My Brother Martin by Christine King Farris illustrated by Chris Soentpiet Compiled by: Terry Sams PES Melissa Guinn PES

Genre: Study Skills Biography Comprehension Skill: Cause and Effect Comprehension Strategy: Answer Questions Comprehension Review Skill: Fact and Opinion Vocabulary: Word Structure—Endings

Summary Few people know about what Martin Luther King, Jr. was like as a child. His older sister, Christine, tells stories of their childhood, full of love and fun. She remembers when her little brother “M.L.” told their mother, “One day, I am going to turn this world upside down.”

Genre :

Biography A biography is the story of a real person’s life as told be someone else. In this biography, a sister shares childhood memories of her younger brother. Why do you think she chose to tell about these experiences?

Comprehension Skill Cause and Effect The effect is what happens. The cause is why it happens.

Clue words such as because , so , therefore , and as a result can signal causes and effects.

Sometimes one effect becomes the cause of another effect, which causes another, and so on. This is called a chain of events .

Practice Cause and Effect PB 253 1.Cause

Jack’s textbooks are old and damaged.

2.Effect 3.Effect

 

Cause Jack’s mother complains to the principal, who cannot help.

Cause She visits a lawyer, and he files a lawsuit for her.

Practice Cause and Effect PB 253 4.Effect

A judge decides in Jack’s favor.

5.When do you think this fictional story takes place? Use the information from the text and your prior knowledge to answer the question.

The story probably takes place in the early days of the Civil Rights Movement.

Comprehension Strategy read.

Answer Questions Good readers can answer questions about what they Sometimes the answer to a question will be in one place in the text and sometimes it will be in several places.

Sometimes you must combine what you read with what you already know.

Comprehension Review Skill Fact or Opinion A fact is a statement that can be proven either true or false.

An opinion based on someone’s judgment , is a statement belief , or way of thinking .

Vocabulary Skill: Word Structure—Endings Sometimes the ending –ed or –ing is added to a verb or the ending –s is added to a noun. If a word with one of these endings seems hard for you, try the following:

Vocabulary Skill: Word Structure—Endings

–Cover the ending and identify the

base form of the verb or noun.

–Do you know this word? If you do,

think about its meaning. Picture the action the verb describes.

–If you do not, check the words

around the word. Try to find clues that can help you figure out the meaning.

–Check to see if the meaning makes

sense in the sentence.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659e

Conjunctions are connecting words such as

and

,

but

and

or

. They can be used to join words, phrases, or sentences.

Use

and

to add information, or to join related ideas: They played soccer and tag.

Grammar Skill – Conjunctions TE 659e

Use but to join different ideas: Some people were kind,

but

others were mean.

Use

or

to suggest a choice: We can fight,

or

along.

we can get

Research Skill Note Taking TE 659L As you read, take notes to help you understand and remember the text.

Notes should be brief and focus on the most important information. Use keywords, phrases, or short sentences.

Paraphrase, or restate, someone’s idea using your own words.

Research Skill Note Taking TE 659L Synthesize, or combine, information from different parts of the text or from tow or more texts. Look for ideas that go together. Add your own thoughts. Record findings in an organized way, such as a graphic organizer, a summary, or an outline. Include information about sources you read.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259-260 How is this article organized?

chronologically Paraphrase the first sentence in the article.

Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood the value of equal rights.

Why is it important to take note of the fact that Chavez was a migrant worker? It led him to do the work he did as an a adult fighting for civil rights.

Is the detail about Chavez joining the U.S. Navy important enough to include in your notes? Why or why not?

No, because the article doesn’t focus on what he did in the navy.

5.

6.

7.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259-260 What did Chavez do with the Community Service Organization? He spoke out against discrimination and encouraged voting.

What methods of peaceful protest did Chavez use? strikes, fasts, urging people to stop buying certain products Why is it important to write down only the most important ideas when note taking?

If I wrote down every idea and every detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the author’s main ideas.

8.

9.

10.

Research Skill Note Taking WB 259-260 When taking notes for a report, it is important to write down the title and author of the book or article you are reading. Why do you need to do this? I might need to go back to what I was reading to check for more information.

Describe a graphic organizer you might use to organize your notes.

I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez in a center circle and write important details about his life in surrounding circles.

Copy a section of your notes from the article in the lines below.

born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant farmer; fought for rights of Latinos

Weekly Fluency Check Phrasing TE 659a

●

Read aloud “A Class of One”. Explain that you will group words that make sense together.

●

Partners read aloud p. 651, paragraph 1, three times. Group words into meaningful phrases. Give each other feedback.

Fun Stuff and Practice Review Cause and Effect Cause and Effect Introduction Conjunctions Fact and Opinion Introduction Fact and Opinion Review Fact and Opinion Game Martin Luther King PowerPoint Time Line Good Sentence Review PowerPoint

Question of the Week TE 638m

How can words change people’s lives?

Day 2 Question of the Day What new or surprising information about Martin Luther King, Jr. does this biography give?

Day 3 - Question of the Day How do Martin Luther King, Jr. s’ experiences show the power or words to change the world?

Day 4 - Question of the Day - Review Why do you think poems by young people were paired with the biography of Martin Luther King, Jr.?

Review Questions 1. What is an opinion about Martin’s father?

2. What is the main idea of the selection?

3. Is it a fact or an opinion that the King children played with two white boys?

4. How were the King’s children and the two white boys alike?

5. What was the result of the King’s losing their friends?

Review Questions 6. Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. tell his mother that he would “one day (…) turn the world upside down?” 7. What did M.L. and his father have in common?

8. Why did the father refuse to buy shoes from a store owner?

9. What does the sentence, “These stories were as nourishing as the food that was set before us,” mean?

Review Questions 10. What was M.L. ‘s dream?

11. Why did the author write the story?

12. How does the picture on page 654 show the difference that M.L. made?

Vocabulary - Say It ancestors avoided generations minister numerous pulpit shielding

More Words to Know confronted injustice nourishing demonstrating integrate sympathy

ancestors

people from whom you are descended, such as your great-grandparents

avoided

of kept away from; kept out of the way

generations

periods of about thirty years, or the time from the birth of one generation to the birth of the next generation

minister

member of the clergy; spiritual guide; pastor

numerous

very many

pulpit

platform or raised structure in a church from which the minister preaches

shielding protecting; defending

confronted

faced boldly, opposed

injustice

lack of justice, fairness, lawfulness

nourishing

keep well-fed and healthy; producing health and growth

demonstrating

taking part in a parade or meeting to protest or to make demands

integrate

to make public places available to people or all races on an equal basis

sympathy

agreement; approval; favor

Ministers often preach from behind a pulpit.

Ministers behind a often preach from pulpit

.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations .

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

Norman Rockwell’s “The Problem We All Live With”

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

Link

Slaves who had run away avoided places where they could be recognized by anyone.

Slaves who had run away could be anyone.

avoided places where they recognized by

Writing Assignment Write and announcement promoting some fictional event using as many of the spelling words as possible.

The event may be a play, a contest or a sporting event.

Spelling Words

stom a ch mem o ry Can a d a e lement myst e ry

Schwa

sci e nce rememb e r f o rget s u ppose ir o n

Spelling Words

grav e l diffic u lt fort u ne gi a nt arch i tect

Schwa

norm a l not i fy priv i lege cem e nt y e sterday Different dictionaries may show different vowels for the schwa sound.

CHALLENGE r i dic u lo u s syll a bl e magnif i c e nt a spar a g u s cinn a m o n

Academic Vocabulary-Reading

Outline – a brief summary or plan often in numbered divisions Proofread Thesaurus – to read over and fix mistakes – book of words and their synonyms Title page – page of a book bearing the title Sentence fragment – occurs when subject, verb, or main clause is missing

This Week’s Word Wall Words

Click and type your own words for this week:

Let’s review our Spelling words. Watch carefully because they will flash on the screen for just a moment. We can clap as we spell the word, or we might just practice reading the words.

stomach

memory

Canada

mystery

remember

forget

giant

architect

normal

notify

privilege

cement

yesterday

ridiculous

syllable

asparagus

syllable

magnificent

cinnamon

reaction

suppose

iron

gravel

difficult

science

1.

2.

Daily Fix-It Day 1 Why is it important to rimember the lessons of history.

If we do'nt remember history we may make the same mistakes.

1.

2.

Daily Fix-It Day 1 Why is it important to remember the lessons of history ?

If we don’t remember history , we may make the same mistakes.

3.

4.

Daily Fix-It Day 2 Violence is dramatic, and nonviolence is often effectiver.

Its diffecult not to fight back when others are fighting you.

3.

4.

Daily Fix-It Day 2 Violence is dramatic, but nonviolence is often more effective .

It's difficult back when others are fighting you.

not to fight

5.

6.

Daily Fix-It Day 3 Men, woman, but children fought for rights of black Americans.

They marched threw the streets, in protest.

5.

6.

Daily Fix-It Day 3 Men, women Americans.

, and children fought for rights of black They marched through the streets in protest.

7.

Daily Fix-It Day 4 Rev. King dream that the world would be a more good place.

8.

Parts of his dream comed true, there is still work to be done.

7.

Daily Fix-It Day 4 Rev. King the world would be a better dreamed place.

that 8.

Parts of his dream came true . There is still work to be done.

9.

Daily Fix-It Day 5 King was a great american, and a day is named in her honor.

10.

At our school we always reads one of Kings speeches.

9.

Daily Fix-It Day 5 King was a great American , and a day is named in his honor.

10.

At our school we always read one of King's speeches.