Transcript Blending evolution with revolution:

NEXT-GENERATION
LIBRARY DISCOVERY:
Overview + Recent trends and developments
Marshall Breeding
Independent Consultand , Author,
Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides
http://www.librarytechnology.org/
http://twitter.com/mbreeding
June 25, 2012
Computers in Libraries 2012
Abstract
Marshall Breeding will give an overview of the current scene in library discovery
services. He will review the major products and technologies and give an update
on recent developments and trends that libraries should be aware of as they
consider these products.
Challenge: Disjointed approach to
information and service delivery
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Library Web sites offer a menu of unconnected silos:
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Books: Library OPAC (ILS online catalog module)
Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal collections
OpenURL linking services
E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver)
Subject guides (e.g. Springshare LibGuides)
Local digital collections
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ETDs, photos, rich media collections
Metasearch engines
Discovery Services – often just another choice among many
All searched separately
Online Catalog
ILS Data
Search:
Scope of Search
Search Results
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Books, Journals, and
Media at the Title Level
Not in scope:
Articles
 Book Chapters
 Digital objects
 Web site content
 Etc.
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Next-gen Catalogs or Discovery
Interface (2002-2009)
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Single search box
Query tools
Did you mean
 Type-ahead
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Relevance ranked results (for some content sources)
Faceted navigation
Enhanced visual displays
Cover art
 Summaries, reviews,
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Recommendation services
Discovery Interface search model
Search:
Local
Index
ILS Data
Digital
Collections
ProQuest
Search Results
MetaSearch
Engine
EBSCOhost
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Real-time query and
responses
Discovery Products
http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl
Differentiation in Discovery
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Products increasingly specialized between public
and academic libraries
Public libraries: emphasis on engagement with
physical collection
Academic libraries: concern for discovery of
heterogeneous material types, especially books +
articles + digital objects
Discovery from Local to Web-scale

Initial products focused on technology
AquaBrowser, Endeca, Primo, Encore, VuFind,
 LIBERO Uno, Civica Sorcer, Axiell Arena
 Mostly locally-installed software
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Current phase is focused on pre-populated indexes that
aim to deliver Web-scale discovery
Primo Central (Ex Libris)
 Summon (Serials Solutions)
 WorldCat Local (OCLC)
 EBSCO Discovery Service (EBSCO)
 Encore with Article Integration (no index, though)
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Web-scale Index-based Discovery
(2009- present)
Digital
Collections
Search:
Consolidated Index
Search Results
ILS Data
Web Site
Content
Institutional
Repositories
Aggregated
Content
packages
…
E-Journals
Reference
Sources
Pre-built harvesting and
indexing
Web-scale Search Problem
ILS Data
Digital
Collections
Search Results
Consolidated
Index
Search:
Web Site
Content
Institutional
Repositories
Aggregated
Content
packages
…
E-Journals
???
Problem in how to deal with resources not
provided to ingest into consolidated index
Pre-built harvesting and
indexing
Non
Participating
Content Sources
Encore Synergy
Local
Index
Search:
ILS Data
Digital
Collections
ProQuest
…
Local Index Results
EBSCOhost
Local Index Results
Web Services
Remote Search Results
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
New Library Management Model
Unified Presentation Layer
Search:
Library Services
Platform
Digital
Coll
Search
Engine
API Layer
`
Consolidated index
Self-Check /
Automated
Return
ProQuest
EBSCO
…
JSTOR
Stock
Management
Other
Resources
Enterprise
Resource
Planning
Learning
Management
Smart Cad /
Payment
systems
Authentication
Service
The Discovery Services Market
Adoption of Discovery Services
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Next-gen catalogs or discovery services have been
around since 2002
Many mature products
Continuing to evolve and expand
Online catalog components of ILS products have
taken on many of the characteristics of discovery
layers
 Examples:
LS2 PAC, Polaris PowerPAC
Discovery Service Installations
Discovery Product
2007 2008 2009
2010 2011 Installed
Primo
12
37
53
506
111
914
AquaBrowser
55
339
64
69
74
254
Encore
72
72
109
56
72
326
46
77
58
88
236
50
164
214
407
75
100
251
7
12
22
39
Axiell Arena
61
57
33
76
Chamo
10
34
7
51
LS2 PAC
Summon
Enterprise
Civica Sorcer
16
EBSCO Discovery Service
Global Primo Installations
Summon Global Adoption
Expanding the Depth of Discovery
Citations / Metadata > Full Text
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Citations or structured metadata provide key data
to power search & retrieval and faceted navigation
Indexing Full-text of content amplifies access
Important to understand depth indexing
 Currency,
dates covered, full-text or citation
 Many other factors
Full-text Book indexing
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HathiTrust: 11 million volumes, 5.3 million titles,
263,000 serial titles, 3.5 billion pages
HathiTrust in Discovery Indexes
 Primo
Central (Jan 20, 2012) [previously indexed only
metadata]
 EBSCO Discovery Service (Sept 8 2011)
 WorldCat Local (Sept 7, 2011)
 Summon (Mar 28, 2011)
Challenge for Relevancy
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Technically feasible to index hundreds of millions or
billions of records through Lucene or SOLR
Difficult to order records in ways that make sense
Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for any
given query
Must rely on use-based and social factors to
improve relevancy rankings
Quest for Improved Relevancy
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Example: Ex Libris Primo ScholarRank
 Relevancy
tuned for scholarly content
 Uses bX data to assign score that reflects scholarly
importance
 Able to weight by disciplines and filter by other factors
for signed-in users
 Now available in Primo Version 4
Challenges for Collection Coverage
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To work effectively, discovery services need to
cover comprehensively the body of content
represented in library collections
What about publishers that do not participate?
Is content indexed at the citation or full-text level?
What are the restrictions for non-authenticated
users?
How can libraries understand the differences in
coverage among competing services?
Evaluating the Coverage of Indexbased Discovery Services
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Intense competition: how well the index covers the body
of scholarly content stands as a key differentiator
Difficult to evaluate based on numbers of items indexed
alone.
Important to ascertain now your library’s content
packages are represented by the discovery service.
Important to know what items are indexed by citation
and which are full text
Important to know whether the discovery service favors
the content of any given publisher
Open Discovery Initiative
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NISO Work Group to Develop Standards and
Recommended Practices for Library Discovery
Services Based on Indexed Search
Informal meeting called at ALA Annual 2011
Co-Chaired by Marshall Breeding and Jenny
Walker
Term: Dec 2011 – May 2013
Open Discovery Initiative stakeholders
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Libraries: provide discovery services on behalf of
their patrons
Publishers: provide content to be indexed by
discovery services
Discovery Service Provides: develop discovery
interfaces and populate indexes
ODI Project Goals:
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Identify … needs and requirements of the three
stakeholder groups in this area of work.
Create recommendations and tools to streamline the
process by which information providers, discovery
service providers, and librarians work together to
better serve libraries and their users.
Provide effective means for librarians to assess the level
of participation by information providers in discovery
services, to evaluate the breadth and depth of content
indexed and the degree to which this content is made
available to the user.
Summon
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Disciplined Scoped Searching
“With Summon, librarians can now easily create,
customize and embed discipline scoped search
boxes and search widgets in any web
environment—including research guides, course
management pages, collaborative research portals
and more—to provide users with the ability to
search for highly relevant materials from a
discipline focused setting. ”
bX Recommendation Service
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Makes associations among scholarly articles based on
data mined from OpenURL resolver logs
http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/category/bXUsageBasedServices
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Finds associations not apparent from keyword matching
or controlled vocabularies
New Services:
bX Hot Articles (Current Month)
 bX Most Popular Articles (Current Year)
 bX Journal Popularity Report (Previous Quarter)
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bX in Elsevier Scopus and Science Direct (limited to
Elsevier content)
E-book Integration
The rise of e-books
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Academic libraries: e-books included in aggregated
content packages
 E-books
used primarily for research and consultation,
not long reading
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Public Libraries: Subscriptions to e-book services
that provide an outsourced collection of loanable ebooks
K-12 Schools, Colleges, Universities: interest in
electronic textbooks
Integrating e-Books into Library
Automation Infrastructure
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Current approach involves mostly outsourced
arrangements
Collections licensed wholesale from single provider
Hand-off to DRM and delivery systems of providers
Loading of MARC records into local catalog with
linking mechanisms
No ability to see availability status of e-books from
the library’s online catalog or discovery interface
Technology Issues
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Access to materials controlled through Digital Rights
Management
Closed ecosystems that control content through
identity management and rights policies
Imposes significant overhead on the user
experience:
 Download
an install DRM components
 Establish user credentials in site trusted by DRM
 Works only with devices that comply with DRM
restrictions
BiblioCommons
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Pilot at Boston Public Library, NYPL
Based on intercepting HTML from Overdrive
 Project
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on hold until Overdrive Releases its API
Full e-lending capabilities within the discovery
interface
 Overdrive
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See:
http://www.bibliocommons.com/sites/default/files/
OverDriveintegrationcompanison.pdf
Polaris Library Systems
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Announced e-book lending integrated within Polaris
PowerPAC
 3M
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Cloud Library
Expect partnerships with other e-book providers as
APIs become available
Polaris e-book integration example
SirsiDynix eResource Central
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New product to facilitate management of e-books
and other electronic resources
Single click to read and download e-books
Initial partnership with Axis 360 from Baker and
Taylor
Device Agnostic
Interfaces must adapt to many devices
Decoupled Discovery?
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Decoupled interfaces emerged from broken online
catalogs
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Poor interfaces, inadequate scope
Inefficient integration between automation and
discovery platforms
New wave of more tightly integrated suites:
Ex Libris Alma > Primo / Primo Central
 OCLC WorldShare Management Services > WorldCat Local
 Serials Solutions Intota > Summon
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Still possible to decouple, but more effort, worse results
Next-Gen Library Catalogs
Marshall Breeding
Neal-Schuman Publishers
March 2010
Volume 1 of The Tech Set
Questions and discussion