Transcript Slide 1

Key words:
Paper 1:
51 – A*
44 – A
37- B
31 – C
25 - D
Tuesday, July 21, 2015
Overall:
51 – A*
44 – A
37- B
31 – C
25 - D
Paper One
4 mark Q – Describe:
• At least 2 developed sentences
• Try and write 3
6 mark Q – Do you agree?
• Analyse the content of the cartoon
• Evaluate the origin and purpose of the cartoon
• Include your own knowledge to say whether you agree
10 mark Q – Bullet points:
• Explain bullet points in order
• Say what happened
• Explain why this happened
• Assess impact on Q
• Explain why 2nd bullet happened due to 1st
Key term
German land lost in
ToV
Reparations
Lytton Report
Hoare-Laval Pact
Remilitarisation of
the Rhineland
Anschluss in 1938
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Describe what this was/impact
Key term
Describe what this was/impact
German land lost in
Polish Corridor, Danzig (port), Alsace-Lorraine – France, colonies to victors
ToV
Reparations
Lytton Report
Hoare-Laval Pact
£6.6b paid until 1989
Report sent by the LoN that took 11 months to come back
Secret pact agreeing to divide Abyssinia in favour of Italy
Remilitarisation of the First challenge to the ToV by Hitler. Would have retreated if opposed.
Rhineland
Borders France
Followed failed attempt in 1934. Improved relations with Italy (RomeAnschluss in 1938
Berlin Axis). Nazi disruption, plebiscite, 90% vote to join Germany
Pact between Germany and Russia. Divide Poland. Act as a buffer
Nazi-Soviet Pact
between two countries. German attentions on France only
Reasons for Iron
East/West, Communism/Capitalism, atom bomb, mistrust at
curtain
Yalta/Potsdam, Soviet troops in East, division of Germany
Poland (no free elections), Czechoslovakia (killed Masryk - seized power),
Soviet expansion
Hungary (opposition stamped out - 1948, Romania (king abdicates -1947)
Theory to stop Communism - $400m to Greece to help in civil war. End
Truman Doctrine
subjugation of countries
Support ruined economies with $13-$17b in aid to Western Europe after
Marshall Plan
Czechoslovakia – build industry and agriculture – “dollar imperialism”
Key words:
Paper 2:
51 – A*
44 – A
38- B
32 – C
25 - D
Tuesday, July 21, 2015
Overall:
102 – A*
88 – A
75- B
63 – C
50 - D
Paper Two. Section A
4 mark Q – Source suggest:
• At least 2 sentences from the source
• Inference and explanation as to what that means
6 mark Q – Explain why
• Several reasons (2/3 or more?)
• Explained using dates and detail
• Link to the Q
10 mark Q – Bullet points:
• Analyse content – what it shows
• Evaluate source (nature, origin, purpose) – why it is useful
• Analyse content – what does it not show? (use knowledge)
• Evaluate source – why is it a problem?
• Conclude
Paper Two. Section B/C
8 mark Q – Explain why:
• Several reasons (at least 3)
• Explained in detail
• Focus on the Q – motives behind industrialisation, not
impact of/or collectivisation
12 mark Q – Agree with interpretation
• Explanation of topic in Q – examples?
• 2 other factors needed
• Link between factor – cult of personality helped by
removal of old Bolsheviks in the purges because?
• Analysis of extent of each factor was responsible
• Substantiated conclusion
Reason
Explanation of why the Reds won the Civil War
Reds won
Lenin
Lenin organised the Bolsheviks to allow them to control the
central areas. Appointed Trotsky to control army
Trotsky
Formed Red Army. Inspired loyalty from troops. Organised
railways to move troops quickly to key battle areas
Aims
Bolsheviks – control Russia. Whites – re-instate Tsar, gain
wealth back, take power. Often argued and no clear leader
Foreign
help
Bolsheviks claimed Russia would be claimed by foreigners.
Peasants supported Bolsheviks
Freikorps
R/W para-military group,
formed out of former soldiers
without work. Disbanded in
lead up to Kapp Pursch
Stresemann’s
policies
Set up the
Rentenmark
Dawes Plan
1924
Locarno Treaty
1925
League of
Nations 1926
Kellogg-Briand
Pact 1928
Young Plan 1929
Sparticists
L/W group led by Rosa
Luxemburg and Leibkecht.
Mobilised workers in January
1919 to occupy Berlin. Stopped
by Freikorps
Kapp Putsch
Kapp planned to take Berlin
and seize power in 1920.
Gained support of former
Freikorps members
Explanation of how they helped Germany 1924-1929
Ended use of Reichsmark and brought prices of goods down.
$800m loan from America used to help rebuild German industry
– jobs etc. Agreed to discuss reparations questions
Agreed borders under the ToV in the West, and revision of
Eastern borders (Danzig) in a peaceful manner
Permanent seat on the Council. Recognition of power in Europe
Promise not to use war as a way of gaining control or settling
disputes.
Reduce reparations to $2billion over 59 years. Gradual withdrawl
Event
How it helped Stalin consolidate power
Censorship Not allowing any negative information to be released, ie eradication of
Kulaks who opposed collectivisation. Positive reinforcement of all
Communist values, ie, Stakanovites – Alexei Stakhanov who dug 100
tonnes of coal in a shift (14 times his quota)
Cult of
Censorship of anything that might reflect badly on Stalin
personality Propaganda everywhere - pictures, statues, continuous praise and
applause
Places named after him
Mothers taught their children that Stalin was ‘the wisest man of the age’
History books and photographs were changed to make him the hero of
the Revolution, and obliterate the names of purged people (e.g. Trotsky).
NKVD
Communist Secret Police set up in 1934. Used to terrorise any groups of
people who opposed Communist policy
Purges and 1934: Kirov, a rival to Stalin, was murdered. Although he probably
show trials ordered the assassination, Stalin used it as a chance to arrest thousands
of his opponents.
1934–1939, Stalin’s political opponents were put on ‘Show trials’, where
they pleaded guilty to impossible charges of treason (e.g. Zinoviev and
Kamenev 1936/ Bukharin, Tomsky & Rykov 1938).
Event
Why it helped Hitler become Chancellor
Actions of
Hindenburg, Von
Papen and Von
Schliecher
Coalitions led by Von Papen and Von Schliecher collapsed in quick
succession
Nazis largest party in November 1932 election, after V. S’s failure,
Hindenburg had no choice but to appoint Hitler. Felt he could control him
Wall Street Crash
Dire economic impact on Germany – millions bankrupted and unemployed
Rise of extremist parties – Communists and Nazis
Bankers and industrialists feared Communists, so supported Nazis and
pumped money into the party
Failure of Weimar
Nazi
Policy/Actions
Against Communists (bigger threat than Nazis) and abolish the ToV appealed
to many
Threats to opposition by SA and SS
Propaganda – Hitler’s effective speaking, promises targetting those
vulnerable (ie, jobless after WSC)
Weakness of
Weimar
Proportional representation - % of votes = % of power. Easier for extreme
parties to get power and a stage to be heard. Instability
Weak due to unstable policies and economy