Transcript The Roaring Twenties

The Roaring Twenties
A Booming Economy
• Efficiency and Power
• Automotive Industry: 5 million/year by
1929, 26 million autos.
• Chemistry and Avionics
• Radio and Film:
– 732 Radio Stations: 1927
– 20,000 theatres sell 100 million tickets a week
Corporate Measures
•
•
•
•
•
•
Consolidation: Oligopolies
The Open Shop
Welfare Capitalism
Union Decline
Wage Problems
Sick Industries
Warren G. Harding
Warren G. Harding (1920-3)
•
•
•
•
•
New Peace Treaty
Disarmament
Budget and Accounting Act of 1921
Working for Business
Corruption:
– Albert Fall--Teapot Dome Scandal
– James Daughterty--AG for Sale
Calvin Coolidge (and Sioux
Indians)
Calvin Coolidge (1923-8)
•
•
•
•
•
Fiddling While Rome Burns
Silent Cal
Pro-Business President
Public Finance
Farmers
Cities and Suburbs
•
•
•
•
Urban Growth
Great Migration
Barrios
Suburbs
Flappers
The Jazz Age
• Enjoyment of Prosperity + Regrets
• The Flapper
• Reaction to World War I -- The Lost
Generation from Steinbeck to Hemingway
• Freud
• Small Town Life
Harlem Renaissance
•
•
•
•
Twenties Prosperity in the Cities
Race Capital: Harlem
Art and Music
Depression
A. Phillip Randolph
• Writer for The Messenger in Harlem
• Founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car
Porters (1925)
• Forced defense jobs to stop boycotting
blacks (1941)
• Organizes March on Washington (1963)
Marcus Garvey
• Jamaican leader of Pan-Africanism
• Universal Negro Improvement Association
(1919-27), 30 branches in US, 500,000
members
• Black Star Line (1919)
• Deported for Mail Fraud
Entertainment
•
•
•
•
Jazz
Radio
Silent Movies
Professional Sports
Chicago Union Giants (a Black
baseball team)
Jack Dempsey, Heavyweight
Champion 1919-26
Urban/Rural Conflict
• Nativism--National Origins Act of 1924
• The Klu Klux Klan Returns
• Prohibition
–
–
–
–
Failure
Organized Crime
Successes
Post-Repeal
The Second Klu Klux Klan
Prohibition--Police Raid
Prohibition--Speakeasy
Prohibition--Organized Crime
Fundamentalism
•
•
•
•
•
Pentacostals
Prohibition
Immorality of the Cities
Literal Interpretation of the Bible
The Scopes Trial
Billy Sunday, Evangelist
Clarence Darrow and William
Jennings Bryan--Scopes Trial
Diplomacy, 1921-9
• Washington Naval Conference
– Five Powers Pact
– Four Powers Pact
– Nine Powers Pact
•
•
•
•
World Court
Kellog-Briand Pact (1928)
Nicaragua: 1926-33
War Debt Issues
The Election of 1928
• Al Smith (Democrat)
• Herbert Hoover (Rpublican)
• Hoover Wins, 22.4 to 15 million, 444 to 87
EV