Transcript Unit 5: Capitalization and Punctuation

Which sentence is a statement? Which is a question?
statement
He jabbed his hands into his pockets and sighed. Why
couldn’t he get his room straight?
question
• You must show where a sentence begins and ends.
• Use a capital letter to show where it begins, and
an end mark to show where it ends.
Statement/Command = period ( . )
Question = question mark ( ? )
Exclamation = exclamation point ( ! )
1. we are making dinner would you like to help
2. do you need an apron please find the large pot
3. pour in some ketchup
4. did you remember to add the peanut butter
5. i’ll chop the cabbage what a great stew this will be
Host:
Please welcome the author of There’s a Bird’s Nest in
My Soup? What an amazing book this is Where do
swiftlets live?
Author:
They live high up on cliffs people climb to get the nests
Host:
What a dangerous job that must be
Author:
it is a traditional skill passed down from father to son.
What’s wrong with this sentence? How can you fix it?
D
dr.Bbelle E
e. A
ache cures stomach problems.
• A proper noun begins with a capital letter.
• Always capitalize the names of people and pets.
• Capitalize titles and initials that are used with
names.
Mario Gomez
Miss Diane Dawson
Dr. Richard Cohen
U.R. Wright
Mrs. Carol M. Ling
Governor J. Bryant
Mr. Todd Ross
Ms. E.S. Ryan
Sparky
• Capitalize family titles when they are used as
names or as parts of names.
Today Grandmother arrived.
Did Uncle Harry bring worms?
• Do not capitalize family titles when they are not
used as names.
My grandmother took us fishing.
Our uncle paddled the canoe.
1. Every morning aunt helen reads the newspaper.
2. Today a photo of mr. dan johnson is on the front page.
3. He and james p. mullen just ran a marathon.
4. Did governor garcia give them a special award?
5. On the next page is a short story about rosa perez.
Fourth Grader Starts Business
Marie frasier has her own business. It all began when her
neighbor Alex p. Sloan was planning a trip to visit his Aunt. He
said, “Can I hire you to walk brownie while I visit aunt Rachel?”
Since then, miss Lena Chin has hired Marie to walk her
dog. dr. Victor Ortiz also hired the girl to care for his cat.
Name the common nouns and the proper nouns.
common
proper
proper
One morning in August 1954, Sadako Sasaki
common
proper
looked up at the blue sky over Hiroshima and saw
common
common
not a cloud in the sky.
• Always capitalize the names of particular places
and things.
• When a proper noun is more than one word,
begin each important word with a capital letter.
Places
Yankee Doodle Road
Things
days
Monday
Thursday
months
February
August
Eagan
Minnesota
Mill City Museum
holidays
Wabasha Caves
Boundary Waters Canoe Area
Mississippi River
groups
Flag Day
Fourth of July
Girl Scouts
Minnesota Twins
1. My pen pal from japan is coming to visit.
2. He plans to arrive in ocean city next tuesday.
3. We’ll visit the seaside museum if he isn’t too tired.
4. Then we can go to pacific park or rocky road.
5. Afterward we can watch the miami dolphins play football.
I hear you are planning a visit to Colorado. You will
love hiking in the Rocky mountains! Be sure to visit the
Buffalo Bill wax Museum too. It is on West Manitou avenue
in Colorado springs. Go to a park called Garden Of The
Gods. I saw some awesome rock formations when I was
there last September. I went with the Roxbury Hiking club.
Which words can you shorten to make this sign
look better on the truck?
Mr.
Mister Bucky
Buckette’s Cleaning
Company
Co.
• Abbreviation = shortened form of a word
• Most start with a capital letter and end with a
period.
• Used in special kinds of writing, like addresses
and lists.
Titles: Mr.  Mister
Jr.  Junior
Addresses:
Months:
Sr.  Senior
Mrs.  married woman
Dr.  Doctor
Ms.  any woman
Rd.  Road
Ave. Avenue
St. Street
Blvd.Boulevard P.O.  Post Office
Jan.  January
Days: Sun.Sunday
Co. Company
Apr. April
Sept.September
Wed.Wednesday
Thurs. Thursday
1. Marina Boat Company
Co.
2. Monument Valley, Utah
UT
3. A.J. Pyke Junior
Jr.
4. Tuesday, April 5
Tues.
5. Doctor Ramon
Dr.
Wayne Hubbard Jun.
P O Box 300
Provo, UT 84603
Pilgrim Paint Comp.
42 Brush Hill Blvd.
Stowe, VT 05672
Mr. Aram Zakiam
1875 Summit Rd
Columbus, OH. 43201
Dr Bonnie Buckman
1015 Timberlane Av.
Mobile, Al 36609
Read the sentence aloud. When do you pause? Why?
His mother prepared warm flour tortillas, fried
eggs, and fresh salsa for breakfast.
• When you write, you must use a comma to tell
your reader where to pause.
• Commas help make the meaning of a sentence
clear.
Incorrect:
Evan bought oatmeal bread cheese and nuts.
How many things did Evan buy?
Correct:
Evan bought oatmeal, bread, cheese, and nuts.
Incorrect:
Carter likes to ski swim or play tennis.
How many sports does Carter enjoy?
Correct:
Carter likes to ski, swim, or play tennis.
,
,
1. Gold is found in California Idaho and Georgia.
,
,
2. Tim Kara and David are learning to pan for gold.
3. They scoop and toss dirt into a pan.
,
,
4. Then they sift shake and slosh the gravel.
,
,
5. Pebbles sand and gold are left in the pan.
What punctuation mark should you add to the second
sentence to make it correct?
Where did the horse get her wedding outfit, Allie?
Well, I guess she got it at the bridle shop.
• When you speak, you pause briefly if you begin
to answer a question with yes, no, or well.
• Use a comma after these words to show the
pause.
Yes, I gave the horse some oats.
No, I haven’t brushed his coat.
Well, you can clean his hoofs tomorrow.
• Sometimes you use a person’s name when you
speak directly to that person.
• When you write, use a comma to set off the
name of the person who is being spoken to.
Mariko, are you riding with us?
We wondered, Mariko, which trail to take.
We’re really happy that you’re joining us, Mariko!
Why commas are important…
When hunting, lions hide in the bushes.
When hunting lions, hide in the bushes.
Let’s eat, Grandma!
Let’s eat Grandma!
,
1. Brad have we always had horses in this country?
,
2. No explorers brought them in the 1500s.
,
3. They left some horses here Christopher.
,
4. Well did many people use the horses?
,
,
5. Later Eric horses pulled the pioneers’ wagons.
What did the cat say? How can you tell?
“What a glorious supper!” said the cat.
• direct quotation = exact words of a speaker
• Use quotation marks before and after a
speaker’s exact words.
• Do not put quotation marks around the words
that explain who is talking.
• Do not use quotation marks unless you give
the exact words of the speaker.
Mr. Stuart said that we would write fables today.
Mr. Stuart said, “We will write fables today.”
1. Ms. Diaz asked, Have you read Aesop’s fables?
2. I’ve read them all! Nick exclaimed.
3. James explained that the characters are talking animals.
4. Melissa told us that each story teaches a lesson.
5. Aesop lived over two thousand years ago, Kelly added.
I’ll win this race easily,” the hare
bragged.
The tortoise replied, We shall see.
The crowd yelled “that the hare
was way ahead.”
Then he announced, “I think I will
stop for a little snooze.”
The tortoise kept going until he
crossed the finish line. Where is the
hare?” he asked.
The hare is still napping! yelled
the crowd.
What two punctuation marks should you switch to
make the sentence correct?
“Does Polly want a cracker.” Emily asked?
• Always capitalize the first letter of a quote.
• When the quote comes last, use a comma to
separate it from the words that tell who is
speaking.
• The punctuation always goes inside the last
quotations marks.
Brittany said, “All birds have feathers.”
Hideki asked, “Can all birds fly?”
Lauren said, “Look at the tiny hummingbird.”
• When a quote is a statement or command
and comes first, put a comma inside the
quotes.
• If it is a question or exclamation, put the
question mark or exclamation point inside the
last quotation marks.
• A period always follows the last word in a
sentence.
“Say hello to Pauline,” Renee suggested.
“Pauline is a parrot!” I exclaimed.
“Does she know how to talk?” Renee
questioned.
1. Jay shouted there must be thirty birds here
2. Robin said I guess they like our bird feeder
3. Polly added they’re eating all the sunflower seeds
4. what kind of bird is that I asked
5. Look it up in our bird book Robin said
“what bird is always sad?” asked Heather
Brian replied, “It’s the bluebird, of course”.
“Name the bird that writes the best” said Heather.
Brian exclaimed “it must be the penguin”!
“What bird has an initial in its name”? Heather asked.
Brian responded, “could it be the blue jay?”
Make up interesting titles for these books.
5-9
Titles
Danger on Midnight River
Children of the Midnight Sun
The Old Man and His Door
The Fun Times
• In print, titles are written in italics.
Is Tom Sawyer your favorite book?
I am reading the magazine Stone Soup.
• Since you cannot write in italics, always underline
titles of books, newspapers, or magazines.
Is Tom Sawyer your favorite book?
I am reading the magazine Stone Soup.
How would you write these titles?
1. tracks in the wild
Tracks in the Wild
Tales of a Fourth
2. tales of a fourth grade nothing Grade Nothing
3. the rooftop reporter
The Rooftop Reporter
4. sports illustrated for kids
5. the real mcCoy
Sports Illustrated for Kids
The Real McCoy
Would you like to read Summer Of the Swans or
The life and times of the Peanut? Maybe you’d prefer
Arrow To the Sun or Orphan Train Rider. A New York
Times report says that Wendy’s Bookstore has books
for everyone. You can also find magazines like
highlights for Children and Ranger Rick.