Transcript Dropout Prevention

DROPOUT PREVENTION
Renee’ Henry
November 29, 2012
EDUC 303: Electronic Instructional Materials
Dr. Kariuki
WHAT IS DROPPING OUT ?
 Most commonly, dropping out refers to a student quitting school
before he or she graduates or avoiding entering a University. It
cannot always be ascertained that a student has dropped out, as he
or she may stop attending without terminating enrollment
 Means leaving a school or group for practical reasons,
necessities, or disillusionment with the system from which the
individual in question leaves.
REASONS WHY STUDENTS
DROPOUT
 to find employment
 bad environment
 avoid bullying
 lack of freedom
 family emergency
 boredom from lack of
 poor grades
lessons relevant to their
 depression and
desired occupations
other mental illnesses
 dislike of school
 unexpected pregnancy
 feeling unmotivated
WARNING SIGNS
 Absenteeism being the most common
indicator of student disengagement and
a significant predictor of dropping out.
 Students who transfer from another school, and
those who experience difficulty with the 9th grade
transition year.
 Nearly 38 percent of the young adults said the
freedom students enjoy in high school contributed
to their disengagement. In addition to it being too
 Low grades, discipline and behavior
problems, lack of involvement in class
easy to skip class or join in activities outside of
school, “too much freedom” included the school’s
lack of order, discipline and rules; failure to
and school activities, pregnancy, being
ensure students attend class; and inability to help
held back a grade or more.
students feel safe.
WHAT STUDENT’S THINK
 81 percent of the survey respondents said that if schools had provided opportunities for real-world learning
(internships, service learning projects, and other opportunities), it would have improved their chances of
graduating from high school.
 Another 81 percent, wanted better teachers, while three-fourths wanted smaller classes with more
individualized instruction.
 55 percent said more should be done to help students who had difficulty learning.
 Only a little over half said they could go to a staff person for school problems and less than half had
someone in school to talk with about personal problems.
 62 percent of the respondents said their school needed to do more to help students with problems beyond
school.
 Approximately 70 percent of those surveyed said better communication between school and parents and
increased parental involvement in their child’s education are essential to keeping students in school.
PA R E N T S W H O A R E N O T I N VO LV E D
IN THEIR CHILDREN’S EDUCATION
 The young adults said that more parental
 Poor communication between the school
involvement may have prevented their
and parents was another contributor to students
dropping out. While 59 percent of their
dropping out. Only about half of the
parents were involved in their children’s
respondents said the school contacted the home
schooling, more than half of those were
if they were absent; and only 48 percent of the
involved “mainly for discipline reasons,”
according the report. Furthermore, the
majority of parents were unaware or just
somewhat aware of their child’s grades or that
they were about to leave school.
dropouts said “their school contacted them or
their parents to find out why they left school or
encourage them to return.”
 “Nearly half of the respondents said their
parents’ work schedule kept them from knowing
more about what was happening at school.”
While 68 percent said their parents got more
involved when they realized their child was
likely to drop out, by then it was too late
B E N E F I T S O F PA R E N T S W H O A R E
INVOLVED IN THEIR CHILDR EN’S
EDUCATION
 Parents serve as role models as they
 Parents can influence their children’s academic
demonstrate the importance of community
progress by encouragement, reinforcement, and
participation.
modeling.
 Parents' involvement is a protective factor
 Enhances children's self-esteem
against adolescent tobacco use, depression,
eating disorders, academic struggles, and other
problems.
 By staying involved with their child and/or
teenager, parents can be a source of support,
 Improves children's academic achievement
 Improves parent-child relationships
 Helps parents develop positive attitudes
towards school
create a climate for discussing tough issues and
 Better understanding of the schooling
serve as role models for responsible and empathic
process.
behavior.
 Total number of high school dropouts annually
 3,030,000
 Number of high school students who drop out each
 8,300
day
 Percent of Americans with a high school diploma
 Percent of all drop outs that happen in the ninthgrade
 Percent of students who repeat the ninth-grade that
go on to graduate
 Percent of students in the largest 50 U.S. cities
that graduate High School
 Percent of US crimes that committed by a high
school dropout
 Amount of money a high school graduate will earn
more than a drop out
 Percent of black drop outs that have spent time in
prison
 Percentage of Hispanic dropouts that were due to a
pregnancy
 Percent of US jobs a high school dropout is not
eligible for
 85.3 %
 36 %
 15 %
 59 %
 75 %
 $260,000
 60 %
 41 %
 90 %
High School Dropout Statistics (US)
 National Rate
 8.1 %
 Male
 9.1 %
 Female
 7%
 African American
 9.6 %
 Hispanic
 17.6 %
 White
 5.2 %
 Asian American
 2.1 %
 Foreign Born
 20.7 %
 Children of Foreign Born
 13 %
DEMOGRAPHICS OF HIGH-SCHOOL DROPOUTS
(PERCENT OF WHO DROP OUT)
Year
2009
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
Total
8.1
9.4
10.9
12
12.1
12.6
14.1
13.9
14.6
White
5.2
6
6.9
8.6
9
10.4
11.4
11.4
12.3
Black
9.6
10.4
13.1
12.1
13.2
15.2
19.1
22.9
21.3
Hispanic
17.6
22.4
27.8
30
32.4
27.6
35.2
29.2
34.3
Historical High School Dropout Rates
CONT’ STATISTICS ON WHY
STUDENTS DROPOUT
far too many students are not graduating on time with a regular diploma; low-income and students
of color fare the worst in the dropout epidemic
USA (in 2007)
 Each year, approximately 1.3 million
students fail to graduate from high school; more
 National = 69%
than half are students of color. The graduation
 White = 77%
twenty-five percentage points below their white
 African American = 54%
rate among students of color is as much as
peers.
 A student within the age range of sixteen to
 Hispanic = 56%
twenty-four years old who comes from the lowest
 Asian American = 81%
more likely to have dropped out of high school
 Indian American = 51%
quartile of family income is about seven times
than his/her counterpart who comes from the
highest quartile
WHAT ARE THE COSTS OF
D RO P P I N G O U T O F H I G H
SCHOOL?
 Dropouts suffer from reduced
 If U.S. high schools and colleges were
earnings and lost opportunities; there are
to raise the graduation rates of Hispanic,
also significant social and economic costs
African American, and Native American
to the rest of the nation.
students to the levels of white students by
 If the United States‘ likely dropouts
2020, the potential increase in personal
from the Class of 2006 had graduated,
the nation could have saved more than
$17 billion in Medicaid and expenditures
for uninsured health care over the course
of those young people‘s lifetimes.
income would add more than $310 billion
to the U.S. economy.
 Over the course of his or her lifetime,
a high school dropout earns, on average,
about $260,000 less than a high school
graduate
CONT’ WHAT ARE THE
COSTS OF DROPPING OUT
OF HIGH SCHOOL?
 Increasing the graduation rate and college matriculation of male
students in the United States by just 5 percent could lead to
combined savings and revenue of almost $8 billion each year by
reducing crime related costs .
 Dropouts from the Class of 2010 alone will cost the nation more
than $337 billion in lost wages over the course of their lifetimes.
WAY S TO P R E V E N T S T U D E N T S
F RO M D RO P P I N G O U T
 Mentoring/Tutoring- one-to-one caring,
supportive relationship between a mentor and a
mentee that is based on trust. Tutoring, also a one-toone activity, focuses on academics and is an effective
way to address specific needs such as reading, writing,
 After School Opportunities- Many schools
provide after-school and summer enhancement
programs that eliminate information loss and
inspire interest in a variety of areas. Such
or math competencies.
experiences are especially important for students
 Service Learning- connects meaningful
at risk of school failure.
community service experiences with academic
learning. This teaching/learning method promotes
personal and social growth, career development, and
civic responsibility and can be a powerful vehicle for
effective school reform at all grade levels.
 Early Childhood Education - The most effective
way to reduce the number of children who will
ultimately drop out is to provide the best
possible classroom instruction from the
beginning of their school experience.
C O N T ’ WAY S TO P R E V E N T
S T U D E N T S F RO M D RO P P I N G
OUT
 Early Literacy Development- Early interventions
 Educational Technology - Technology offers
to help low-achieving students recognize that focusing
some of the best opportunities for delivering
on reading and writing skills is the foundation for
instruction that engages students in authentic
effective learning in all subjects.
learning, addresses multiple intelligences, and
 Professional Development- Teachers who work
adapts to student’s learning styles.
with youth at high risk of academic failure need to feel
 Individualized Instruction- A customized
supported and need to have an avenue by which
individual learning program for each student allows
they continue to develop skills, techniques, and learn
teachers flexibility with the instructional program
about innovative strategies.
and extracurricular activities.
 Active Learning- When educators show students
 Making the Most of the Wider Community-
that there are different ways to learn, students find
Students who come to school bring traces of a wider
new and creative ways to solve problems, achieve
community; when students leave school, either
success, and become lifelong learners.
before or after graduation, they return to the
community.
CONT’ WAY S TO PREVENT
STUDENTS FROM DROPPING OUT
 Systemic Renewal- Systemic renewal calls
 Career and Technical Education- A
for a continuing process of evaluating goals
quality guidance program is essential for all
and objectives related to school policies,
practices, and organizational structures as
students.
they impact a diverse group of learners.
 Safe Schools- Violence prevention
 School-Community Collaboration- When
means providing daily experiences at all
all groups in a community provide collective
grade levels that enhance positive social
support to the school, a strong infrastructure
attitudes and effective interpersonal skills in
sustains a caring environment where youth can
all students.
thrive and achieve prepare them for the larger
demands of today’s workplace.
CONT’ WAY S TO PREVENT
STUDENTS FROM DROPPING OUT
 Family Engagement- Research consistently finds
that family involvement has a direct, positive effect on
children’s achievement and is the most accurate
predictor of a student’s success in school.
 Alternative Schooling- provides potential
dropouts a variety of options that can lead to
graduation, with programs paying special attention
to the students’ individual social needs and the
academic requirements for a high school diploma
 Individualized Instruction- A customized
individual learning program for each student
allows teachers flexibility with the instructional
program and extracurricular activities
DROP-OUT PREVENTION
VIDEO
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qjs-WhKxfM
WEBSITES
I.
http://www.all4ed.org/files/HighSchoolDropouts.pdf
II. http://www.statisticbrain.com/high-school-dropout-statistics/
III. http://www.americaspromise.org/our-work/Dropout-Prevention.aspx
IV. http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/MSDE/divisions/studentschoolsvcs
/student_services_alt/alternative_programs/
V. http://www.betterhighschools.org/docs/nhsc_approachestodropoutpreventi
on.pdf
THE END !!