Period 5 1750 – 1914 20% of Test

1750 – 1914 What makes it different???

• Economics: – Western dominance of trade is clear and the world becomes smaller with new technologies and transportation.

– Industrialization creates huge separation between the world powerful countries and those that remain agricultural and “behind.” This difference is highlighted by

imperialism

1750 – 1914 What makes it different?

• • Political: – Political revolutions – for independence or political change – – The concept of the nation emerges Absolutism is challenged and the idea of democracy spreads Social: – Industrialization impacts: gender patterns and the growing middle class, but also increases the gap between the rich and poor – Labor systems change as slavery and serfdom become less prevalent

1750 – 1914 Industrialization

• • • Why did it begin in Britain? – Agricultural change and and Enclosures – New inventions – Natural resources and transportation – Economic and political stability Where did it spread? How did industrialization look in Russia and Japan?

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1750 – 1914 Industrialization – Impacts

Created a gap between societies Increased need for natural resources – was a reason for imperialism – led to the dependence on cash crops among non industrialized regions Global transportation developed to support the trade in manufactured goods and raw materials • Railroads • New sea lanes – Suez and Panama Canals Environmental Impacts • Land use and urbanization

1750 – 1914 Industrialization - Impacts • • Social Impacts – Urbanization – Gender “equality” ?????

– Social Classes – Labor systems – Immigration Political responses – Reform – Isms!

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1750 – 1914 Political Change

Sources of change: – Enlightenment Ideas – Those darn bourgeoisie Revolutions!

– American – French – – Haitian Latin America – (later) China – (and Russia is getting ready!)

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1750 – 1914 Revolutions

What makes the American and French Revolutions different?

What makes the Haitian Revolution different?

What are some of the reasons revolution spread to Latin America? How did the conservative reaction to revolution impact Europe? (Congress of Vienna)

1750 – 1914 Revolution - Impacts

• What made the outcomes of the independence movements in North America so different from the independence movements in South America?

– Political – Economic

1750 – 1914 Revolution - Limitations

• • • Women’s Rights Racial Equality? Social Equality?

1750 – 1914 Nationalism!

• • What makes a nation different from previous types of political entities? How did nationalism create changes?

– France – Italy – Germany

• • • • 1750 – 1914 What’s going on in those old empires? The Russian Empire – Catherine the Great the “Enlightened Despot” – Industrialization(?), Crimean War and Reform – Marxism The “Sickly” Ottoman Empire – Economic issues – Janissaries – Young Turks Austria-Hungary?

The Qing – From Kangxi to Opium – How did it happen?

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1750 – 1914 Imperialism

How did imperialism change over time in Africa? – Slave trade – “legitimate” trade – The Scramble How did imperialism change over time in South Asia? – The declining Mughal Empire – – Company Rule (to 1857) Direct Rule (to 1947) – Nationalism and the Indian National Congress

1750 – 1914 Imperialism

• • • • Economic Imperialism in China – – Opium Wars and Unequal Treaties Response: Taiping and Boxer Rebellions Economic Imperialism in Latin America Japanese – Avoiding Imperialism – The Meiji Restoration The US joins the fun