Transcript -Ing forms and infinitives

-Ing forms and infinitives
We use the -ing forms
• Sometimes as a noun: Dancing is my
favourite hobby.
• After all prepositions, including particles of
phrasal verbs: I learned to play the guitar by
practising. I’ve given up smoking.
• After certain expressions/prepositional
phrases: I’m fed up with doing exams.
• As the second part of a compound
adjective: He’s very good-looking.
1) -ing forms
• After certain verbs:
1. Sarah enjoys going to school.
2. I’m considering going to college.
• After prepositions:
He’s looking forward to going to University.
Is there any point in studying literature?
• In certain expressions:
It’s no good/use waiting.
It’s not worth waiting.
It’s a waste of time asking.
I’m having difficulty/problems concentrating.
We spend a lot of time revising.
2. To-infinitive
After certain verbs/phrases:
I want to study medicine.
My friends taught me to swim.
I can’t afford to go on holiday.
Agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, decide, expect, …
• After certain adjectives or nouns:
It’s hard to learn language well.
It’s my ambition to be a doctor.
3. Bare infinitive
• After make/let:
The teacher let me go home.
• After certain expression:
I’d rather not go.
You’d better do your homework.
• After most modal verbs:
I might see you later.
• (!!Be careful of ought to: We ought to leave
now.)
4. -ing form vs infinitive
• I like to play/playing tennis on Saturday (specific
situation)
small change of meaning: begin, continue, start
• A. I remember starting primary school (memory
of a past event)
• B. I must remember to do my homework tonight.
(I mustn’t forget)
Complete change in meaning: forget, go on, mean, regret,
remember, stop, try
• A. I heard my friend shout (completed action)
• B. I heard my friend shouting (action in progress)