• Extended military control over China
• Government
• Emperors Wen Di and Yang Di
• harsh rulers
• Peasants forced into army or public
works
• Wen Di encouraged Buddhism,
Confucianism, and Daoism
• Accomplishments
• Built Grand Canal, connected Huang He
and Yangtze rivers
• Rebuilt Great Wall to protect North
Sui Wen-Di
Tang: Renaissance of China
• 618-907
• Rise to Power
• 618, Li Shi Min captured Changan and
Luoyang and made himself emperor
Dai Zong in 626
• Government
• Under Empress Wu, Tang ruled one of
the most extensive empires in Chinese
history
• Confucian Civil Service Exams
reinstated
• Bureaucracy: government composed
of departments, each with own area
• Scholar-gentry: bureaucrats upheld
Confucian ideals by acting as artists
and politicians, became new ruling
elite
Chinese Scholars waiting for the exam results to be posted
Even Tangier
• Achievements of the Tang
• Characterized by trade and
agricultural expansion
• Trade
Flying Money and Junk?
• Silk Road protected
• Islamic contacts increased
• Ocean trade, Junks among
world’s best ships, Chinese
dominated Indian ocean
• Paper money and flying money,
letters of credit
• Agriculture
• Canals and irrigations systems
• Large estates broken up, land
redistributed
• Tea and fast growing rice from
Vietnam
• population growth
• urban growth
More Tangy achievements
• Cultural
• Buddhism spread (Conf.
remained dominant b/c
restrictions on gifts to
Buddhism)
• Gunpowder invented
• Abacus to help count and
record taxes
• Short stories and poetry
popular
• Decline
• Internal strife and
northern invasions
Leshan Buddha
71 meters tall, completed in 803
Tang Art
Spring Outing at
the Tang Court
Beautiful Tang
Ladies
Tang
Ladies
Playing
Ball
Song: 960-1279
• Rise to Power
• Tai Zu took over after 50 years of Civil War
• Government
• Mongolians and Manchurians harassed
Northern borders for 200 years
• paid tribute to the Mongols
• Forced to establish new capital at Hangzhou
• Government officials came from south
because north was under Manchurian
control
• Meritocracy: bureaucrats selected
according to scores received on civil-service
exams
Chinese Traditions under the Song
• Neo-Confucianism
• official state religion
• Blend of Buddhism and Confucianism and
some Daoism
• reinforced gender and class divisions
• Civil service exams emphasized
• Scholar gentry received more prestige
became known as Mandarins
• considered more important than military
Achievements of Song
• Trade
• Kept trade going
• Power of Merchant class rose as
large-scale trade thrived
• Culture
• Art: Landscapes
• Footbinding among wealthy elite
• patriarchal family
• Significant technological
advances
• catapults, rocket launchers,
• Moveable type printing
• compasses
Dailies: Sui, Tang, Song
• What rivers did the Grand Canal connect?
• Describe Flying money?
• What two effects did fast growing rice have
on China?
• Who were the Mandarins?
• Describe the Civil-Service Exams.