Emerging Wireless Standards

Understanding the Role of IEEE 802.15.4 & ZigBee™ in AMR & Submetering

George Karayannis

VP Sales & Marketing [email protected]

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Discussion Agenda

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AMR & Submetering Today

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Wireless Standards Landscape

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IEEE 802.15.4 Key Features

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ZigBee Key Features

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Implications & Opportunities

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

AMR Today

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Proprietary Systems

 Lack product interoperability & vendor independence  Submetering primarily for water in multi-dwelling units 

Drive By Networks

 Better than walk-by but lack real-time / ad hoc capability 

Fixed Networks

 Maximize RF distance to minimize cost & complexity 

Other Networks

 Ethernet / 802.11b, modem, CDPD / GPRS Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Low Data Rate Wireless Evolution First Stage

……… 2002 2003

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Proprietary Dominates

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IEEE 802.15.4 Emerges

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System Integrator Focus

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Leading Edge OEMs

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$.1 - $1B Industry

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$1,000 - $100 Unit Cost

Second Stage

2004 2005 2006

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Proprietary Fades

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ZigBee Emerges

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Semiconductor Focus

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Early Adopter OEMs

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$1 - $10B Industry

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$100 - $10 Unit Cost

Third Stage

2007 2008 2009+

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Standards Dominate

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IEEE 1451.5 Emerges

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OEM Focus

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Wireless Ubiquitous

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$10 - $100B+ Industry

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$10 - $1 Unit Cost

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Wireless Networking Standards

Market Name Standard Application Focus System Resources Battery Life (days) Network Size Bandwidth (KB/s) Transmission Range (meters) Success Metrics GPRS/GSM 1xRTT/CDMA Wide Area Voice & Data 16MB+ Wi-Fi™ 802.11b

Web, Email, Video 1MB+ Bluetooth™ 802.15.1

Cable Replacement 250KB+ 1-7 1 64 - 128+ .5 - 5 32 11,000+ 1 - 7 7 720 1,000+ 1 - 100 1 - 10+ Reach, Quality Speed, Flexibility Cost, Convenience

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

ZigBee™ 802.15.4

Monitoring & Control 4KB - 32KB 100 - 1,000+ 255 / 65,000 20 - 250 1 - 100+ Reliability, Power, Cost

IEEE 802.15.4 & ZigBee In Context

Application API Security 32- / 64- / 128-bit encryption Network Star / Mesh / Cluster-Tree MAC PHY 868MHz / 915MHz / 2.4GHz

Customer ZigBee Alliance IEEE 802.15.4

Silicon Stack App

– “the software” – Network, Security & Application layers – Brand management

IEEE 802.15.4

– “the hardware” – Physical & Media Access Control layers Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

IEEE 802.15.4 Overview

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Global Standard for Low Data Rate Networks

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Approved May 2003, Initial Products 4Q04

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Transmission Range of 30-100+ Meters

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Reliability, Simplicity, Low Power & Low Cost Focus BAND COVERAGE 2.4 GHz ISM Worldwide DATA RATE 250 kbps CHANNELS 16 915 MHz ISM Americas 868 MHz Europe 40 kbps 20 kbps 10 1

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

IEEE 802.15.4 Key Features

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High Data Reliability

 DSSS, bi-directional, message acknowledgement, low latency  Beacon mode enables Guaranteed Time Slots (priority comm.) 

Advanced Power Management

 Typical monitoring applications good for shelf life of battery 

Inherent Data Security

 Data encryption, message authentication, packet freshness 

Protocol Simplicity

 Designed for minimal cost & complexity Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

ZigBee Overview

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Specifications Managed by the

 Global consortium of OEMs, IC vendors & tech companies  Specify device, network and service discovery / pairing 

Defining Star, Mesh & Cluster-Tree Networks

 Allows users to balance system cost, reliability & battery life 

Defining Security Management

 Extends 32-, 64- & 128-bit AES encryption of 802.15.4

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Defining Application Profiles & Brand Compliance

 Ensures product & application interoperability (e.g., AMR & DSM) Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Star Network Key Attributes

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Simplicity

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Low Cost

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Long Battery Life

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Single Point of Failure Node Controller Repeater (optional)

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Mesh Network Key Attributes

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Reliability

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Extended Range

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No Battery Life

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Routing Complexity Router Node Controller

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Hybrid Network Key Attributes

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Flexibility

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Reliability/Range of Mesh

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Battery Life of Star

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Design Complexity Router Node Node Controller

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

Implications & Opportunities

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Provides Cost-Effective AMR Alternative

 Costs quickly falling from ~$25 to <$10 per module (10K qty) 

Enables Multi-Utility AMR Solutions

 Ideal for meter aggregation, submetering & load management 

Simplifies Generation & T&D Equipment Monitoring

 Remote data acquisition reduces costs & improves service 

Increases Industry Innovation & Competition

 ZigBee-based AMR, DSM, home control, building automation Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium

For More Information

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Email: [email protected]

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Phone: 760-845-6227 (mobile)

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Helicomm: www.helicomm.com

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ZigBee Alliance: www.zigbee.org

Mapping Your Future: From Data to Value AMRA 2003 International Symposium