Transcript B C LOOD HEMISTRY

BLOOD
CHEMISTRY
How it affects Cardiovascular
Disease
HDL’S
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnK1Kv3XkZI
HDL= lipoproteins, which are combinations of
lipids and proteins.
HDL is considered the “good cholesterol”.
Higher levels of HDL’s reduce risk of heart
disease
Healthy lifestyle changes can increase HDL
levels.
LDL’S
LDL= low density lipoprotein…..BAD cholesterol
 LDL’s carry the cholesterol throughout the body
for use by different cells, but if there is too much
cholesterol it can build up on artery walls
 Plaque build up= blocked arteries= heart attacks
and strokes
 Under 100 mg/dL = good level
 Age & Tests, diet, exercise, weight loss,
medications
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WHAT ARE TRIGLYCERIDES?
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the chemical form in which most fat exists in food as
well as in the body
present in blood plasma and, in association with
cholesterol, form the plasma lipids
Triglycerides in plasma are derived from fats eaten in
foods or made in the body from other energy sources
like carbohydrates.
Hormones regulate the release of triglycerides from
fat tissue so they meet the
body's needs for energy
between meals.
HOW DO TRIGLYCERIDES CONTRIBUTE
TO HEART DISEASE?
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High triglycerides increased the
risk of heart attack 3-fold
High triglyceride levels are
associated with risk factors for
heart disease: low levels of HDL,
high levels of LDL
Hypertriglyceridemia=
abnormal concentration of
triglyceride in blood.
Hypertriglyceridemia can lead to
Atherosclerosis ,
where deposits build up in the
inner lining of an artery, leading
to the hardening of arteries.
WHAT IS A HEALTHY AMOUNT?
*These are based on fasting plasma
triglyceride levels.
MAINTAINING NORMAL
LEVELS…
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Lose excess pounds.
Cut back on calories.
Avoid sugary and refined
foods.
Limit the cholesterol in your
diet.
Choose healthier fats.
Eliminate trans fat.
Avoid alcoholic beverages.
Exercise Regularly.
GLUCOSE
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Diabetics are twice more likely to get heart
disease than non-diabetics
People with diabetes also tend to get heart
disease at an earlier age
High blood glucose levels damage nerves and
blood vessels
BLOOD PRESSURE
High blood pressure killed 49,707 Americans in a
year
 High blood pressure increases risk for heart
disease and stroke, both leading causes of death
in U.S.
 Among people with high blood pressure 31.6%
are unaware they have it
 High blood pressure is easily detectable and
usually controlled by life modifications: exercise,
diet
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BLOOD CLOTS
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Atherosclerosis
Starts when platelets
clump together around
plaque
Plaque forms when
cholesterol & other
substances build up in
inner lining of arteries