Transcript API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP - ALRDC - Home

API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP
CHAIR - JIM BENNETT
EXXONMOBIL
TASK GROUP MEMBERS
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JACK BLANN
ERIC BRAUNER
JACK BRINK
JOE CLEGG
MEL COHEN
KEN DECKER
ED DEMOSS
CLEON DUNHAM
PAUL EADS
FAUSTINO FUENTES
BOB GRAY
ALI HERNANDEZ
NORMAN HEIN
KEN HILSE
JIM HOLT
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MIKE JOHNSON
ERIC LAINE
JIM LEA
WAYNE MABRY
JOHN MARTINEZ
SHAUNA NOONAN
HENRY NICKENS
MARK OGLIER
BOOTS ROUEN
ROGER STINSON
CINDY TUCKNESS
TOM VAN AKKEREN
TOMMY WHITE
HERALD WINKLER
BURNEY WARING
NEW MEMBERS NEEDED
• WORK ON RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
– OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, AND
TROUBLESHOOTING IS UNDERGOING REVIEW AT
THIS TIME
• SUGGEST OTHER TOPICS AND PUT TOGETHER
A TEAM TO WORK ON THE RP
– PRODUCTION PRESSURE OPERATED (PPO) DESIGN
– DUAL GAS LIFT INSTALLATIONS
• CONTACT JIM BENNETT TO JOIN
– [email protected]
LIST OF SPECs AND RPs –
11V1
• Spec 11V1 – Gas Lift Valves, Orifices,
Reverse Flow Valves and Dummy Valves
• Wayne Mabry – Work Group Leader
• Spec on gas lift valves orifices, reverse flow
valves, and dummy valves
• Will be replaced in the future by ISO
specification
LIST OF SPECs AND RPs –
11V2
• RP 11V2 – Gas Lift Valve Performance
Testing
• Ken Decker – Work Group Leader
• Covers the test procedures for flow
performance testing of wireline retrievable
and tubing retrievable IPO (injection
pressure operated), and PPO (production
pressure operated) gas lift valves
LIST OF SPECs AND RPs –
11V5
• RP 11V5 – Operation, Maintenance, and
Trouble-Shooting of Gas Lift Installations
• Cleon Dunham – Work Group Leader
• Covers RPs on kickoff and unloading,
adjustment procedures, troubleshooting
diagnostic tools, and location of problem
areas for gas lift operations
• The RP is in the initial phase of revision –
contact Cleon Dunham to participate
LIST OF SPECs AND RPs –
11V6
• RP 11V6 – Design of Continuous Flow Gas
Lift Installations Using Injection Pressure
Operated Valves
• Joe Clegg – Work Group Leader
• Sets guidelines for continuous flow gas lift
installation designs using injection pressure
operated valves
LIST OF SPECs AND RPs –
11V7
• RP 11V7 – Repair, Testing and Setting Gas
Valves
• John Martinez – Work Group Leader
• Applies to repair, testing, and setting gas lift
valves and reverse flow (check) valves. It
presents guidelines related to the repair and
reuse of valves; these practices are intended
to serve both repair shops and operators.
PROPOSED RP – UP FOR
APPROVAL – 11V8
• RP 11V8 – Gas Lift System Design and
Performance Prediction
• John Martinez – Work Group Leader
• The RP emphasizes gas lift as a system and
discusses methods used to predict its
performance. Information must be gathered and
models validated prior to a system design, which
must precede wellbore gas lift mandrel and valve
design. The subsurface and surface components
of the system must be designed together to
enhance the strengths of each and to minimize the
constraints.
RP 11V8
1.0
1.1
1.2
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Overview of a Gas Lift System
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Major Components of a Gas Lift System
2
A.
Gas Compression and Distribution System
B.
Subsurface Equipment
C.
Gas and Liquid Gathering System
Ways in Which System Components Interact5
Types of Gas Lift Systems
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Continuous Gas Lift 7
Intermittent Gas Lift 8
A.
Two-Packer Chamber
B.
Insert Chamber
Gas lift with Plunger 10
Gas Lift Tubing/Packer Alternatives 11
A.
Open
B.
Semi-Closed
C.
Closed
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Information Required for Effective Gas Lift
Fluid PVT Data
13
A.
PVT Data Available
B.
PVT Data Not Available
Flowing Pressure and Temperature Surveys 17
A.
Pressure Surveys
B.
Measured Temperatures
Production Tests
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A.
Test Accuracy
B.
Test Frequency
C.
Test Duration
D.
Flowline Purging
Gas lift Valve Performance Information
A.
Types of Gas lift Valves
B.
Valve Opening
C.
Valve Gas Passage Performance
Field Constraints
25
A.
Available Pressure for Injection
B.
Minimum Wellhead Pressure
C.
Maximum Gas Availability
D.
Other Constraints
13
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4.0
4.1
4.2
Well Deliverability
32
Basic Models 32
A.
Fluid Pressure Profile
B.
Gas Pressure Profile
C.
Temperature Profile
D.
Inflow Performance
System Models
40
A.
Production Rate vs. Bottomhole Pressure
B.
Production Rate vs. Injection Depth
C.
Production Rate vs. Injection Gas Rate
D.
Production Rate vs. Wellhead Pressure
E.
Effects of Deeper/Shallower Injection Depths
F.
Predicting Gas Requirements
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
Factors which Affect Potential Production Rate and
Gas Injection Requirement
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Casing Pressure and Gas Injection Rate
46
Depth of Injection
48
Casing, Tubing, and Flowline Sizes 49
Gas lift Valves
51
Reservoir Depth, Pressure, and Temperature 52
Well Inflow Productivity
53
Percent Water in Produced Fluid
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Solution and Free Gas in Produced Fluid
54
Operating Separator Pressure 55
Wellbore Deviation 55
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Other Gas Lift Design Considerations
57
Gas Supply
57
A.
Compressor Power
B.
Suction Pressure vs. Gas Lift Gas Requirement
C.
Gas Dehydration
D.
Chemical Additives
Gas Lift Gas Distribution System
67
A.
Trunk Line System
B.
Spider System
C.
Combination System
Injection Gas Measurement and Control
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A.
Gas Measurement Methods
B.
Gas Injection Rate Control Methods
C.
Automatic Measurement and Control
Gathering, Testing, and Handling of Produced Fluids
72
A.
Effects of Various Wellhead Designs
B.
Flowline Effects
C.
Effective Well Testing
Special Design Cases 73
A.
Dual Completions
B.
Annular Flow
C.
Lifting with CO2 or N2
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.3
9.0
9.1
9.2
9.3
Gas lift Optimization
76
Economic Basis for Optimization
76
Determination of Gas lift System Economic Costs and
Benefits
77
Implementation of Field Optimization
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What is Practical and What is Impractical 81
Computer Design Tools
Vertical Pressure Profile Models
A. Empirical Models
B. Mechanistic Models
Vertical Temperature Profile Models
Well Inflow Performance Models
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Operating Considerations
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Gas lift Operator's Problems 91
Design Strategies for Effective Long Term Operation 95
Check List of Gas lift System Problems and
Recommendations
96
API GAS LIFT TASK GROUP
TO VOLUNTEER- CONTACT
CHAIR - JIM BENNETT
EXXONMOBIL
EMAIL:
[email protected]