Transcript Why Coordinated School Health

Why Coordinated
School Health?
Sondra Caillavet
MS Board of Education
Why?
If schools do not deal
with children’s health
by design, they deal
with it by default.
Health is Academic, 1997
Every day in Mississippi,
we have an opportunity to
reach…
494,590 public school students
 152 School Districts
 618 Elementary Schools/225
Secondary Schools
 Over 64,300 adults work as teachers,
school building staff, or school district
staff
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Why Coordinated
School Health?
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It is difficult for
students to be
successful in
school if they are:
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Depressed
Tired
Being bullied
Stressed
Sick
Using alcohol or
other drugs
Hungry
Abused
Why Coordinated
School Health?
6 behaviors account for most of the serious
illness and premature deaths in the US
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Tobacco Use
Abuse of alcohol and
other drug use
Unintentional injuries
and violence
Sexual Behaviors
resulting in HIV,
sexually transmitted
diseases or teenage
pregnancy
Poor eating habits
Inadequate physical
activity
Tobacco Use
Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12
% Students Smoked Cigarettes in the Past 30 days
100.0
90.0
80.0
Percent
70.0
60.0
MS
50.0
US
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1993
1995
1997
1999
Year
2001
2003
Alcohol Abuse
Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12
Students had at least one drink of alcohol during the past 30 days
100.0
90.0
80.0
Percent
70.0
60.0
MS
50.0
US
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1993
1995
1997
1999
Year
2001
2003
Juvenile Crime Rate
Arrest rate of persons under age 18 (per
100,000 persons
age 10 to 17) in Mississippi, US
FBI Arrest Statistics
100%
90%
80%
Percentage (%)
70%
60%
MS
50%
US
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1998
1999
2000
Years
2001
2002
Results of Poor Eating
Habits and Physical
Inactivity
% of US Students Who Are Overweight
(Gender and age specific BMI> the 95th percentile)
30
Percentage (%)
25
20
6-11 yrs
15
12-19 yrs
10
5
0
1963-70
1971-74
1976-80
1988-94
1999-02
2003 MS
1963-2002 NHANES STUDIES (US); 2003 CAYPOS (MS)
Injury
Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12
% Students Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts
100.0
90.0
80.0
Percent
70.0
60.0
MS
50.0
US
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1993
1995
1997
1999
Year
2001
2003
Poor Eating Habits and
Physical Inactivity
2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Grades 9-12
Behavior
MS
US
YRBSS YRBSS
Insufficient
Physical
Activity
82%
75%
Daily PE Class
23.4%
28.4%
>3 hrs
TV/school day
54.1%
38.2%
<3 glasses
milk/day
89%
82.9%
<5 daily
servings
fruit/vegetables
80%
78%
Coordinated School
Health Program
Research supports the effort
MASLOW’S HEIRARCHY AND
COORDINATED SCHOOL HEALTH
Health Education
Motivated and
Learning
Physical Education
Health Services
Nutrition Services
Sense of Positive
Self-Esteem
Sense of Belonging and
Counseling, Psychological
and Social Services
Healthy School Environment
Importance
Sense of Being Loved
and
Appreciated
Free of Fear and In A Safe place
Physical Health
Health Promotion for Staff
Family/Community
Involvement
Health Education
Reading and math
scores of third and
fourth grade students
who received
comprehensive health
education were
significantly higher than
those who did not
receive comprehensive
health education
Schoener, Guerrero,
and Whitney, 1988
Physical Education
Intensive physical
activity programs
for students led to
an improvement in
students’ scores in
mathematics,
reading, and writing
and to a reduction
in disruptive
behaviors in the
classroom.
Sallis, 1999
Health Services
Early childhood and school
aged intervention
programs that provide
parental support and
health services are
associated with improved
school performance
and academic
achievement.
Early intervention may also
improve high school
completion rates and lower
juvenile crime.
Reynolds, Temple, Robertson,
and Mann, 2001
Nutrition Services
School breakfast programs:
 Increase learning and academic
achievement
 Improve student attention to
academic tasks
 Reduce visits to the school nurse
 Decrease behavior problems
Murphy, Pagano, Nachmani,
Sperling, Kane and Kleinman, 1998
Schools that have eliminated
competitive foods and substituted them
with nutritious choices report that
students’ concentration and behavior
improve.
Anderson, 2002
Counseling,
Psychological and
Social Services
A school-based social
services program
targeting students at risk
for dropping out of school
produced the following
results:
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Grade point average
increased across all
classes
School bonding
increased
Self-esteem improved
Eggert,Thompson,Herting,
Nicholas, and Dicker,
1994
Healthy School
Environment
The physical condition of a
school is statistically related to
student academic achievement.
An improvement in the school’s
condition by one category, say
from poor to fair, is associated
with a 5.5 point improvement in
average achievement scores.
Berner, 1993
Health Promotion for
Staff
Teachers who participated in
a health promotion program
focusing on exercise, stress
management, and nutrition
reported:
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Increased participation in
exercise and lower weight
Better ability to handle job
stress
A higher level of general
well-being
Blair, Collingwood, Reynolds,
Smith, Hagan and Sterling,
1984
Family/Community
Involvement
Community activities
that link to the classroom:
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Positively impact academic
achievement
Reduce school suspension
rates
Improve school-related
behaviors
Nettles, 1991
Allen, Philliber, Herring,
and Kupermine, 1997
Why Coordinated School
Health?
The alternative is costly
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Hidden Costs to
Schools
Measurable Costs
to Schools
Costs to State
The Hidden Costs
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Extra staff time needed for students with
low academic performance or behavior
problems caused by poor nutrition and
physical inactivity.
Costs associated with time and staff needed
to administer medications needed by
students with associated health problems.
Healthcare costs, absenteeism, and lower
productivity due to the effects of poor
nutrition, inactivity and overweight among
school employees.
Measurable Costs to
State
(2004-2005)
Statewide Enrollment: 494,590
 ADA Statewide: 472,577
 Statewide Attendance: 95%
 $4,193 per student based on fully
funded MAEP (2004-2005)
 Statewide schools leaving
$92,300,509 on table (not taking into
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consideration local contribution)
Measurable Cost to
Schools
(Example)
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School District: 3,000 Students
Each 1% attendance improvement =
$125,790
Community Costs
“State of Health” in
Mississippi
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Obesity
 $757,000,000 cost per year in MS; $444,000,000 paid
by Medicare and Medicaid
Diabetes
 # 2 state in the nation in Type II diabetes
Cardiovascular Disease
 # 1 state in the nation in heart disease related deaths
 In 2004, # 3 state in the nation in stroke related
deaths
Cancer
 # 5 state in the nation in cancer related deaths
Asthma
 # 1 reason for school absenteeism in MS
Former Surgeon General Dr.
Antonio Novello
“Health and education go hand in
hand: one cannot exist without the
other. To believe any differently is to
hamper progress. Just as our children
have a right to receive the best
education available, they have a right
to be healthy. As parents, legislators,
and educators, it is up to us to see
that this becomes a reality.”
Healthy Children Ready to Learn: An Essential Collaboration Between Health and
Education, 1992
Coordinated School
Health
Make it
a reality
in your
school!!
Resources
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© 2002 Association of State and Territorial and Health
Officials (ASTHO) and The Society of State Directors
of Health, Physical Education and Recreation
(SSDHPER) www.thesociety.org
Mississippi Department of Education
www.mde.k12.ms.us
Youth Risk Behavior Survey
www.mde.k12.ms.us/HealthySchools/Resources.html
Center for Disease Control www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/
State Juvenile Justice Profiles www.ncjj.org