Transcript Document 7466550

ROAD PAVEMENT FORUM
GUIDELINES ON MODIFIED
BINDERS FOR USE IN HOTMIX ASPHALT AND
SURFACING SEAL
APPLICATIONS
Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Scope
Appropriate use of modified binders
Modified binder composition
3.1 Homogeneous binders (polymer modified)
3.2 Polymer modified emulsions
3.3 Non-Homogeneous binders (bitumen rubber)
Product Properties
4.1 Cohesion
4.2 Adhesion
4.3 Rheology (flow behaviour)
4.4 Elasticity
4.5 Stiffness
4.6 Ageing
4.7 Storage Stability/Compatibility
Modified Binder Classification
Selection and Application criteria
6.1 High stress surface seals
6.2 Stress Absorbing membranes
6.3 Hot-Mix Asphalt
Table of Contents (contd)
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Product requirements
7.1 Hot applied polymer modified binder for surface seals
7.2 Cold applied modified emulsion for surface seals
7.3 Polymer modified binders for hot-mix asphalt
7.4 Bitumen-rubber for seal and asphalt
Storage and handling
8.1 Hot polymer modified binders
8.2 Polymer modified bitumen emulsions
8.3 Bitumen rubber
Quality assurance
9.1 Information required at start of a contract
9.2 Quality control during construction
9.3 Re-constitution
Sampling and testing
Occupational Health and Safety
Glossary
References
Appendix A
METHOD MB 1 – Sampling of modified binders
METHOD MB 2 – Preparation of modified binder
METHOD MB 3 – Modified rolling thin film oven test
METHOD MB 5 – Torsional recovery of polymer modified binders
METHOD MB 6 – Stability of modified binders
METHOD MB 8 – Recovery of residue of modified emulsion
METHOD MB 9 – Pull out test method for surfacing aggregate
METHOD MB 10 – Ball penetration and resilience of bitumen rubber
blends
METHOD MB 11- Compression recovery of bitumen rubber blends
METHOD MB 13 – Dynamic viscosity of bitumen-rubber blends
METHOD MB 14 – Particle size distribution and loose fibre content of
rubber crumbs
METHOD MB 15 – Resilience of rubber crumbs
METHOD MB 16 – Bulk density of rubber crumbs
Appendix A (contd)
METHOD MB 17 – The determination of the softening point of modified
bitumen by the ring and ball method
METHOD MB 18 – The determination of the dynamic (apparent) viscosity
of polymer modified bitumen
METHOD MB 19 – The determination of the low temperature ductility of
polymer modified bitumen
METHOD MB 20 – Elastic recovery by means of ductilometer
METHOD MB 21 – Modified vialit adhesion test
METHOD MB 22 – The determination of the viscosity of modified bitumen
emulsions by means of the say bolt Fural viscometer
METHOD MB 23 – The determination of the water content of modified
bitumen emulsions
METHOD MB 24 – The determination of the residue on sieving of a
modified bitumen emulsion
METHOD MB 25 – The determination of the particle change of modified
binder emulsion
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 4: Classification of Modified Binders for Surface Seals
MODIFIED BINDER
CLASS
S - E1
S - E2
S - R1
SC - E1
SC - E2
APPLICATION
Surface Seal - Hot applied
Surface Seal - Hot applied
Surface Seal - Bitumen-rubber
Surface Seal - cold applied (emulsion)
Surface Seal - cold applied (emulsion)
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 5: Classification of Modified Binders for Hot-Mix Asphalt
MODIFIED BINDER
CLASS
A - E1
A - E2
A - P1
A - R1
APPLICATION
Hot mix asphalt
Hot mix asphalt
Hot mix asphalt
Hot mix asphalt
- Fatigue
- Fatigue / Deformation
- Deformation (*Note)
- Bitumen rubber
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 6: Selection criteria for surface seals
CONDITION
MODIFIED BINDER CLASS
S-E1 S-E2
SC-E1
SC-E2
Active cracks (Note 1*)
x
Passive cracks
x
Moderately stressed areas
x
Highly stressed areas
x
x
x
x
x
Note2*
x
x
x
Surface temp at application (<10 OC) (Note 3)
Very high road surface temperatures
x
S-R1
x
x
x
x
x
*Notes:
1)
For high crack activity a seal design with high binder application rates is recommended, e.g. double seal.
As a result of their relatively high application rate, bitumen-rubber seals (S-R1) have historically been
preferred for applications where there are very high crack movements (> 0.002mm).
2)
For new construction, or reseal projects where traffic accommodation is not a problem, modified
emulsions could also be used.
3)
Modified emulsions can be used when road surface temperatures do not allow the use of hot modified
binders, or where there are other factors, such as long haul distances from the plant, where possible
degradation of the heated product could occur.
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 7: Selection Criteria for Hot-Mix Asphalt
BINDER CLASS
CONDITION
A-E1
A-E2
High deformation resistance on stiff base
x
High deformation resistance on flexible base
High fatigue resistance on flexible base
Moderate fatigue resistance and moderate deformation
resistance (*Note )
Reflective cracking
A-P1
x
A-R1
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
High stress areas
x
Open graded mixes where a high film thickness is
required
Low road surface temperatures
x
x
x
x
x
x
*Note:
1)
Areas where a reduction in the risk compared to conventional binders of premature failure,
or where the future loading conditions are uncertain (e.g. access roads to new developments
with high traffic generation potential).
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 8: Properties Of Polymer Modified Binders For Hot Sealing Applications
BINDER CLASS
PROPERTY
UNIT
o
Softening Point (R&B)
o
Dynamic Viscosity @ 165 C
Ductility @ 15oC
MIN/MAX
TEST METHOD
S-E1
S-E2
C
Min.
MB - 17
50
57
Pa.S
Max.
MB - 18
0,55
0,55
cm
Min.
MB - 19
75
50
Report*
Report
o
Force Ductility @ 15 C
-
Complex Shear Modulus (G*/sin δ @
10 rad/s) (Note 2*)
Creep Stiffness: Bending Beam
Rheometer
Elastic Recovery @ 15oC
-
AASHTO: TP 5
Report
Report
MPa
-
AASHTO: TP 1
Report
Report
55
70
230
230
%
Min.
MB - 20
Flash Point
o
Min.
ASTM: D93-97
Stability (R&B diff. @ 160 ºC)
o
C
Max.
MB - 6
Adhesion @ 5oC
%
Min.
MB - 20
%
-
%
o
C
Torsional Recovery at 15oC (Note3*)
o
Torsional Recovery at 25 C
5
5
90
90
MB - 5
Report
Report
-
MB - 5
Report
Report
C
-
MB - 17
-2 to +8
-2 to +8
%
Min.
MB - 20
40
50
After Ageing (RTFOT) (Note 4*)
Difference in Softening Point
o
Elastic Recovery @ 15 C
Mass Change
%
Max.
1.0
1,0
Dynamic Viscosity @ 165 oC
Pa.s
-
MB - 18
Report
Report
Torsional Recovery @ 25 oC
%
-
MB - 5
Report
Report
*Notes:
1)
There is a possibility that the current "Report only" test properties could in future form part of the specifications.
It is recommended that, wherever possible, they be carried out at the commencement of the project in order to develop
a local database for these properties.
2)
According to the SHRP methods
3)
Based on the Austroads method, and is a relatively cheap, quick and simple test which shows great promise as a quality
control tool on site.
4)
According to the modified test method
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 9 : Properties of polymer modified emulsions for surface seals
MODIFIED BINDER CLASS
PROPERTY
UNIT
Modified Binder Content
o
Viscosity @ 50 C (Saybolt Furol)
Residue on sieving)
MIN/MAX
65-68
70-73
65-68
70-73
Sec.
MB - 22
51-200
51-400
51-200
51-400
Max.
Sedimentation after 60 rotations
On Recovered Binder Residue
Ductility @ 15
o
Elastic recovery @ 15 C
o
Torsional Recovery @ 15 C(Note 3*)
Force Ductility
MB - 24
0,5
0,5
MB - 25
Positive
Positive
SABS 548
Nil
Nil
(Note *1)
o
C
SC-E2
MB - 2
Particle charge
o
SC-E1
(% m/m)
g/100ml
Softening Point
TEST
METHOD
C
Min.
MB - 17
48
55
Cm
Min.
MB - 19
75
50
%
Min.
MB - 20
50
55
%
-
MB - 5
Report*
Report
Report
Report
-
*Notes:
1)
Recovery of the binder residue may follow either the Rotary Vacuum Evaporation method or the Simple
Evaporative method. As it is however more practical to carry out in site conditions it is recommended
that the Simple Evaporative method be utilised. In addition, this method retains the fluxing oil and thus gives
a good indication as to the amount that has been added. The residue obtained from Rotary Evaporation
method is believed to be substantially free of fluxing oil after recovery, thus possibly giving a better
representation of the binder properties in service after a period of "curing".
2)
There is a possibility that the current "Report only" test properties could in future form part of the specifications.
It is recommended that, wherever possible, they be carried out at the commencement of the project in
order to develop a local database of these properties.
3)
Based on the Austroads method, and is a relatively cheap, quick and simple test which shows great promise
as a quality control tool on site
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Table 10: Properties of polymer modified binder for hot-mix asphalt
BINDER CLASS
PROPERTY
UNIT
o
Softening Point
MIN/MAX
TEST METHOD
A-E1
A-E2
A-P1
C
Min.
MB - 17
55
60
65
o
Pa.s
Max.
MB - 18
0,6
0,6
0,75
o
Pa.s
-
MB - 18
Report*
Report
Report
o
Pa.s
-
MB- 18
Report
Report
Report
cm
Min.
MB - 19
75
50
30
Report
Report
Report
60
50
Report
Report
Report
Report
Dynamic Viscosity @ 165 C
Dynamic Viscosity @ 150 C
Dynamic Viscosity @ 135 C
Ductility @ 15 oC
Force Ductility
o
Elastic Recovery @ 15 C
%
Min.
Torsional Recovery @ 25 C (Note 3*)
%
-
MB - 5
Storage Stab (Diff. in R&B @ 160 ºC)
ºC
Max.
MB - 6
5
5
5
Flash Point
o
Min.
ASTM: D93-97
230
230
230
-
AASHTO: TP5
Report
Report
Report
-
AASHTO: TP1
Report
Report
Report
MB - 17
-2 to +8
-2 to +8
-2 to +8
MB - 20
50
40
Report
1,0
1,0
1,0
Report
Report
Report
o
C
Complex shear modulus/G*/sin δ @
10 rad/s (Note 2*)
Creep Stiffness
MPa
After Ageing (RTFOT) (Note 4*)
MB - 3
Diff. in Softening Point
o
Elastic Recovery @ 15oC
%
Min.
Mass change
%
Max.
%
-
C
o
Torsional recovery @ 25 C
MB - 20
MB - 5
*Notes:
1)
There is a possibility that the current "Report only" test properties could in future form part of the specifications.
It is recommended that wherever possible they be carried out at the commencement of the project in order to
develop a local database for these properties.
2)
According to the SHRP methods
3)
Based on the Austroads method, and is a relatively cheap, quick and simple test which shows great promise as
a quality control tool on site.
4)
According to the modified test method.
Road Pavement Forum
Guideline for Modified Binders
Conclusion

Document is not a specification

Guideline as a basis for transparent procurement of appropriate
modified binder products

Certification of products should be encouraged

Modification of binders is a dynamic process : guidelines are
thus interim and will require regular review

Inclusion of crack sealant products?