Transcript World war I the great war - North Pocono School District

Chapter 6
Militarism
 Alliances

• Pre-War:
Triple Entente – France, Great Britain & Russia
Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary & Italy
Nationalism
 Imperialism
 Assassination

 The

Balkans
“Powder Keg of Europe”
 Assassination
sets things in motion
1
2
3
 Austria-Hungary declares war on
Serbia (July, 1914)
 Germany, an ally of A-H, to help.
 Russia, an ally of Serbia, fortifies its border with
Russia, an ally of Serbia, fortifies its border with Germany.
Germany.
Germany
declares
warwar
ononRussia.
Germany views
this as a threat
& declares
Russia.
France,
an allyan
of Russia,
wardeclares
on Germany.
 France,
ally ofdeclares
Russia,
war on
Germany.
 In order to carry out its plan Germany
declares war on Belgium – Schlieffin Plan
 Great Britain, an ally of both Belgium &
France, declares war on Germany.

Allied Powers – France, Great Britain,
Russia, Serbia, Belgium
Central Powers – Germany, AustriaHungary & the Ottoman Empire (Turkey)


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_leaders_of_World_War_I

Western Front
 Battle
of the Marne
 Battle
of Verdun
 Trench
Warfare
 No-man’s
land
 Stalemate
 Trench
foot
 Rats
 Machine
 Artillery
guns
field guns
 Tanks & armored cars
 Airplanes
 Submarines
 Poison gas
 America



Isolationists
Interventionists
Internationalists
 British

blockade
contraband
 German


divided
submarines
Lusitania
Sussex Pledge
 Zimmermann
Note

Building an Army
 Selective Service Act
 24 million registered for the draft throughout
the war
 4.8 million served overseas
 Shaping
a War Economy
 War Industries Board
 Bernard Baruch
 Regulated all
industries involved
in the war effort

Food Administration
 Herbert Hoover
 Set prices and
asked Americans to
conserve food
 “Victory gardens”
 Shaping

Public Opinion
Committee on Public
Information (CPI)
 George Creel
 “Sell the War”
 Printed and distributed
various pro-war
materials, lectures,
speeches, etc…
 Propaganda

Resistance to the Draft
Conscientious objectors

Women and Peace
Women’s Peace Party (Addams)
Women’s International League for Peace

Cracking Down on Dissent
Espionage Act & Sedition Acts
Schenck v. United States
Socialist leader,
Eugene V. Debs, was
arrested for making
anti-war speeches
 Difficulty
for German Americans

Anti-German movies

Harassment, beaten, killed
 Schools no longer taught German
 German measles – “liberty measles”
 Dachshunds – “liberty pups”
 Hamburgers – “liberty steaks”
Poster created by
the CPI to fuel antiGerman sentiment
 America

Gives the Allies the Edge
Convoys
 Revolution
in Russia
Vladimir Lenin
 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

 American


John J. Pershing
American soldiers – “doughboys”
 American





Troops
Offensive
Second Battle of the Marne
Battle of Cantigny
Chatteau-Thierry, Belleau Wood, Meuse-Argonne
& Saint-Mihiel
Alvin York
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/ww
one/launch_ani_western_front.shtml
 Fall
of 1918, the German front collapsed
 November 11, 1918 Germany surrendered in
a railway car in Compiegne, France
 Woodrow
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
Main idea was “peace without victory”
 Open diplomacy
 Freedom of the seas





Free trade
Reduce arms
Self-determination
League of Nations
 Paris
Peace Conference
 Big
Four:
 Wilson (US)
 Lloyd-George (GB)
 Clemenceau (FR)
 Orlando (IT)
 Wilson
looking for
peace while the other
leaders wanted
Germany to be
punished
 Treaty of Versailles






Boundary changes in Europe
Germany to disarm
Alsace-Lorraine back to France
Germany to make war reparations
http://mrknighths.weebly.com/pre-and-post“War-guilt” clause
League of Nations
world-war-1-mapcomparison.htmlhttp://mrknighths.weebly.co
m/pre-and-post-world-war-1-mapcomparison.html
 The U.S. rejects the treaty
 U.S. does not join the League of Nations
Influenza Pandemic – killed 550,000
Americans, 50 – 100 million
worldwide
 Displaced Workers
 Race Riots
 Inflation

 Red


Scare
Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
“Palmer Raids”
 Sacco
and Venzetti
Both men were put to
death on August 23, 1927
 Warren
G. Harding
 Republican
presidential candidate – 1920
election
 Campaign
slogan “Return to Normalcy”