Civilization in Southeast Asia
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Transcript Civilization in Southeast Asia
Geography and cultural influences
Agricultural or trading economies
Geography
Between China and India
Two parts:
Mainland region from the Chinese border to the tip of the
Malay Peninsula.
Archipelago= Chain of islands
Present-day Indonesia and the Philippines
“Golden Region”, or “Golden Islands”
Densely populated and highly advanced.
Several mountain regions and river valleys.
Might explain why SE Asia is one of the few regions in
Asia that was never unified under a single government.
Formation of States
500-1500 states developed in SE Asia.
Used models from China and India.
Vietnam
Conquered by China in 111 B.C.
Chinese wanted to make Vietnam part of China
10th century Vietnam finally overthrew Chinese rule.
Took Chinese model of centralized government.
Called Dai Viet (Great Viet).
Adopted Confucianism
Used Civil Service examination
Angkor
Present-day Cambodia
Jayavarman= united the Khmer (kuh-MEHR) people.
Crowned god-king of his people.
Destroyed by the Thai in 1432.
Thailand
Appeared in 6th century as frontier people in China.
11th-12th century moved southward.
Set up capital at Ayutthaya (ah-YU-tuh-yuh).
Converted to Buddhism
Borrowed Indian political practices.
Burma
People who had migrated from the highlands of Tibet
in 7th century A.D. (probably to escape the Chinese
armies)
Pastoral people, but adopted farming when arriving in
SE Asia.
Founded Pagan (pah-GAHN)
Converted to Buddhism
Adopted Indian political institutions and culture.
The Malay World
Tied to the trade that passed from East Asia in the Indian
Ocean.
Numerous separate communities
Two organized states emerged:
Srivijaya (SHREE-vih-JAY-uh)
Dominated the trade route passing through the Strait of Malacca,
Wealth = Depended on trade
Kingdom of Sailendra
Emerged in eastern Java.
Wealth= Depended primary on farming
Both influenced by Indian culture!
Melaka
Islamic state around 1400
A peninsula between the Indian Ocean and the South
China Sea.
Major trade port.
The entire population of the region was converted to
Islam and become part of the Sultan of Melaka.