Transcript Chapter 1
Chapter 2
IT Concepts and Management
Overview for Today
► Project
MS #1 due Friday, Jan 30th
► Classifying Information Systems
► IS Architecture
► Managing IS Resources
Measuring Speed and Capacity
► What’s
a RAM? How do we measure it?
► Able to leap a TeraByte in a single bound…
► Faster than a speeding GigaHertz…
► What the *@!#% are you talking about?!?!
Any analogies to iPods? Other items?
Classifying Information Systems
► What
are some ways we might use to
classify or identify different information
systems?
Think of different places in an organization
where they might be used…
How they might be used…
Classifying Information Systems
► By
the type of support provided
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Management Information System (MIS)
Decision Support System (DSS)
Knowledge Management System (KMS)
1 Transaction Processing Systems TPS
► How
would you recognize a TPS?
► In general, a TPS can:
Initiate / respond to business transactions
Allow data maintenance
Primary focus concerns data
are TPS examples?
► TPS performance measures
► What
Visa: 3K/sec, Wal-Mart: 800M/day
Article on currency swapping
► Where
were the first TPSs installed in orgs?
2 Management Information Systems MIS
► Target
user is mid-upper mgmt
What do they need to know to do their jobs?
► Issue
reports to monitor, control, plan
Perform statistical analysis
Provide detail, summary, exception reports
Can be periodic or ad hoc
► Transforms
data into information
What is the source of the data?
3 Decision Support Systems DSS
► What
is the primary goal of a DSS?
What are some examples of tasks for which a DSS is
well suited? Not well suited?
What are some examples of a DSS?
► Whole
chapter coming up…
4 Knowledge Management Systems
► Capturing
organization knowledge is critical
People retire, move on to another job…
Take key knowledge with them!!
► Need
to smooth the transition to new worker
► Many barriers (tech & behavioral) to KM
projects!
► Whole chapter coming up…
Summary of IS Types
► There
are more, these are most common
► Categories are not always absolute!
Possible for a single IS to belong to multiple categories
►A
complex IS can contain smaller systems from
different categories
Information Architecture
► High-level
plan or blueprint
Hardware and networks
► To
design an architecture, need to know:
Business needs, objectives, problems
Existing information systems!
►
Sometimes harder than you think…
Architecture HW: Supercomputers
• China’s Tianhe-2 ---
• 54 Pflops (i7 is 70 Gflops)
• 3.1M processors
• 17,800 kW of power
• 1,024,000 GB RAM
•Geared to Specific Tasks
• Tremendous power
• $200,000 to Million$
Architecture HW: Mainframes
• Dominant in pre-1980’s
• ~Dozen processors
• Client - Server
• Multi-user, Corporate-wide
• Entry level: $200,000 +
Architecture HW: Minicomputers
• 1960’s – today
• $15k - $150k
• Multi-user, small
number of processors
• Client-Server
• Departmental IS
• Local Area Networks
Architecture HW: Microcomputers
• Introduced Oct 1981
• Client-Server computing
• Local Area Networks
Legacy Systems
► What
are they?
► What connotations / realities surround
legacy systems?
<- OR ->
Some Architecture at Bucknell
► Banner
Web
Runs on a minicomputer
Many GB RAM
~dozen processors
Size of two filing cabinets
► Netspace
Series of small minicomputers
Contains many TB of hard drive storage
Architecture at Chase Manhattan
► Merger
of Chase & Chemical bank
16M daily transactions 700 locations in 58 countries
60,000 PCs, 14 mainframes, 300 minicomputers, 1100
network lines, 1,500 applications
► Problem:
How to merge IS to support current
& future business
► Goal: give all cust real-time account access
► 3-Tiered Solution:
Global Infrastructure: WANs and satellites
Distribution Networks for specific Business Units
Various Access Networks
Managing IS Resources
► Centralized
vs. Decentralized vs. Distributed
What are some examples of each?
Benefits? Drawbacks?
► Architecture
must support the business plan!
What does this mean?
► IS
(article on web page)
is the lifeblood of the organization
When the IS is down, the company is
CLOSED!
LendingTree, Amazon, E-bay, many more!
Managing IS Resources
► No
standard rule for managing resources
Can have one centralized IS department
Can have multiple decentralized groups
Can outsource/cloud source
► Depends
upon
Size of the company
What they do as their primary business
Attitude of executive management
► IT
spending: 7.4% enabler, 4.7% inhibitor
Location of IS on the org chart…
Important Concepts to Know
► Classification
of Information Systems
By types of support (most important)
Other methods of classification
► IS
Architecture
Types of HW
Centralization vs. Decentralization
► Managing
IS Resources
For Next Time…
► Prepare
Minicases
► Milestone #1 due on Friday
► Read Chapter 12 on Strategic
Information Systems for next week
As usual, we will not be able to discuss
the entire chapter, so please ask
questions!