Transcript New Developments Relating to Linking Metadata Metadata Practices on the Cutting Edge May 20, 2004 Chuck Koscher Technology Director, CrossRef [email protected] Chuck Koscher, CrossRef.

New Developments Relating
to
Linking Metadata
Metadata Practices on the Cutting Edge
May 20, 2004
Chuck Koscher
Technology Director, CrossRef
[email protected]
Chuck Koscher, CrossRef
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CrossRef’s Mission

To provide services that bring the scholar to authoritative
primary content, focusing on services that are best
achieved through collective agreement by publishers
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Journals
Books
Conference proceedings
Dissertations
Patents
Gray literature
Etc…
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CrossRef Indicators
307 participating publishers
 290 libraries and consortia
 33 agents and affiliates
 11.1 million items, 9,500 journals
 6 million DOI resolutions/month
 >2.5 million DOIs retrieved per month
 ~300,000 records updated per month
 650,000 book and proceedings DOIs

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DOI links being ‘clicked’
DOI Resolutions
7,000,000
6,000,000
5,000,000
4,000,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
1,000,000
0
Jan-01 May-01 Sep-01
Jan-02 May-02 Sep-02
Jan-03 May-03 Sep-03
Jan-04
DOI Resolutions
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How DOIs & CrossRef Work
HTTP://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)80789-9
Constant address
of the Resolver
1
Publisher of the
target entity
1.
Publisher of the
referring entity
3
Referrer
Source
DOI used to ‘lookup’
the entity’s URL
2.
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3.
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User
Referent
Service
Target
4.
5.
6.
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Deposit article meta-data to
CrossRef with the DOI & URL
Query CrossRef for the DOI using
meta-data
Present the referring article to the
user with reference links active as
DOIs
The user clicks on a link
Their browser sends the link to the
DOI Resolver
The Resolver finds the URL and redirects the user to the target
document
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CrossRef Developments

Main CrossRef developments:

DOI lookups are now free
(costs shifted to the depositing publisher)

Article network via reference links has reached
critical mass (DOIs are mainstream)

Forward Linking (cited-by links)

CrossRef Search Cross-publisher full text search

Multiple resolution (the next thing)
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DOIs in Online Full Text
DOIs in Reference Citations
DOIs as Article Locators
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Publish Ahead of Print
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Forward Linking

Many publishers/hosting platforms offer this service
now but only for intra-site references. CrossRef
extends the reach to inter-site/inter-publisher.

Publishers deposit the list of references in the article
 An opt-in service available to CrossRef members

A new query to get the list of articles that cite
a target article
 Alerts will be sent when a new article is
deposited that cites the target
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Forward Linking
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CrossRef Search powered by Google

CrossRef Search Pilot
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Cross-disciplinary, full text search of journals
and conference proceedings
Normal Google search with results limited to
authoritative scholarly content
Content also available in regular Google
searches
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CrossRef Search cont’d

Publishers have CrossRef Search boxes on their
normal search pages

Pilot to run through end of 2004
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Evaluation of functionality, ranking, end user feedback
DOIs used for indexing articles and linking from
search results back to publisher
Optional for CrossRef members – participation
in Pilot to be expanded in 2004
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Multiple Resolution

The user makes a choice
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Multiple Resolution

Construction of a ‘normal’ link Vs a multiple
resolution link
Single resolution link:
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5555/sample-doi">The Link Text</a>
Multiple resolution link:
<script src="http://www.crossref.org/MRServlet/milonic_src.js"></script>
…
<script src="http://www.crossref.org/MRServlet/MR/10.5555/sample-doi?
The%20Link%20Text">
</script>
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Multiple Resolution

Management of the underlying metadata
Single resolution link:
DOI => One URL, that being the location of the
article at the publisher’s site (default format)
Multiple resolution link:
DOI => URL of the article at the publisher’s site (default format, e.g. HTML)
+
URL of the article in other formats (Word, PDF, text..)
+
URLs of related links (journal home page, supporting data … etc)
+
URLs of other locations of the article (institutional repositories)
+
URL of services (rights procurement, document print ..)
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Multiple Resolution

How will it work?

CrossRef will define the framework
(menu taxonomy, policies, tools, procedures)

Target content owners will decide what they want on the
menus of their items (third parties must work with the
content owner to get their interests included in a menu)

Source content owners agree to use multiple resolution
style links (the menu content is not controlled by the
owner of the link, its controlled by the target of the link)
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OpenURL and DOIs/CrossRef
OpenURL and DOI are complementary technologies
CrossRef helps solve the appropriate copy problem by
providing a ‘reverse’ DOI lookup (DOI in / meta-data out)

http://doi.crossref.org/servlet/query?
id=10.1006/jmbi.2000.4282&pid=<USR>:<PWD>

CrossRef offers an OpenURL 1.0 compliant resolver
http://doi.crossref.org/resolve?pid=<USR>:<PWD>
&aulast=Maas &title= JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
&volume=32&issue=3 &spage=870&date=2002
(This resolver will redirect you to the target document)
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Metadata – Lessons learned

What does linking with metadata and the
movie The Matrix have in common?
 People Vs. the machines
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But what about standards?
 Standards do not address semantics
 Real world users can break anything!
Help me mister wizard?
 Collect more than you need,
you’ll figure out a use for it later
 History is important, keep track of it!
 Parsers catch <50% of the problems, lots of ‘utility’ programs
 Big drivers: Policy, governance,
existing practice
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IDF Metadata Interoperability
indecs Data Dictionary (iDD)
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CrossRef is a registration agency (one of nine globally)
for the International DOI Foundation
The IDF’s mission is to promote and oversee the use of the
DOI as a universal identifier (ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2000 )
As an identifier the DOI is powerful because of the
underlying metadata system
 A scaleable distributed registry
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IDF Metadata Interoperability
indecs Data Dictionary (iDD)

Each RA operates in specific sectors
 They have their own metadata schema

Through policy the IDF promotes inter-RA operability
 Definition of a kernel metadata set common to any DOI
regardless of sector applicability
 Construction of common tools (API) to access the registry
 Construction of a cross-schema map, the iDD
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IDF Metadata Interoperability
indecs Data Dictionary (iDD)
http://www.doi.org/factsheets/DOIDataDictionaries.html
Metadata interoperability means enabling
information that originates in one context to be used
in another in as automated a way as possible

The iDD is fully developed and is undergoing trials

What does the iDD do?
 A schema is input to the iDD by mapping its terms to a
structured ontology
 Metadata interoperability devices (exchange schemas)
are drawn from the iDD
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WWW.CROSSREF.ORG
Chuck Koscher
Technology Director, CrossRef
[email protected]
Chuck Koscher, CrossRef
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