Transcript Systems Support - Positive Behavior Intervention and

Working With Staff to Promote
Positive Behavior Support:
Recommendations and
Common Mistakes
Dennis H. Reid, Ph.D., BCBA
Background
Carolina Behavior Analysis & Support Ctr.
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Consulting
Service
Supervision
Research
Evidence-Based Consulting and
Supervision
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Why evidence-based?
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Key part of PBS with students … should
extend to working with staff
Importance well understood, but not
always practiced well
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Illustrated by issues faced by consultants
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Illogical when considering “no bad students . . .”
Qualification: default procedure
Importance of Staff
Acceptance
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Lack of staff acceptance of the consultant or
his/her recommendations often leads to
failure
Behavioral consultants have a poor history of
acceptance by nonbehavioral practitioners
Underlying PBS values: application with staff
The nature of consultation and supervision or
management
Management
(as defined in Webster’s 1976)
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To train (a horse) in its paces
To control the movement or behavior
of; handle; manipulate
To have charge of; direct
To handle or use carefully
To make docile or submissive
To get a person to do what one wishes
by skill, tact, flattery, etc.
Behavioral Outcome
Management
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Select student outcome
Specify staff performance
Train
Monitor
Support
Correct
Evaluate
Identifying Behavioral Targets
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When working with schools, consultants
have two client groups: school staff and
consumers
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Need evidence-based approaches for
student behavior change and working
with staff
Train Target Staff Skills
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Performance-based
Competency-based
Behavioral Skills Training
Staff Training Steps
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1.
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Explain rationale
Describe skills
Provide written summary
Demonstrate skills
Trainee practice with feedback
Repeat #s 4 & 5 until competency
Bottom-Line Rule
of Staff Training
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Training is not complete until staff
demonstrate proficiency in routine
work site.
Behavioral Outcome
Management
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Select consumer outcome
Specify staff performance
Train
Monitor
Support
Correct
Evaluate
Making Monitoring Acceptable
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Reid & Parsons (1995). Comparing
choice and questionnaire measures of
the acceptability of a staff training
procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior
Analysis, 28, 95-96.
Making Monitoring Acceptable
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Greet staff upon entering work site
Briefly explain reason for monitoring
Use common sense re proceeding
Provide feedback quickly
Acknowledge staff upon departing
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Also pertains to any consultant visit
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Behavioral Outcome
Management
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Select consumer outcome
Specify staff performance
Train
Monitor
Support
Correct
Evaluate
Supportive Management
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Set the occasion for proficient staff
performance
Positively support/reinforce proficient
performance
Feedback Protocol
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Parsons & Reid (1995). Training
residential supervisors to provide
feedback for maintaining staff teaching
skills with people who have severe
disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior
Analysis, 28, 317-322.
Feedback Protocol
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Begin with positive or empathetic statement
Identify skills performed correctly
Identify skills performed incorrectly
Specify how to change/improve incorrect
performance
5. Solicit questions
6. Describe next actions
7. End with positive or empathetic statement
Corrective Management
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Identify correct performance
Identify incorrect performance
Specify how to change/improve
incorrect performance
Systems and overall environmental
considerations
Summary: Importance of Positive
and Evidence-Based Ways of
Working With Staff
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Review of importance of positive ways
of working with staff
If not evidence-based, we as
consultants and supervisors often work
hard but flounder . . .
If we do not use evidence-base
approaches to working with staff
we often resort to . . .
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“The successful innovator uses
charisma, unflappable poise, humor,
empathic assertiveness, a sense of
timing, flattery, cajolery, persistence,
bird-dogging, perceptiveness, and
shrewdness.”
(Liberman, AIDD, 1983, 3, pg. iii)
Summary: Evidence-Based
Ways of Working with Staff
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Specify desired student outcomes and
corresponding staff behavior
Provide performance- and competencybased training
Monitor acceptably
Support and correct performance
AN EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY