Transcript Document

Health
Healthand
andSafety
Safety
Executive
Executive
Control of vibration at
work
Dr David Smeatham
Noise and Vibration Specialist Inspector,
Manchester.
HAND-ARM VIBRATION
There are few circumstances where control is
not reasonably practicable.
Control often leads to better quality and
increased productivity
Investment for the future
What is HAVS?
Regular long term exposure to hand-arm
vibration (HAV) disrupts blood circulation
•Vascular
•Neurological
Who is at risk?
Control of Vibration at Work
Regulations 2005
Employers have a duties to:
•
•
•
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Assess
Control
Information, Instruction and training
Check (including health surveillance)
There are few circumstances where control is not
reasonably practicable.
RISK ASSESSMENT
The purpose of assessment is to enable
management of risk
An assessment is adequate if it provides
enough information to enable you to take the
most appropriate action.
Helps to target the highest exposure
processes (biggest gain)
Rules of thumb
High risk
Medium risk
More than 1
hour
More than 15
minutes
More than 2
hour
More than 1
hour
How do I estimate vibration
exposure?
•
Need vibration emission from the tool(s)
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Also time of exposure
•
Combine to obtain daily exposure A(8) in
m/s2
Getting realistic vibration data
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Ask your supplier
Databases
http://umetech.niwl.se/eng/default.lasso
http://www.las-bb.de/karla/index_.htm
•
Trade associations,
consultancies, government
•
Measurements (ISO 5349 parts 1 and 2)
www.hse.gov.uk/vibration
HAND-ARM VIBRATION EXPOSURE CALCULATOR
Vibration
magnitude
m/s² r.m.s.
Time to reach EAV
2
2.5 m/s A (8)
hours
minutes
Time to reach ELV
2
time in
5 m/s
min A (8)
hours
minutes
Exposure
Partial
time induration
min
timeexposure
in mins
m/s² A (8)
hours minutes
Partial
partial
exposure
exp
points
Tool or process 1
0
0
Tool or process 2
0
0
Tool or process 3
0
0
Tool or process 4
0
0
Tool or process 5
0
0
Tool or process 6
0
0
Instructions for use:
Enter vibration magnitudes and exposure durations in the white areas.
To calculate, press the Enter key, or move the cursor to a different cell.
The results are displayed in the yelllow areas.
Daily
Total
exposure
m/s² A (8)
exposure
points
Points
100 points
-Action value-
400 points
-Limit value-
Limit and action values
If A(8) is greater than
5.0 m/s² (ELV)
If A(8) greater than
2.5 m/s² (EAV)
• Take immediate action to
reduce exposure below
ELV
• Identify why ELV is
exceeded
• Amend protection and
prevention measures
• Establish a programme
of risk control measures
• Introduce a programme
of health surveillance for
those who remain above
the EAV
• Info & training
(2007 or 2010)
(July 2005)
Hierarchy of control
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•
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Elimination
Substitution
Engineering control
Exposure management
Information, instruction and training
Elimination
Elimination by design
Pile cropping
C(DM)
Eliminating the need for fettling
Substitution
Choose the right powered hand-tool
•
Is it the best tool for the job?
(suitability and efficiency)
•
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Ask the tool users
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Implement purchasing / hiring
policy
Is it low vibration?
– Use manufacturers’ data
Engineering control
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Vibration reduction
Better ergonomics
Increased productivity
Exposure management
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Specify maximum exposure times
May need job rotation
Need to take account of
– Productivity – what are you asking the
workers to do?
– Communication
– Supervision
– Bonus!
Things you should always do
•
Keep warm and dry
– (assume anti-vibration gloves
offer no protection)
•
•
Avoid Smoking
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Keep equipment well maintained
– Tools
– Attachments
Provide training
– Risks/symptoms
– Control measures
– Correct tool use (grip/feed force)
Health surveillance
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Workers exposed to greater
than the action value (100
points)
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Tiered approach
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Referrals to competent person
Top tier is a self administered
questionnaire
Summary
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Start with a fit for purpose assessment of the
risk.
– Simple risk assessment
– Target high risk processes for control
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Refine risk assessment
Update and maintain control
Information, instruction and training
Health surveillance
HAVS is a preventable disease
Whole Body Vibration
Who is at risk?
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Very little need for concern about WBV in road
vehicles
•
Some concern for industrial trucks
– particularly if used on inappropriate surfaces
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Main concern in off-road machinery:
– agriculture, construction, quarrying, mining,
forestry, small fast boats, etc.
Control
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Driver
– Drive slowly and avoid rough ground
– Provide training (seat and cab adjustment)
•
Vehicle
– Right vehicle for the right job
– Maintenance (tyre pressures, seats)
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Site
– Traffic management
– Maintain surfaces
Holistic approach to lower back pain
•
Many issues with the nature of low back pain:
– High prevalence in the general population
– Many causative and influencing factors
• Ergonomics
• Manual handling
• etc
– Symptoms not always synonymous with
damage
– No dose-response relationship
Any questions?
Thanks for listening
www.hse.gov.uk/vibration