Transcript Document

Dropout Prevention
Jennifer Dounay
Education Commission of the States
Presentation to Alaska legislators and educators
Anchorage, AK
October 9, 2008
Dropouts: A National Perspective
• Nearly 1 out of 3 high school students
will drop out
• 1.2 million/year
• Lower graduation rates among male,
American Indian, Black, Hispanic youth
Education Commission of the States
What’s correlated with dropping
out?
• Financial
– More likely to be unemployed
– Average annual wages near poverty
level
• Lost wages and tax revenues
• Incarceration
– 75% of state prison inmates
– 69% of jail inmates
– About 59% of federal inmates
Education Commission of the States
More bad news…
• Health
– Link between yrs. of
school, life expectancy
• Public health costs
• Welfare
• Teen pregnancy
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What Does the Research Say?
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On-track in grade 9
Sixth grade indicators
Student/teacher relationships
Parental involvement/expectations
School size
Math course taking, curriculum,
achievement
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What do dropouts say?
• Courses boring, no relation to real world
• Not motivated/inspired to work hard
– 2/3 would have worked harder if more expected of
them
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No job or career direction in HS
Failing in school
Parents didn’t know till it was too late
“Too much freedom”
Sources: The Silent Epidemic: Perspectives of High School Dropouts, Civic
Enterprises LLC, 2006
Michigan Education Association survey of young adults, May 2008
Education Commission of the States
Dropout Prevention: What States Are Doing
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Increasing rigor of HS curriculum
Student accountability
Graduation plans/career “majors”
Counseling
Remediation
Early college high schools
Small schools/small learning communities
Alternative pathways to standard diploma
Middle grades efforts
Parental involvement
Ninth grade initiatives
Dual enrollment
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Increasing rigor of HS curriculum
• Supported by research
• At least 8 states: college/work ready for
all
• Too soon to tell for state efforts
• Local efforts encouraging (San Jose,
CA)
• Has to be done right (teacher prep + PD,
remediation supports, etc.)
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Student Accountability
• 18 as upper compulsory school age: 20
states
– Gets at “too much freedom” cited by dropouts
– Some research support
• No pass no drive: 27 states
• No pass no play: 16 states
• No known research support, some anecdotal
support for “no pass”
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Graduation Plans/Career Majors
• 9 states, will be 20 + DC by 2011
• Career majors: 3-4 states, will be 5-6 by
2011
• Add relevance
• Relatively new: not aware of research
base
Education Commission of the States
Counseling
• Georgia: Graduation Coaches
– ID at-risk students, keep on track academically
– Now also in middle schools
– AL now piloting program
• Colorado: School Counselors Corps
Grant Program
– Priority to schools w/above avg. dropout rates
Education Commission of the States
Remediation
From ECS database:
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District must provide/student must attend
Individual learning plans for at-risk students
Programs must be evaluated: 10 states
Supported by research and dropouts
themselves
Education Commission of the States
Early College High Schools
• Students can earn HS diploma + 2-year degree in 5
years
• Geared toward underserved students
• State-level policies: 6 states (CO, MI, NC, PA, TN, TX)
• Early returns positive:
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Attendance rates avg. over 90%
Grade promotion avg. over 90%
Better academic performance than home districts
High graduation rates
• Coming soon: ECS policy brief on model state policy
components of ECHS
Education Commission of the States
Small Schools/Small Learning
Communities
• More local than state response
• Research and dropouts support
• NV: HS of 1,200+ students must
provide SLCs for grade 9
• CA: Pilot to fund small high schools
• FL: School within a school
Education Commission of the States
Alternative Pathways to Standard
Diploma
• Credit recovery
– Online or computer-based
– Targeted to student need
• Indiana: School Flex program
• Nevada: Earn HS credits while working
toward HS promotion
• Flexible scheduling
• Alternative means of showing competency
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Middle Grades Efforts
• Grade 6 research supports
• RI, LA: Coaching for students below grade
level in reading, math
• GA: Graduation coaches in middle schools
• NV: Dist. reports must incl. dropout rates for
grades 6-8 (separate from HS dropout rates)
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Parental Involvement
• Research, dropouts support
• HS parents don’t always know what involvement
matters
• Areas of policy
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Developing formal policy
Reaching out on academic expectations
Accommodating parents’ needs
Building staff capacity
Building parent capacity
Developing benchmarks, evaluating impact
• ECS policy brief August 2008
Education Commission of the States
Ninth Grade Initiatives
• NV: 9th grade SLC in large high schools
– Keep data on credits earned, attendance, truancy, other atrisk indicators
– Offer timely ID of grade 9 student needs, i.e., remediation,
counseling
– Increase parent involvement in grade 9
– Assign guidance counselors, 1+ licensed admin., adult
mentors for 9th graders
• LA: Early intervention for students at risk of failing any 9th
grade math
• RI: Early intervention for those who fail Algebra I or any 9th
grade math class
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Dual Enrollment
• RI: For dist. w/dropout rate > 15%
• OR: “Priority” for districts to inform
dropouts of Expanded Options
– DOE must report # of dropouts who
participate, earn HS diploma
• IN: Fast Track to College
Education Commission of the States
“Dropout Recovery”
• Increasing the upper statutory age
• Flex. in accelerating learning, demonstrating
competency
• Flexible credit recovery options
• Flexibility in course scheduling, course loads
• Clear connections to PS and/or workforce
• Communicating options to the public
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Source: ECS, “Beyond the GED: State Strategies to Help Former Dropouts Earn
a High School Diploma,” August 2008
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[email protected]
303.299.3689
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