Transcript Chapter 22
Gotta Love Portugal The Manchu Bunch You Ain’t Oda Nobunaga Chapter 22 Big Ideas Notes and Parodies by Mrs. Ybarra Sketches done by Marissa Conner Mainland China • Remember the Mongols had overthrown the Song. • The Mongol dynasty that replaced the Song was the Yaun. • The Yaun used various ethnicities in the administration was grated on the nerves of the ethnic Chinese scholar-gentry. • The Ming overthrew the Yaun. The Ming • During the Ming, the Europeans came to visit. Among the items they traded was the potato. • The potato did in fact contribute to a population boom in China. • The Ming had to somehow support a quickly expanding population and keep the Europeans out. The Qing • When the Ming dynasty began its decline, the Manchu peoples of the northeast pushed into power. • The Manchu had a great army and they had a system for knowing who their supporters were. • Those loyal to the Manchu shaved their hairline back to center cranium and wore a queue (pony tail.) Compare and Contrast European intrusion into the African commercial system with their entry into the Asian trade network. • Similarities: – colonization- use of coastal and island trading forts to enter trade systems; inability to affect political development by conquest; introduction of fire arms The Portuguese • They initiated contact in Africa and Asia. • They attempted missionary work with limited success. • When the Asians first met them, the Portuguese had been at sea. They were smelly and unshaven. It was not common Europe to bath everyday anyway, but having been on the ships they were extra “gamey.” Portuguese Contact • Main land China had a strong central government when the Europeans arrived, making incursion into the mainland difficult. • The Jesuit missionaries were deemed somewhat acceptable by Kangxi because they were more intellectual. The priests were interested in Chinese culture which won them some respect. • Though the Europeans were seen as backward, the missionaries did show Kangxi a pair of eye glasses and he was impressed. Mainland Japan • By the late 1400s, Japan was in political chaos; The Shogunate had collapsed. • Oda Nobunaga was the first of the great unifiers (by force!) • He seized the capital of Kyoto and place the Shogun under his control Toyotomi Hideoshi succeeded him and moved the capital to Osaka. He further consolidated land and power. Tokugawa Ieyasu was a poweful daimyo of Edo and he succeeded Hideoshi. Tokugawa finished unification and took the title of Shogun. The early unifiers of Japan were interested in European guns. and Christianity was tolerated as a competitor to Buddhist political monks. Once Tokugawa finished unification, Christians were no longer useful and European influence was identified as a threat. Tokugawa forced all westerners out and those who didn’t leave fast enough were beheaded or slashed.