Transcript Lighting 4.05 Sherry Brooks

Lighting
4.05
Sherry Brooks
 Can emphasize the best features of a room
 Effects the way a room can be used.
Inadequate light causes eye strain, affect
comfort levels, and result in accidents.
 ________________is very efficient, blends
well with sunlight, and makes most colors look
good
 ________________ is efficient but
_________ flattering to many colors
Purposes of lighting
 _______________lighting: also known as
_____________________ or ambient lighting.
Provides just enough light so everything in the
room can be seen.
_______________ the shadows and harsh
contrasts caused by other lighting sources.
EX: Overhead light in any room
Chandelier in dining room
Ceiling fan with light
______________lighting:
light that shines on specific
areas
__________ light: reflected
off ceilings and walls. More
diffused and softer
 _____________ lighting: focuses light on an
area where it is needed most.
To provide the best task light, shades should
shaped so that light is directed
______________
EX: Desk lamp illuminates a desk top.
Light above a range or kitchen island
Light on sewing machine
 ___________ lighting: aimed directly on a
specific object to create a dramatic effect.
For the most dramatic effect, the accent lighting
should be at least ________ times brighter
than general lighting.
EX: Light over a special painting,
Lights in a china cabinet
TYPES OF BULBS
Incandescent Bulbs
 Light produced by electricity
passing through a tungsten filament
in a glass bulb.
 This light tends to ___________
and flattering.
 Bulbs are available in variety of
shapes and can be clear or frosted
 ___________ bulbs reduce glare
and give a soft light
Incandescent bulbs (con’t)
 Small __________ bulbs, used
in chandeliers, give a sparkling
effect.
 Available in ______ to 300 watts
 Used in ___________,
overhead lights, outdoor lights
Incandescent Bulbs
Halogen Bulbs
 Special type of incandescent bulb
 Filled with pressurized ____________
gas, which makes it more efficient than
a regular bulb.
 Usually ___________ than a regular
bulb, produces a ___________ and
more intense light
 More _________ but last longer
 Can become very hot (________F),
can cause burns
Halogen Bulb
Fluorescent Bulbs
 Light that is produced when chemicals
inside a sealed glass tube transform
______________ rays
 Produce various color casts
 Usually are long _________ tubes, but
can also be __________ and U-shaped
 Can produce up to _____times the light
of a standard bulb of the same wattage
Fluorescent Bulbs
Fluorescent (con’t)
 Look for the new
___________fluorescent bulbs (CFL)
 These screw into regular light bulb
sockets
 Cost ________ but last longer
 Cannot be used with _______switches
or electronic timers
CFLs
Light Emitting Diodes LED
 This diode is a __________ “chip”
about the size of a grain of salt and
made of crystals.
 An LED bulb can last _________ hours
OR more (_____ longer than CFL,
133x longer than a regular bulb)
 Considered to be the next major
___________ in lighting.
 Just starting in residential use
 CAUTION: ALL 120 AND 240 VAC BULBS ARE
FOR USE WITH STANDARD ON/OFF SWITCHES
ONLY (unless specified as dimmable). Use with
any type of dimmer, relay or other control circuit
will VOID WARRANTY. LEDs are very sensitive
and subject to premature failure from electrical
noise spikes
Excessive heat will cause LEDs to fail prematurely.
They must be operated in an ambient temperature,
not exceeding room temperature, for maximum life
time. As the temperature rises above 75 degrees F,
the life time goes down. Active cooling, such as a
small fan, may be required if they are installed in a
small enclosed space without ventilation.
Fiber Optics
 Fiber optic lights are being used
primarily in ___________ and
for displays because they emit
no ________ and no ultraviolet
________
 Light flows through the glass
strands and is focused at the
________
Structural Lighting
 This is _______________ permanent lighting
 Fixtures and wiring are _____________ from
view.
EX: wall washers
soffit lighting
strip lighting
down-lights
valence lighting
cove lighting
cornice lighting
luminous ceiling panels
 ___________________________:
recessed ceiling lights that spread light
over a wall from ceiling to floor
 __________________________: light
source (usually a fluorescent tube)
mounted over a window and hidden by
window valence. Shines light both
upward and downward
 ________________ lighting: mounted near
the junction of wall and ceiling and directs
light downward. Used to highlight wall
hangings
 _________________ lighting: concealed
light source that directs light upward toward
the ceiling. Gives appearance of added height
 __________________________: direct a
beam of light from ceiling downward. Can be
accent or general lighting. Flush with ceiling
 _________________: light enclosed in box-like
structure that directs light downward. Usually a
plastic panel diffuses the light, often used over
kitchen and bathroom sinks
 __________________________: consist of a
row of incandescent bulbs around top or sides
of mirror in baths
 ___________________________: plastic
panels covering fluorescent tubes. May cover
all or part of ceiling, provides general light
Non-structural Lighting
 Consists of fixtures that can be
______________ or replaced. Various
ceiling and wall fixtures as well as
portable _____________.
 Consider __________ lighting, wall
sconce, chandeliers, hanging
pendants, lamps of all types and sizes.
 Can use all types of bulbs.
Lighting for Safety
 Prevents ______________ that occur in
dim light or darkness
 Make sure all fixtures have
___________ seal that shows that
fixture meets safety guidelines.
 Make sure ___________ wiring meets
local and state electrical safety codes
 Do not __________ outlets with too
many lights. Can overload circuit and
blow fuses or start fires in worst case
Safety Issue in Lighting
 Are there switches at each
___________ into rooms
 Light at ___________ of home
 Light switch at ________ & bottom of
stairs
 Are there controls for
__________/carport lighting from
___________ the house
 Can you control outside lighting from
inside the house
Future of Residential and
Non-residential Lighting
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Lighting," he observes, "can now be flatter, slimmer, neater, and more
diffuse. It's just a completely new world."
It certainly is – particularly when you consider that lighting can now take
on a role, which in the past, your paint or wallpaper might have fulfilled.
"Once you've got relatively neutral colors on your wall, then how that wall
appears is much more down to the lighting," says Mike. This makes the
interior design of your home a much more flexible thing – something that,
unlike paint, can be switched off or changed according to your mood.
Such integration of light into our home decoration is something that we
can expect to see more of in the future, says Ray Molony, chairman of the
judges at this year's Lighting Design Awards, who, alongside increased
use of LEDs, expects to see lighting "built into furniture and surfaces" with
"more controls for energy saving and creating moods."
LED lighting might be energy efficient, flexible and long lasting, but it still
has a way to go before the quality and output is up there with halogens,
says Andrew Johnson, Associate at Bruce Munro Ltd, and that puts people
off. It’s not only that. With LED lights around five to ten times as expensive
as halogens, they are still far too pricey for the average home owner.
The good news is that you shouldn't have too long to wait before these
problems are rectified. As Mark Major says, "The rate of development is
just incredible. I have no doubt at all that within the next few years, LEDs
will be quite common place."
Emily Jenkinson is interiors writer for furniture and interior design website
mydeco.com.