Transcript Education in Britain Система образования в Британ

School and Higher Education in
Britain
Система образования в Британии
Евдокимова И.В.
ГБОУ СПО Российский колледж
традиционной культуры
Санкт-Петербурга, 2012
•
Steps of education in 20th century
The end of the
nineteenth century - the
free and necessary
education for the children
from 5 to 10 years.
•
At the end of World War
all education beyond the
age of 11 became
`secondary`.
•
About a fifth of all
children, chosen by
examination, went to
grammar schools to get
certificates at 16, and then
18.
GCSE
• General Certificate of
Secondary Education (GCSE)
was introduced in 1986.
• This was designed to give
possibility for children of all
types and inclinations to
pass some subjects
corresponding with their
talents.
• The certificates are awarded
on a basis, partly of course
work, and partly of work on
projects made by the
children.
School Year
• Pupils have the vacations in
Summer and start their
academic year in
September.
• The year consists of three
terms.
• The intervals between the
terms are formed by the
Christmas and Easter
holidays
• Summer Holidays last five
weeks.
• The schools are open
from 9.00 am. until 4.00
pm. all the week days
except Saturday and
Sunday.
Primary School
• The first two years
children spend on
informal development
of expression and ability
to concentrate. This
period starts at five
years of age.
• Often children stay with
the same teacher all the
time for this whole
'infant' period.
Secondary Schools
• To give the pupils equal
opportunities, the
authorities tried to make
the secondary schools of
equal standard.
• Parents may ask for their
children to go one school
rather than another.
• The old practice of
'streaming', or teaching
children in classes
separated according to
ability, is unfashionable.
But is still used.
Eton
•
• Over the past 100 years a rather small group of about
80 boarding schools had a great effect on the English
social attitudes.
• One of these school, Eton, is perhaps better known by
name outside its own country than any other school in
the world.
• It was founded by King Henry VI in 1440 and is
located across the Thames river from Windsor Castle.
• More than half of all peers who have inherited their
titles are old Etonians.
Religion Education
• The law requires that the
Christian instructions is
given in the ordinary state
schools.
• Nowadays, it takes the form
of the study of different
religions.
• On the other hand there
are some organized by the
Church of England, some
Roman Catholic schools and
several Muslim schools.
Higher Level Education
• Children who continue
their education after
sixteen, go to the 'sixth
form
• Those who hope to
continue after eighteen at
the universities or other
higher-level colleges, aim
to get advanced-level
GCSE certificates. They
are usually in three
subjects.
• Further entry to the
university is based on
the grades A, B, C, D
and E.
The Colleges and University
• In every small town there
is at least one college.
• Some of the students do
full time courses.
• Many have jobs and
attend classes in the
evening.
• Those students who pass
the examinations obtain
the qualifications of
Bachelor /of Science, Art,
Justice, etc/.
• Most people who
become BA, BSc, etc. do
so at the age of about
twenty-one.
• Degrees are classified.
PhD degree
• Some students continue to
study for degrees of Master
/of Arts, Science, etc./
which often need two
further years
of study, with examination
papers and dissertations.
• A minority go on further,
preparing thesis for the
degree of Doctor of
Philosophy /PhD/.
• England had only two
universities until 1820,
Oxford and Cambridge.
References
• http://eng.adelanta.info/news/england14/?pa
ge=2
•
www.educationvideo.ru
• http://www.sungreen.co.uk/ColefordGlos/Coleford-School-1951.htm
eng.adelanta.info
www.peacepiper.com
http://www.mpzxxx.com/
http://exchanges.state.gov/globalexchanges/fu
lbright-teacher-exchange-program.html
http://forum.exler.ru/arc/index.php?s=0&sho
http://shkolazhizni.ru/archive/0/n21392/%C0%E1%F1%EE%EB%FE%F2%ED%FB% wtopic=168415&st=4100
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