Transcript Factors Likely to promote Industrialization in OIC

By
Dr. Shamshad Ahmed
Professor, School of Chemical and Materials
Engineering, NUST, Islamabad Pakistan.
Email: [email protected]
3 deliveries in one workshop
 A Man asks a Woman how many children do you have
 She says seven boys and six girls
 Then he says, that means, thirteen altogether
 She responds no one by one
Critical Mass Essential for
Competing
 South Korea during the 60-70s didn’t have the knowledge
bedrock to start challenging Europe and Japan
 It started off partnering and acquiring critical know-how.
Such a head start made it gain pace and in fairly short time
the country shifted from being an adopter to trend setter.
Example INCO 9 Malaysian conference on nuclear Power
Minister revealed 18 nuclear power plants installed since
1072, 20,000 MW plants to build more by 2015 to have
30,000.( Malaysia and china followed suit)
Pre-Requisites
 Cool temper
 Sane and safe environment
 Acceptance of alien habits
 Wisdom to see long term benefits to all
 No ad hocism
 No me me culture
Oh Fool, Guidance you will get
ask for strength,
Oh God , Give me
Guidance
Perquisites for Partnerships
 Korean - Chinese
 UK Strip Tease
 Yorkshire Incident
 Lesson – Tolerance is essential for partnership
 Trust vs Interest
 Intrest Breed trust
Better communication between
institutes and end users
• Whether in Kenya or Iran, I found that people/researchers
are hesitant to go to industry expecting or apprehending an
unwelcoming attitude. ( Alice in Wonderland)
• Projects if organized by industry, this obstacle can be
overcome.
• At JAERI, Takasaki all research and funds fed by industry.
• No mention of old projects, no conjugation.
Gender Gap
• Environment ought to be conducive to industrialization. Talents
of either gender must be exploited to the fullest, also giving
them opportunity to realize the challenges and rewards of
industry. In Japan, china, Vietnam, the undersigned observed it
was more a family affair. In Japan researcher has a share in the
company he/she is consulting.
 Look at industrialization in broader context, than just the
confines of technological fancifulness.
 Installation of factories is mere at transfer of equipment, not
technology transfer-case of Suzuki car in Pakistan
Raw Materials
• Most economically viable are the industries for which raw
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materials is abundantly available, statement is valid for
developing countries.
Advance countries can develop sophisticated value added
products imported from other countries at considerably cheaper
rates. Japan is vivid example.
Existence of high capital intensives equipment such as
processing extruder’s electron beam facility, gamma irradiation
plant can be an asset for initiating industrial projects.
Nigeria specially blessed because it has a semi commercial
gamma irradiation plant and a nuclear reactor.
In Pakistan hydrogel production not possible because of lack of
availability of EB.
Idea Factories
• Identification of projects/priorities at National level a must to avoid
waste of money time and resources. At national level priorities
determinations in terms of national needs and projects then entrusted
to institutes/Universities specialized in the subjects. Example-Moon
soil analysis but no analysis of Lagos soil.
• Training of academia in disciplines of applied nature.
• Research institutes are engaged in either purely academic pursuit
with no remote possibility of application in industry or engaged in
fancy titled research such as nanotech, robotics (Example of
Professor at YRPC)
• While imparting training in other countries at MS or PhD topics
selected ought to be in disciplines having relevance to the country’s
need ----to breed a new task force.
?
PETER’S PRINCIPLE
 The theory that employees within an organization will
advance to their highest level of competence and then
be promoted to and remain at a level at which they are
incompetent."
 ... "In a hierarchically structured administration,
people tend to be promoted up to their level of
incompetence,"
 Dr. Peters Principal explained more simply, "The
cream rises until it sours."
Hierarchy Pyramid
(Peter’s principle)
MURPHY’S LAWS
 Work expands to fill the time.
 Left to themselves things go from bad to worse.
 If there is possibility of several things to go wrong one
that does the worse damage will go wrong first.
 If every thing seems to be going right you are obviously
over looking some thing.
 Mother nature is a bitch.
 Nature favours the favoured
Hierarchy minus with less
bottlenecks
• Hierarchal structures may be altered or modified to permit
direct access to funds. Researcher need not beg for every thing
(IAEA contract funds versus PSF)
• Enthusiasm evaporates by the time sanction arrives.Funds.
mobilization is possible through funding of national projects by
science foundations, ministry of science etc.
• In Denmark/Norway all the projects are submitted to National
committee for funding (role of head only administration, RISO
lab).
• Sustainable development requires decoupling from the lurches
of national and natural turbulences and cataclysm (HEC).
Hierarchy minus with less
bottlenecks Cont..
• Coordinated research programs and technical assistance
projects were undertaken by the undersigned which
inherently were of applied nature. These fruitfully
culminated in achieving finally a breakthrough in
commercialization.
• Funds facilitate procurement of essential equipment;
expedite mobilization travel for field work, and a small
honorarium act as incentive for undertaking such projects.
SWOT
• Strength
• Weaknesses
• Opportunities
• Threats
Short Expert Mission/Training
Courses
 Short expert mission organized to advise a recipient
country on specific issues of importance to these countries
and to assist designing.
 National work plans that are expected to optimize the
effective utilization of available facilities.
 Or to re orient the recipient institution plans towards more
concrete and problem solving activities with the targeted
objective of production and quality control.
Short Expert Mission/Training
Courses
 Expert’s assistance can be useful in cutting short the time
between initiation of projects and its finalization by a
provision of literature (world review) on the status of
projects, provision of necessary advice on essential
equipment, identifying vendors.
 By provision of training to researchers in his
institute/country or identifying other institutes.
 Finally by provision of advice regarding quality control,
familiarity with ASM, ISO and other international
standards.(eg. Rodent resistant/flame retardant, New age
cables ,Pakistan)
Expert missions are Cost
effective
 The expert mission are cost effective and more efficient
because
a)
It costs less for one person to travel
b)
More persons from different institutes are trained
c)
Recipients’ country resources are identified
and
close harmonization between local institutes is
facilitated. (Sri Lanka, Gem authority, furnaces
d)
Recipient country has the option to organize
events according to their convenience, timetable.
Brain gain Projects: curtailment
of brain drain
• Malaysia ,a brain gain project by investing several billion Ringets
• Attracting experts from abroad to come and train senior researchers
in technologies adaptable or adoptable by existing local industry,
mostly with targeted objectives of value addition.
• Such projects are conducted in collaboration with one or more
industries, as the end user.
• Undersigned spent two months at MINT, Bangi Malaysia from 1st
June to 31st July 2011 for training research personnel in the art of
indigenous development of high specialty called insulations. Trials
for factual production of industrial cables were carried out by
Wonderful Cable co. Johu baru (monitoring by young people).
Pakistan
 Pakistan has also learned to partner but in narrow
domains.
 We have jointly produced a 4th generation fighter jet,
world class submarines, stealth frigates and master the
exclusives nuclear technology,
 Surely we can reverse engineer the “classified knowhow” into something that is daily life economy-wide
productive----low tech.
 We need an open innovative mind and a will to
succeed against odds and system. (Nigera)
Exploring other Avenues

AFRA, African regional corporative agreement for research, training related to
Nuclear sciences & technology (AFRA)

Organization of African Unity (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)

TCDC (Technical Corporation between developing countries may be
encouraged (Huge deposits of diamonds in Cameroon-Irradiation in Nigeria)
Concluding Remarks
• No single factor say equipment, a group of researchers, funds
for R&D alone will ever permit acceleration of industrial
production nor hasten or expedite technology transfer from
institutes to industry.
• A sustained concerted effort involving right kind of target with
relevance to country’s economic and industrial status, a
dedicated well trained group or team, relevant processing
equipment, access to quality control labs conforming to
international standards and reasonable funds at the disposable
of group can lead to indigenous development.
• Technology transfer is just one step ahead.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank ISESCO and NOTAP for
inviting me as the invited speaker to this prestigious
workshop . Thanks are also due to authorities at SCME
and Rector NUST for kindly permitting me to attend the
workshop.