Transcript Overview of ZigBee

An Overview of ZigBee
The Power of the Mesh
Chris Herzog – [email protected]
President
Software Technologies Group, Inc.
www.stg.com
2005 Wireless & Mobile WorldExpo
Toronto, Ontario
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What is ZigBee?
• A standard for mesh networking
– Built on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard
– Reliability through meshed connectivity
• Designed for low power applications
– Very long battery life
• Low data rate
– 20-250Kb/sec (depending on band)
• Very Secure
– AES-128 encryption available
• Self configuring
– Allows ad hoc networks
– Ease of installation and configuration
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ZigBee Target Markets
Security
HVAC
TV
AMR
VCR
Lighting Control
DVD/CD
Access Control
BUILDING
AUTOMATION
CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS
Patient
monitoring
ZigBee
Fitness
monitoring
Wireless Control that
Simply Works
PERSONAL
HEALTH CARE
RF Remotes
PC &
PERIPHERALS
Security
Asset Mgt
Process
Control
Environmental
Energy Mgt
INDUSTRIAL
CONTROL
RESIDENTIAL/
LIGHT
COMMERCIAL
CONTROL
HVAC
Lighting Control
Access Control
Lawn & Garden
Irrigation
Chart Copyright ZigBee Alliance 2004
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The ZigBee Standard
• Protocol
– Supports meshing of 802.15.4 nodes
– Support for rapid joining and leaving the
network (joining in <30ms)
– Support for route discovery and route
failure recovery
• Services
– Device and Service discovery
– Standardized Device Profiles
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The ZigBee Alliance
• Group of over 150 companies involved
in ZigBee development and deployment
• Define the ZigBee standards
• Promote the ZigBee standards
• Provide ZigBee certification and
branding
• Online at www.zigbee.org
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ZigBee in the wireless world
Chart Copyright ZigBee Alliance 2004
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ZigBee in the wireless world
• Band – 868, 902-928MHz, and 2.4GHz
• Topology – Ad-hoc, Star, Point to Point, Mesh
• Data Rate – 20/40Kb/s and 250Kb/s
• Power Consumption – Very Low
• Range – 10-100+ meters
• Security – very high; AES-128 level encryption
• Size – up to 64K nodes in a single logical network
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ZigBee Network Topologies
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ZigBee Networks
• PAN (Personal Area Network)
– Uses a specific 16-bit PAN ID
– A ZigBee Coordinator “forms” the network
•
•
•
•
•
Node “0”
Chooses radio channel
Specifies PAN ID
Chooses security model in effect
Starts network formation process using specified
network parameters
– Network includes routing and non-routing devices
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ZigBee Network Topologies
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Types of ZigBee Devices
• Two classes of devices
– FFD (Full Function Device)
• Can act as a ZigBee Router (and a ZigBee coordinator)
• Helps form the mesh and route data
• Can also perform any other function like sensing
– RFD (Reduced Function Device)
• Can’t act as a router
• Only an end node
• Sensors, actuators, etc. that don’t need to route data
• Permit implementers to choose an
appropriate device for the application
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ZigBee Network Topologies
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Extending ZigBee Networks
• ZED (ZigBee Extension Device)
– A ZigBee router with a wire interface
• Joins two or more radio disjoint
PANs
• Provides a “wormhole” within a
single PAN
ZED
ZED
PAN A
PAN A
Coordinator A
– A low cost, high reliability link within
the radio network
• “Extends” the ZigBee network layer
• Specification is nearly complete with
reference ZEDs available soon
ZED
PAN B
ZED
Coordinator B
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Gateways to ZigBee Networks
• Joins two different network
protocols
• Provides a way for non-ZigBee
devices to communicate with
ZigBee devices without knowing
the ZigBee protocol
• Standard Specification is in
progress
Abstracted Messages
– Network layers are terminated
Gateway
ZigBee
– Some proprietary and focused
solutions available
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When is ZigBee appropriate?
• Low power consumption
– True battery powered sensors
• Appropriate data rate
– We’re not talking streaming video here
• Range
– Both point to point and meshed ranges
• Costs
– Is there sufficient ROI from adding a
radio?
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Appropriate Sensor Applications
• Sensors and actuators matter
– Power consumption
– Monitoring needs
• What’s the big picture?
– Battery powered devices require batteryfriendly sensors and actuators
– Mains powered devices have more
options
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Cost Considerations
• BOM Components
– Radio – about $5 US
– Processor – under $3 US
– Memory (FLASH) – about $5 US
– Miscellaneous (XTAL, etc.) – under $2 US
• Up and coming
– Radio / Processor Bundles
• 8051 class processor
• Under $5 US in quantity
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Some STG Proof of Concepts
Using the power of the mesh to
automate a manual process
– Rental Car Return Automation
Long life battery powered sensing
– Wireless Termite Detection
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Automated Rental Car Return
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Termite Detection
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How STG can help
• Reference software
– 802.15.4 MAC and ZigBee Protocol Stack
• Engineering Services
– Custom protocol/application development
– Firmware, drivers, monitoring and control
applications
– Proof of concept and prototypes
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Wrapping it all up…
• Any Questions?
• Any Comments?
• Would anyone like a copy of the
ZigBee specifications?
– Please drop off a business card
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