Transcript Nanoscience

Nanoscience
Chapter 6
GCSE Science
Chemistry 1
Chapter 6
GCSE Science
What is a
nanoparticle?
One million nanoparticles placed
side by side would span 1mm.
Macro…..
93
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Billion light years
The universe
telescope
Macro…..
100
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thousand light years
The milky way
(our galaxy)
telescope
Macro…..
13
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thousand km
The Earth
(our Planet)
telescope
Macro…..
320
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km
Wales
telescope
Macro…..
150
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metre
Millennium Stadium
telescope
Macro…..
2
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metre
Person
Eye
Macro…..
20
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cm
Science textbook
Eye
Macro…..
2
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cm
Your finger
Eye
Macro…..
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mm
1
Pencil point
Eye
Micro…..
microscope
300
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micrometer
Flea
Micro…..
microscope
40
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micrometer
Human hair
Micro…..
microscope
20
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micrometer
One blood cell
Micro…..
microscope
4
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micrometer
One Bacterium E-coli
Electron
microscope
Nano…..
400
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nanometre
One Flu Virus
(Influenza)
Electron
microscope
Nano…..
40
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nanometre
Molecule of protein
Electron
microscope
Nano…..
1
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nanometre
Molecule of
Carbon 60
Properties of Nanoparticles
The properties of substances
change entirely when in nano-sized
form.
Chapter 6
GCSE Science
e.g.
silver
Silver (macro)
Silver is a ductile and malleable
metal (slightly harder than gold). It’s
white with a metallic sheen capable
of high shine. It has the highest
electrical conductivity of any metal,
even copper, and so is used to coat
high quality electrodes/ electronic
connections.
Pure silver also has the highest heat
conductivity of all metals (diamond is
the only non-metal that’s higher).
Because it reflects well, it’s used as
a background for mirrors. Silver salts
react to light, and silver nitrate is
used in photographic film.
Properties of Nanoparticles
Silver (nano)
The properties of substances
change entirely when in nano-sized
form.
Silver in this form shows different
properties:
1) It’s antibacterial
2) It’s antiviral
3) It’s antifungal
Chapter 6
GCSE Science
In each of the above examples, the
silver nanoparticles prevent the
organism’s respiratory enzymes from
working, and so kills them in minutes.
Special socks are now available that
include silver nanoparticles in order to
heal conditions such as athlete’s foot.
Research has shown that silver can
also be used to treat many diseases,
from flu to HIV.
Using Silver Nanoparticles
The silver nanoparticles in this
sock kills odour causing bacteria
and keep the socks fresh!
Chapter 6
GCSE Science
Coating the inside of the fridge with
silver nanoparticles ensures that any
microbe is killed and keeps the fridge
clean hygienic and safe.
Nanoparticles in the washing
machine ensure that the clothes are
cleaned and disinfected.
Advantages and disadvantages of
using nanoparticles
Disadvantages
Advantages
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GCSE Science
Preparation of
certain catalysts
Could penetrate skin
and cause undesired
side-effects
Nanoparticles
There is a lot that we
don’t know about
nanoparticles at the
moment. Much more
research is needed
before their use becomes
widespread