Slide 1

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 2

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 3

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 4

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 5

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 6

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 7

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 8

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 9

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 10

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 11

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 12

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 13

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 14

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 15

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 16

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 17

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 18

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 19

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 20

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 21

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 22

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 23

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 24

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 25

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 26

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 27

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 28

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 29

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 30

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 31

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW


Slide 32

Chemistry 1.2

Slide
1 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

The first tools were objects
such as a stone with a sharp
edge. In time, people learned
to reshape these objects to
produce better tools.
Chemistry plays a key role in
the production of new
materials.
Slide
2 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Materials
What impact do chemists have on
materials, energy, medicine, agriculture,
the environment, and the study of the
universe?

Slide
3 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

Chemists design materials to fit specific
needs.

Slide
4 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

In 1948, George de Mestral
took a close look at the burrs
that stuck to his clothing. He
saw that each burr was
covered with many tiny
hooks.
In 1955, de Mestral patented
the design for the hook-andloop tapes. These are used
as fasteners in shoes and
gloves.
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide
5 of 31

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Materials

This story illustrates two ways of looking at the
world—the macroscopic view and the
microscopic view.

• Burrs belong to the macroscopic world, the
world of objects that are large enough to see
with the unaided eye.

• The hooks belong to the microscopic world,
or the world of objects that can be seen only
under magnification.
Slide
6 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Energy
Chemists play an essential role in
finding ways to conserve energy,
produce energy, and store energy.

Slide
7 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Conservation
One of the easiest ways to conserve energy is
through insulation. Insulation acts as a barrier
to heat flow from the inside to the outside of a
house or from the outside to the inside of a
freezer.

Slide
8 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

SEAgel is a modern insulation that is light
enough to float on soap bubbles.

Slide
9 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Production
The burning of coal, petroleum, and natural gas
is a major source of energy. These materials are
called fossil fuels. Oil from the soybeans is used
to make biodiesel.

Slide
10 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Energy

Storage
Batteries are devices that use chemicals to store
energy that will be released as electric current.
For some applications, it important to have
batteries that can be recharged rather than
thrown away. Digital cameras, wireless phones,
and laptop computers use rechargeable
batteries.

Slide
11 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicine and Biotechnology

Chemistry supplies the medicines,
materials, and technology that doctors
use to treat their patients.

Slide
12 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Medicines
There are over 2000 prescription drugs. Many
drugs are effective because they interact in a
specific way with chemicals in cells. Knowledge
of the structure and function of these target
chemicals helps a chemist design safe and
effective drugs.

Slide
13 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Materials
Chemistry can supply materials to repair or
replace body parts. Artificial hips and knees
made from metals and plastics can replace
worn-out joints and allow people to walk again
without pain.

Slide
14 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology
From 1990 to 2003,
scientists worldwide worked
on the Human Genome
Project. They identified the
genes that comprise human
DNA—about 30,000. The
discovery of the structure of
DNA led to the development
of biotechnology.
Slide
15 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Medicine and Biotechnology

Biotechnology applies science to the
production of biological products or processes.

Slide
16 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more
productive crops and safer, more
effective ways to protect crops.

Slide
17 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Productivity
One way to track productivity is to measure the
amount of edible food that is grown on a given
unit of land.
Chemists test soil to see if it contains the right
chemicals to grow a particular crop and
recommend ways to improve the soil.

Slide
18 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Chemists also help
determine when a crop
needs water.
If the genes from a
jellyfish that glows are
transferred to a potato
plant, the plant glows
when it needs to be
watered.

Slide
19 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

Agriculture

Crop Protection

Chemists sometimes use chemicals produced
by insects to fight insect pests. The plastic tube
wrapped around the stem of the tomato plant
contains a chemical that a female pinworm moth
emits to attract male moths. It interferes with the
mating process so that fewer pinworms are
produced.

Slide
20 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The Environment
A pollutant is a material found in air, water, or
soil that is harmful to humans or other
organisms.
Chemists help to identify pollutants
and prevent pollution.

Slide
21 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Identify Pollutants
Until the mid-1900s, lead was used in many
products, including paints and gasoline.
A study done in 1971 showed that the level of
lead that is harmful to humans is much lower
than had been thought, especially for children.
Even low levels of lead in the blood can
permanently damage the nervous system of a
growing child.
Slide
22 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

Prevent Pollution

The strategies used to
prevent lead poisoning
include testing children’s
blood for lead, regulation
of home sales to families
with young children, and
public awareness
campaigns with posters.

Slide
23 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Environment

The percentage of children with elevated blood
levels has decreased since the 1970s.

Slide
24 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The Universe
To study the universe, chemists
gather data from afar and analyze
matter that is brought back to Earth.

Slide
25 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

Chemists have analyzed more than 850 pounds
of moon rocks that were brought back to Earth.
Some of these rocks are similar to rocks formed
by volcanoes on Earth, suggesting that vast
oceans of molten lava once covered the moon's
surface.

Slide
26 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2

Chemistry Far and Wide

>

The Universe

The robotic vehicle Opportunity was designed to
determine the chemical composition of rocks and
soil on Mars. Data collected at the vehicle’s
landing site indicated that the site was once
drenched with water.

Slide
27 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 1.2.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

Slide
28 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
1. Choose the correct words for the spaces. To
meet the demand for energy, chemists find
ways to __________ energy and
__________ energy.
a. conserve, produce
b. conserve, use
c. produce, use

d. convert, store
Slide
29 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is an example of
biotechnology?

a. using soybeans to produce biodiesel
b. replacing diseased arteries with plastic
tubes
c. testing the lead content of blood
d. transferring a jellyfish gene into a potato
plant
Slide
30 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

1.2 Section Quiz.
3. To understand how a burr could stick to
clothing, George de Mestral had to take which
view of a burr?
a. chemical
b. material
c. macroscopic
d. microscopic
Slide
31 of 31
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

END OF SHOW