Transcript Intellectual Property Management: Key to Successful R&D Strategies Muscat, February 16, 2005 Intellectual Property and Economic Development Division Roya Ghafele, e-mail: [email protected].

Intellectual Property Management:
Key to Successful R&D Strategies
Muscat, February 16, 2005
Intellectual Property and Economic Development Division
Roya Ghafele, e-mail: [email protected]
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 2
The Main Take Away
IP Management allows to better handle risks & uncertainties related
to R&D & facilitates the interaction between the public & the private
sector. Inadequate approaches to IP Management may hence be
considered one of the major factors why the full potential of R&D
remains unexploited.
Governments have different public policy choices at their disposal to
manage IP. No matter which approach is chosen essential regulatory
settings ask for a clarification of ownership of IP created, the
establishment of IP Management Centers & apt financial schemes for
and within public research institutions.
Oman is well aware of these trends; may however emphasize
stronger on the IP Management dimension.
Source:
R.Ghafele
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 3
AGENDA
The Relevance of R&D for Prosperity
Approaches to IP Management in R&D
Framework of Action
Source:
R.Ghafele
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 4
R&D Activity in Selected Countries
Country GDP/capita
Annual
Growth Rate
(‘90-’02)
R&D
Spending in
% of GDP
(‘90-’01)
Tertiary
Science
Students
(‘94-’97)
India
4%
20.3%
25%
Oman
2.2%
7.4%
31%
Iran
2.2%
18.5%
36%
Lebanon 3.1%
2.9%
N/a
Egypt
3.7%
N/a
2.5%
Source:
R.Ghafele , UNDP Human Development Indicators 2004
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 5
R&D is a Source of Wealth, yet Leveraging
its Full Potential can be Challenging
Brain Drain
R&D perceived as
a luxury
Insufficient
cross-sectoral
learning
Unclear mission of
universities
Impact categories of R&D
Engine of
economic
growth
Little knowledge
about IP
Source:
R.Ghafele , UN MDG Task Force on STI
Creates
Employment
Improves
public
health
Enhances
nutritional
patterns
Fights
Desertification
Loneliness
syndrome
No IP
Management
Petrol
based trade
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 6
AGENDA
The Relevance of R&D for Prosperity
Approaches to IP Management in R&D
Framework of Action
Source:
R.Ghafele
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 7
Intellectual Property is key in R&D
R&D
IP
• Risky
• Uncertain
• Costly
• Explorative
• Complex
Source:
R.Ghafele
• Hedges against risk
• Rewards discovery
• Attributes ownership
• Facilitates knowledge
trade
• Codifies knowledge
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 8
R&D with and without IP protection
• Owner decides what to do with research:
IP can be gifted, donated, sold, licensed
• Both basic and advanced R&D may be
promoted
IP protected
R&D
Source:
R.Ghafele
• R&D Findings
are available for
free to business
• Basic R&D may
not get further
developed
IP Management
in R&D
R&D Functions as a Public- Private Partnership,
Chart 9
where Interaction mainly Happens through IP
R
Basic
research
Source:
R.Ghafele , Carlo Carraro
Early stage
product
development
Spillovers
through IP
&
D
Markets
of little
relevance
Applied
research
Market
driven
Bring products
to the
market
Return
on
Investment
with
Equity
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 10
AGENDA
The Relevance of R&D for Prosperity
Approaches to IP Management in R&D
Framework of Action
Source:
R.Ghafele
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 11
Approaches to IP Management...
Options for Managing the Profit Motive
Not for Profit
Approach
• Private &
public funds
• IP donated for
sake of
enhancing
public welfare
Source:
R.Ghafele , Antony Taubmann
Commercial
Approach
• Strong
incentives for
private
investments in
R&D
• Relies on market
mechanisms to
foster innovation
Hybrid Public/
Private Approach
• Merges public
& private sector
expertise &
investment
• Amalgam of
commercial &
non commercial
mechanisms
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 12
… and Corresponding Basic Regulatory
Settings
Predictable and Reliable IP Regulation
• Corresponding institutions that work efficient & effective
• Clear ruling on who owns IP created in public research
IP Management Centers
within Public Research
• Act under public welfare
paradigm
• Take away administrative
burdens from researchers
• Promote IP aware research
culture
• Trade IP in an equitable
way
Source:
R.Ghafele
Apt Financial Schemes
• Debt & equity Finance
available on the basis of IP
• Granting schemes for
obtaining IP protection
• IP as a funding criteria for
advanced research
IP Management
in R&D
Chart 13
Possible Practical Next Steps
• Be very specific about the ownership of IP that is created
within Public Research Institutions
• Build awareness among the R&D community of the
advantages and possible pitfalls of using the IP system
• Expand the establishment of IP Management Centers within
Public Research Institutions
• Allow researchers to get access to funding on the basis of IP
• Make IP protection affordable to everyone; either by bringing
down costs or further fostering grants for the protection of IP
Source:
R.Ghafele