Transcript Slide 1
PIT TOP AND PIT BOTTOM LAYOUT The surface installations at the Brunswick No.12 lead/zinc mine mine, Canada Deepest Cu-Zn surface mine of Falconbridge Kidd Creek, Canada 5 4 1: Pit top of main production shaft 6 3 2: Pit top of auxiliary ventilation shaft 3: Stockade for transporting RoM 1 2 4: Loading bunkers 5: Ground stock 7 6: Railway wagons 7: Office, canteen etc. Surface Layout of a typical underground mine The Pyhäsalmi Copper Mine, Finland Overview of Plant Facilities of Kidd Creek Pit Top Facilities The Plant/Mill site should contain • • • • • • • • • • • • a stockpile for ore extracted before the concentrator is built (prea stockpile for construction materials, the topsoil stockpile, the mineral concentrator facility, the low-sulfur waste rock storage area, the wastewater treatment plant, wastewater storage basins, rainfall runoff basins, treated wastewater storage lagoons, the access road railroad a parking lot, and additional support features. The approximate d The mineral concentrator facility should contain five major components: • • • • • the grinding building, the reagent preparation and storage facility, the flotation building, the concentrate dewatering and loadout building the paste backfill preparation facility. The connected buildings should contain the facilities and equipment to recover the minerals and produce concentrates of zinc, copper, lead, and the pyritic paste backfill. The recovery processes would involve grinding, flotation, thickening, filtering, and concentrate storage/loadout, in addition to the facilities necessary for preparing the paste backfill. Tailing Management Area The Tailings Management Area (TMA) is designed as a lined solid waste disposal facility where tailings plus waste rock and minor amounts of other waste will be permanently disposed. The TMA includes • • • • • • an access road from the Plant/Mill site, the tailings distribution pipeline, rainfall runoff (stormwater) basins, soil borrow area, and the temporary high-sulfur waste rock storage area. The reclaim pond, a lined basin for recycling mill process water used to transfer tailings to the TMA, would be located immediately adjacent to the TMA. The total area of disturbance should be estimated. Wastewater Treatment and Soil Absorption Site The water treatment system would include: • • • • • addition of lime for neutralization and precipitation of dissolved metals; removal of metal precipitates and suspended solids by settling; addition of sulfuric acid for metal and sulfide precipitation; filtration; two-step reverse osmosis, a step necessary to meet numeric groundwater quality standards; • evaporation for concentration and volume reduction of rejected water from the osmosis step; and • processing evaporation water through an air stripper system for removal of ammonia Placerdome Gold Mine (HQ. Vancouver, Canada) Kiruna Mines layout CAR CIRCUITS AT PIT TOP Elliptic Circuit Elliptic Circuit Side by Side Elliptic Circuit Back Shunt Circuit Back Shunt Circuit TRVERSER CIRCUITS Traverser Circuit Turntable Creeper Shaft Turn Table Circuit Materials in Materials out PIT BOTTOM LAYOUT MAIN SHAFT VENTILATION SHAFT MAIN GATE FAC E HAULAGE HOIST TAIL GATE MAIN CROSS CUT HAULAGE HOIST MAIN ROAD WAY MAIN INCLINE INTERMEDIATE GATE FAC E Scheme of shaft bottom 1. Auxilary shaft, 2. Main shaft a. Two loops shaft bottom, b. shaft bottom with reversing switchs, c. Single lop shaft bottom The pit bottom layout depends on the following: • The type of shaft • Method of opening up of th eunderground deposits • Output capacity of the mine • Location of the shaft with respet to the faces • Number of shafts and winding installations • Traffic systems in the underground • Underground transport machinery