Measurement TOPIC 4

Taxonomy

Wed

09.12.12

MY GOAL I will… find out what Cladistics is & review the two types of cells

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Complete MT4 Daily Formative Check on the ½ page paper you got at the door….

MT 4, Taxonomy, Daily Formative Check 1.

2.

3.

Name____________ Period____ The system devised by Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) that gives each organism two names is called binomial nomenclature. What two categories make up the scientific name of an organism?

A.

B.

Its kingdom and phylum names Its phylum and class names C.

D.

Its family and genus names Its genus and species name Which of the following lists Linnaean tax in the correct order form general to specific?

A.

Phylum, order, family, genus B.

C.

D.

Kingdom, order, class, phylum Family, phylum, genus, species Class, order, species, genus In the Linnaean system of classification, which of the following is most commonly defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring?

A. Phylum B. species C. Genus D. Order 4.

5.

There are rules to follow when writing scientific names. Which of the following correctly identifies a scientific name?

A. bison bison

B. Quercus alba C. homo Sapiens D. Mimus Polyglottis Acer palmatum and Acer rubrum are both names of different kinds of maple trees. What is the genus name for all maple trees?

A. Acer

B. rubrum C. palmatum D. acer

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TURN TO A NEIGHBOR

1. Compare the Notes on ISN p. 22 2. Compare/Complete the Classification Table on ISN p.22

3. Ask me questions

#1.

What is Taxonomy?

The Science of Indentifying, Naming & Classifyin g living things into #2 . taxa (categories)

#3.

Linnaeus gave us a better system: 1. Gave every living thing a scientific name = Genus species – a genus is a group of species #4. Bionomial Nomenclature = two word name #5.

Genus: species: 1 or MORE physically similar organisms a SINGLE organism; the descriptor; refers to specific trait; where found, who discovered it • • • • Ex: Homo sapien Canis lupus (Man, wise) Homo in Greek = same; in Latin = man (Canine, wolf)

Felis domesticus

(Cat, domesticated)

Melopsittacus undulatus

(melodious parrot, undulated/ wave patterned)

#6. Scientific Names • Give organism a name that ALL scientists know • Latin is a ‘dead’ language so it will never change #7.

Common Names  confusion & miscommunication: 1. Silver fish & Jellyfish & Starfish  NOT fish!

2. Pill bugs, roly-poly, potato bug  all the same!

3. Puma, Cougar, Panther, Mountain Lion  all the same cat

#8. Seven Levels of Classification

1.Kingdom 2. Phylum

3. Class 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. species

Scientific name = the Genus & the species

ISN p. 22, Classification Table

Dog Classification Taxa(Categories) Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species House Cat Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Felidae

Felis domesticus

Red Fox Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Canidae

Vulpes fulva

Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Canidae

Canis familiaris

Wolf Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Carnidae

Canis lupus

Gopher Animalia Chordata Mammalia Rodentia Geomyidae

Thomomys bottae

Fly Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Muscidae

Musca domestica

1. From the table, which two animals are most closely related?

they share more of the same TAXA (categories) Dog & Wolf 

2. At what level does the relationship between gophers and house cats diverge (separate)?

They diverge AT “Order”

3. How does the table indicate that a dog is more closely related to a red fox than a house cat?

Dog is more closely related to a Fox because they share more of the same taxa

4. If you had to classify the animal named Vulpes Velox, (which is NOT in the table above) what kind of animal can you infer it would be ?

A type of Fox  It would NOT be a Red Fox…. Just some other type (“Swift” Fox)

5. What Domain do these organisms belong to?

Domain  EUKARYA

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Review Genus species of newly discovered animals

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Species: Spongiforma squarepantsii Spongebob Squarepants Mushroom

"Named after Spongebob Squarepants

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new species looks more like a sponge than a stereotypical mushroom and its fruiting body can actually be squeezed like a sponge and bounce back to its normal size and shape

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'its unusual shape is unlike anything else known

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smells fruity and Spongebob lives in a pineapple; magnified, the texture of the fungus resembles the tube sponges covering the seafloor where Spongebob lives;

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and even the microscopic spores of the fungus appear spongelike."

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Species: Rhinopithecus strykeri

Sneezing Monkey

first snub-nosed monkey to be reported from Myanmar (Burma) is believed to be Critically Endangered.

It is distinctive for its mostly black fur and white beard and for sneezing when it rains — although it tries to avoid dripping rainwater in its turned up nose by sitting with its head between its legs."

• • •

Species: Halieutichthys intermedius, Louisiana pancake batfish

when it moves, it looks like a walking bat that hops about the seafloor on thick arm-like fins. Much of the species habitat was, sadly, impacted by the 2010 Gulf oil spill.

YOUR JOB NOW

Use textbook, Chapter 17 to: • Complete Notes on ISN p. 25 • #12 refers to a Cladogram like this one: Sister Groups ?

Cladogram Example

Explanation of Book example – page 525

Wheels, motor, wings, passengers enclosed WALKING bicycle motorcycle car Airplane Wings Passengers enclosed Motor Wheels

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Did we reach our goal?

Our goal today was for you to find out what the more modern style of classification is…. CLADISTICS

1. Did you reach that goal? How do you know that you reached the goal?

2. What are you going to do if you did not reach that goal??

1.

2.

Finish what you did not finish today in class… Study 15 minutes each night for each class… that’s in addition to homework

Be the change you wish to see in the world