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PAST TENSES HAZIRLAYAN:HÜSNÜ HİKMET AYDIN ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ İNGİLİZCE ÖĞRETMENLİĞİ-1 1090610136 SIMPLE PAST TENSE(Geçmiş zaman) FORM Affirmative Negative Question I You He She I You He She didn’t eat I You He Did She It We They ate It We They It We They eat? USE TIME EXPRESSIONS FREQUENTLY USED IN SIMPLE PAST TENSE yesyerday ago last week/month/year/summer then in 2000, etc. when while as soon as before after until, etc Simple Past Tense Geçmiş zaman, geçmişte belirli bir zamanda olmuş ve bitmiş bir eylemi ya da durumu anlatmak için kullanılır. E.g : Colombus discovered America in 1492. I went shopping last Saturday, but I didn’t buy anything. Geçmişte belirli bir süre devam etmiş ve bitmiş bir eylemi ya da durumu anlatmak için kullanılır. E.g : Yesterday I talked to my friends on MSN for more than two hours. … E.g : I stayed in the USA for two years when I was in high school. Geçmişte belirli bir dönemde tekrarlanarak devam etmiş olayları ya da geçmişte alışkanlık olarak yapılmış olayları anlatmak için kullanılır. Bu kullanım “used to” ile aynı anlamdadır. E.g : When I was on holiday, I got up at 10.00 every day. When he was living in Amstedam, he always rode(he used to ride) his bike to work. •Düzenli fiiller, geçmiş zamanda “-ed” eki alırlar. Düzensiz fiillerin ise geçmiş zamandaki halleri aşağıdaki listedeki gibidir. IRREGULAR VERBS Simple Present Simple Past Past Particible be was, were been become became become begin began begun bend bent bent bet bet bet bite bit bitten blow blew blown … break broke broken bring brougt brougt build built built burn burned/burnt burned/burnt burst burst burst buy bought bought catch caught caught choose chose chose come came come cost cost cost cut cut cut … deal dealt dealt dig dug dug dive dived dived do did done draw drew drawn dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen … feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found fit fit, fitted fit, fitted fly flew flown forbid forbade forbidden forget forgot forgotten forgive forgave forgiven freeze froze frozen … get got got, gotten give gave given go went gone grow grew grown hang hung/hanged hung/hanged have had had hear heard heard hide hid hidden hit hit hit hold held held hurt keep hurt kept hurt kept … know lay lead leave knew laid led left known laid led left lend let lie(down) lent let lay lent let lain light lit/lighted lit/lighted lose lost lost make made made mean meant meant meet met met … pay paid paid put put put quit quit quit read read read ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen run ran run saw sawed sawed/sawn say said said see saw seen seek sought sought … sell sold sold send sent sent set set set sew sewed sewed/sawn shake shook shaken shine shone shone/shined shoot shot shot show showed shown/showed shut shut shut sing sang sung sink sank sunk … sit sleep sat slept sat slept slide slid slid speak spoke spoken speed sped sped spend spent spent stand stood stood steal stole stolen stick stuck stuck sting stung stung strike struck struck/stricken swear swore sworn … sweep swim swept swam swept swum take teach tear tell think throw understand wake took tought tore told thought threw understood woke/waked taken tought torn told thought thrown understood woken/waked wear win wore won worn won … wind withdraw wound withdrew wound withdrawn write wrote written PAST CONTINIOUS TENSE FORM Affirmative I He was eating. She It We You were eating. They Negative Question I I He wasn’t eating. Was you eating? She she It it We we You weren’teating. Were you eating? They they USE TIME EXPRESSIONS FREQUNTLY USED IN PAST CONTINIOUS TENSE at 5 o’clock yesterday At 10 pm last night while as just as when Past Continious Tense Geçmişte belirtilen bir zamanda devam etmekte olan olayları anlatırken kullanılır. E.g : He was playing tennis at 11 o’clock yesterday. Were you still working at p pm last night? Geçmişte başka bir olay olduğu sırada devam etmekte olan olayları anlatırken kullanılır. E.g : While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes. Alex was studying while all his friends were playing outside. • Bir hikayenin içinde betimleme yapmak için kullanılır. Bu durumda zaman kelimeleri gerekli olmayabilir. E.g : The sun was shining, the birds were singing, and the wind was whispering in the trees. Little Red Riding Hood was walking happily in the forest. Nezaket ya da kararsızlığın bir ifadesi olarak kullanılır. E.g : I was wondering if I could borrow your car tonight. I was thinking that maybe we should go to the concert this weekand. DİKKAT : Non-progressive verbs Past Continious Tense ile kullanılamaz. Bu fiillerle Past Continious yerine Simple Past Tense kullanırız. SIMPLE PAST OR PAST CONTINIOUS Simple Past Geçmişte iki olay arka arkaya E.g : She watched on the computer and checked her e-mails. Geçmişte başka bir olay devam ederken olup biten eylem E.g : While I was walking in the park, I met an old friend. Past Continious Geçmişte iki olay aynı anda E.g : She was playing on the computer while her brother was watching TV. Geçmişte başka bir olay olduğunda devam etmekte olan eylem E.g : While I was walking in the park, I met an old friend. SIMPLE PAST AND PAST CONTINIOUS IN TIME CLAUSES Time Clause When As soon as After + Before Until While Simple Past Main Clause Simple Past … E.g : When she saw him, she smiled. She waited until he arrived. I brushed my teeth after I had breakfast. Before Charles went to Turkey, he read about it on the internet. Time Clause While As + Past Continious Just as When Main Clause Simpe Past … E.g : I saw some deer while I was hiking. As I was thinking about the project, an idea occured to me. Just as I was getting ready to go to work, it started raining. Time Clause While As + Past Continious Main Clause Past Continious E.g : While the teacher was talking, the students were taking notes. As I was studying in my room, my roommate was having a party in the other room. FUTURE IN THE PAST/WASWERE GOING TO Affirmative Negative Question I He She was going to eat. It I wasn’t going to eat. He She It I Was he going to eat? she it We We weren’t going to You were going to eat You eat. They They we Were you going to eat they USE Future in the Past : Geçmişten söz ederken o ana göre gelecekte yapmayı plandaığımız olayları anlatmak için kullanılır.. Türkçeye genellikle “yapacaktı, edecekti” şeklinde tercüme edilir. Söz edilen olayın daha sonra meydana gelip gelmediği anlaşılmaz. E.g : He was going to get up early. They were going to play football. Ancak bu cümlelerden sonra “but” ile bağlanan bir açıklama getirilirse söz edilen işin meydana gelmediği anlaşılır. E.g : He was going to get up early, but he didn’t hear the alarm clock E.g : They were going to play football, but it started to rain. WOULD Indirect speech ile yapılan cümlelerde “was / were going to” yerine “would” kullanılabilir. E.g : He said he was going to be late. / He said he would be late. I was sure he was going to win the race. / I was sure he would win the race. Geçmişte meydana gelen bir olayı hikaye ederken olması hemen hemen kesin olayları anlatmak için kullanılabilir. E.g : Boy entered the forest. He started to play with cones. He didin’t notice the sun set. He walked down the forest. Soon he would be lost. WAS / WERE ABOUT TO “Was / were about to”, “olmak üzereydi / yapmak üzereydi” anlamına gelir. E.g : The referee looked at his watch. The match was about to start. I was about to leave the house when the telephone rang. BİTTİ “Past Tenses” konusunu anlatarak sizlere faydalı olmaya çalıştım. Umarım işinize yarar ve “past tense” ile ilgili aklınıza takılan sorulara çözüm bulabilirsiniz. HEPİNİZE BAŞARILAR DİLİYORUM