User Tools and BIM Case Studies

National Institute of Building Sciences Deke Smith, Executive Director February 25, 2008 International Alliance for Interoperability

Simple Message

BIM is the tool building SMART is the approach • Build building electronically before you build it physically • Collect information once and re-use throughout the facility lifecycle • Cut out non-value added effort (waste)

Simple Message

• building SMART will:

– Deliver a facility sooner – A lower cost higher quality facility – With few or no change orders – Delver a more energy efficient facility – Deliver a more sustainable facility – Deliver a more environmentally friendly facility

Agenda

• Last Month – BIM 101 • Tonight – buildingSMART Case Studies

– National BIM Standard – Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBIE) – Specifiers Property Sets – Sample Projects – BIMStorm Los Angles

Standards: NBIMS V1 P1

• Delivered Dec 27, 2007 • International Core • National Specific – OmniClass • Information Exchange Concepts • Standard Development Process • Information Assurance • Capability Maturity Model • References and Appendices • Over 30 contributors

BIM Capability Maturity Model – A Self Assessment

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

Data Richness

– How complete is the model?

Life-cycle Views

– How many phases are included?

Roles Or Disciplines Business process

– How many players?

– Are business processes defined?

Change Management

– Is change management process in place?

Timeliness/ Response

or Change Orders?

Delivery Method

– How long does it take you to respond to RFI’s – Is it single platform or SOA and web?

Graphical Information

– Are you using 3D models?

Spatial Capability

– Is it tied to geospatial or spatially aware?

Information Accuracy

– Do you use information assurance for input and output?

Interoperability/ IFC Support

– Do you use IFC’s as a primary tool?

Business Process Change: Requirements Definition

International Open Standards Based Technology Ifc, IDM, ERM, MDV, and IFD Library National BIM Standard Requirements Definition Precast OGC Testbed Vendor delivered product

Current Practice

2D Architectural Façade - contract drawings Sketch layout of façades without drawing individual panels; connections not fixed

New Practice

3D Architectural Façade - contract model Assembly model with all piece marks identified; parts defined to reflect fabrication practices

Measuring Return on Investment

Shop Drawing coordination 2D Precast fabrication; Façades - & piece marks Re-drawn as assembly drawings; each piece then drawn from assembly, defining connections, embeds, pass thrus, reinforcing Production Floor Management Coordinate multiple drawing sets; management production on paper-based tracking 3D Precast Façade generate piece marks Refine assembly model; pieces modeled in relation to assembly model, with connections, embeds, pass-thrus, reinforcing Shop Model coordination Production Floor Management All pieces in 3D make conflict checking simple, largely automated; materials, production tracked from assembly/erection model

Workflow Challenges - Integration

Workflow – Architectural Precast – Georgia Tech

Measuring Return on Investment Labor hours comparison

Profession Activity 2D CAD 3D BIM Productivity gain

Precaster Drafting Design 830 440 350 58%

Total hours reported by Arkansas Precast: 830 + 440 = 1,270 hours According to PCI Journal benchmark (Sacks et al. 2005) medium-sized architectural projects consume 37.5 hr/1000sq.ft.

This façade is 35,000 sq.ft. → 1,312 hours.

Sacks, R., Eastman, C. M., Lee, G., and Orndorff, D. (2005). "A Target Benchmark of the Impact of Three dimensional Parametric Modeling in Precast Construction." Journal of the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 50(4), 126-139.

Business Process Change: AECOO Testbed

Energy Code Compliance Checking Costing AECOO Testbed Green Buildings Energy Analysis

Business Process Change: COBIE Construction Operations Building Information Exchange

MICROSOFT CORPORATION Conception & Definition Phases Requestor Identify items from the specifications that will require warranty information Information Exchange Agreement BIM Data COBIE will demonstrate the flow of information through the phases of a facility something that is not yet happening yet Is critical to realize the total potential ROI Requestor Provider Procurement & Execution Phases Collect information as items are ordered and delivered such as who is warranting, when the warranty starts, how long is the warranty period, what preventive maintenance is required to keep the warranty in force MICROSOFT CORPORATION Information Exchange Agreement BIM Data Provider Utilization & Closure Phases Read the information collected directly into your CMMS software to ensure that the warranties are supported

Close Work Order When Model is Updated

Business Process Change: Work Orders

Analysis Product Selection Ordering & Invoicing Maintain

COBIE

Business Process Change: Coordinating Object Definitions

ISO/PAS 16739 (Industry Foundation Class)

ISO 15926 (Process Industry)

Business Process Change: Specifiers Property Sets

• Specifiers Property Sets

– June 08 Posting to WBDG – Candidate standard for NBIMS V1 P2 – Focus on items in spec not product – Manufacturers will provide objects with information specified in property sets Photo courtesy of Turner Construction Co.

Turning Waste into Value

• Collaborative Design / Conflict Elimination – Eliminate RFI’s – Reduce change orders • Code Compliance Checking – Access, Life safety, Energy, Environmental • Value Engineering – Evaluating alternative methods of providing same or better functionality – Improving functionality of process or people – 3.8% pays for facility • Reducing Energy Usage / Operating Cost – Energy analysis and investigations of alternatives – Daylighting analysis

Turning Waste Into Value

• Reducing Sustainability Costs – Lifecycle Costing/Reserve Study • Improving Environmental Stewardship – Zero Carbon analysis – Construction and facility waste reduction and re-use – Alternative positioning and site design analysis • Quality Analysis – Wind flow, External pressures, snow drifting – Acoustic analysis • Visualization – Customer and constructability experiential opportunities

Building Virtually First – True As-Built

Courtesy Benjamin D. Hall Interdisciplinary Research Building

Progression of Visualization

Photorealistic images in 3ds Max From Cadalyst Magazine “BIM and Visualization, Part 2 (1-2 3 Revit Tutorial) ” Aug 1, 2007 By: Rick Rundell, AIA, Some graphics by Autodesk Revit and RTKL, permission provided.

Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum STUDIO DANIEL LIBESKIND/DAVIS PARTNERSHIP ARUP M.A. MORTENSON STRUCTURAL CONSULTANTS, INC.

DOWCO MILE HI DETAILERS ZIMMERMAN METALS

Case Study

Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Daniel Libeskind ’s Denver Art Museum

Case Study

Contrary to the belief of some BIM does not stifle creativity… …in fact it enables it.

Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum

A Visual Reason For BIM

3D 2D Visualization

with Conflict Analysis

Reality

Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Case Studies – Conflict Analysis

Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum Visualization during design and construction Better integration of systems and conflict analysis Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Culture Change at GM – Save 25%

General Motors Flint Engine Plant addition

3D modeling used to design plant in the computer, then to fabricate, computer model was forced to be the as-built model Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Workflow Challenges – Design and Construction

Owner ARCH Preliminary Design Model COST SPEC ARCH SIM PWR ARCH SAFE APPROVED Working Design Model OPER CONSTRUCT MECH SUP ELEC FAB STRU GC CIVIL After All Clashes Have Been Resolved Lock the Model and Build It OPER Delivered Model FR IOC

Business Needs - Improved Product

Design Design GC Bids GC Reviews Awd 18 3 4 2 Construction 55

Conventional Design/Bid/Build (80+ weeks, 60 Weeks if fast tracked)

Field Changes 4 Field Changes Design Construction 12 48

Conventional Design/Build (60+ weeks, 50 Weeks if fast tracked)

1 Design Construction Field Changes 0

3D Collaborative Design/Build (48 weeks, 38 Weeks if fast tracked)

General Motors Flint Engine 500,000 SF Plant addition

Multiple Types of Analysis from the Same Model

Global V6 engine plant for General Motors – Flint, MI (Courtesy: GHAFARI Associates)

Engineering News Record November 26, 2007 Sutter Health

Lean Construction Institute

“The process brought contractors in during the design phase which enabled collaborative building information modeling. That allowed the team to solve conflicts before construction….Further the mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire protection trades reported only 43 hours of re-work out of 2,500 hours of work. There were no requests for information or change orders from interferences between 3D modeled systems.”

BIM: Business Process Change

Merging Integrated Project Delivery, Lean Construction and Building Information Modeling

Charlestown Casino & Slots Parking Garage

Case Study

Four Case Studies

Summary Findings: •

Featured firms are leveraging BIM to:

– enhance delivery and value of their core expertise – streamline their workflow – improve communication with clients, consultants, contractors – broaden the services they offer to clients – increase net revenue per employee and P/E ratio •

Range of services to which BIM is being applied:

– detailed feasibility studies (pre-design) – programming and planning (pre-design) – early cost estimating, value engineering (design development) – historic preservation (pre-design through construction)

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies

OLBN Architectural Services, Inc.

•

Proposed Project Scope Support Program Development Study for:

– proposed U.S. cabinet department headquarters facility – 160-acre urban campus – former St. Elizabeth's Hospital – 61 existing buildings, nearly all historic – 12 proposed new buildings – 4 new parking garages Goal: provide sufficiently reliable construction cost information and support documentation for Congressional funding authorization request

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies

OLBN Architectural Services, Inc.

•

Take into account:

– clients’ program requirements – federal historic preservation standards – current building codes, including seismic codes – LEED standards – security requirements – structural integrity of existing structures – blast resistance requirements – progressive collapse analysis – sufficiently reliable documentation to support Congressional funding authorization request

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies

OLBN Architectural Services, Inc.

•

Prepare detailed cost estimates (to the dollar) for three alternatives:

– restoration of existing structures to federal historic preservation standards – gut rehab – blended solutions (exterior preservation, interior rehab) •

Project schedule:

– six weeks for construction cost estimate task order

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies

OLBN Architectural Services, Inc.

•

How Did They Do It?

– leveraged proprietary project management skills to assemble and lead expert team that included AEC Infosystems – used GSA-provided BIM models of existing buildings created by others from point-cloud 3D laser scanning data – added detailed building component information to BIM models of existing buildings – prepared schematic design drawings from BIM model of restoration or renovation of existing buildings – provided detailed design and construction schematic drawings to engineering and cost estimating consultants

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies

OLBN Architectural Services, Inc.

•

Exceeding Client Expectations

– provided detailed visualizations of design alternatives, giving graphical expression to construction cost estimates.

Case Study: BIM in support of programming & planning

Onuma, Inc.

•

Leveraged planning knowledge and expertise to:

– develop Web-based tools for real-time project programming and planning to meet specific client needs – move the benefits of BIM forward to pre-design phases – enable “multiple points of entry” for BIM data, including but not limited to geometry – allow users, project team members to view and manipulate BIM data in format that is most familiar and useful to them, with minimal skill – move from a service to a product business model (Onuma Planning System™)

Case Study: BIM in support of programming & planning

Onuma, Inc.

Case Study: BIM in support of programming & planning

Onuma, Inc.

Case Study: BIM in design development cost analysis

FOX Architects

“ Constructable visualization” in design development phase

Case Study: BIM in design development cost analysis

FOX Architects

“ Constructable visualization ” in design development phase

Case Study: BIM in design development cost analysis

FOX Architects

“ Constructable visualization” in design development phase

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation

Martinez & Johnson Architects

3D laser scan of existing historic theatre

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation

Martinez & Johnson Architects

Construction drawings developed from BIM model from scan data

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation

Martinez & Johnson Architects

Finished result: the renovated theatre

What do these four firms have in common?

Four Case Studies

– all are relatively small firms (OLBN, Onuma have fewer than 10 employees) – all are realizing tangible gains in productivity, team communication, and quality of service – none are waiting for the rest of the industry to jump on the BIM bandwagon; all are finding ways to exploit BIM now – all are leveraging BIM to enhance the value of their services and extend the range of their core competencies, not just BIMming for BIM’s sake – all have a strategy for defining business goals and implementing BIM for business reasons

Building Information Modeling Opportunities

Architectural Heritage Conservation

Palazzo Dugnani, Sala del Tiepolo

Detailed Energy Simulation Courtesy Prof. Ezio Arlati, Politecnico Di Milano – Architecture Preservation

Case Study – Energy Analysis

Energy Simulation of interoperable models by Energy Plus TEMPERATURA MURATURA A NORD - PIANO TERRA

30.00

25.00

TEMPERATURA MURATURA A OVEST - PIANO TERRA

30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

January February March April May June Jul y t Augus Septem ber October No vember De cember

MESI

3.2.1.1.MW.0.18:Surface Inside Temperature[C](Monthly) 3.2.1.1.MW.0.18:Surface Outside Temperature[C](Monthly) 20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

January February March April May June Jul y Augus t Septem ber October No vember De cember

MESI

3.2.1.1.M.N.0.5:Surface Inside Temperature[C](Monthly) 3.2.1.1.M.N.0.5:Surface Outside Temperature[C](Monthly)

TEMPERATURA MURATURA A EST - PIANO TERRA

30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

January February March April May June Jul y Augus t Septem ber October No vember De cember

MESI

3.2.1.1.M.N.0.8:Surface Inside Temperature[C](Monthly) 3.2.1.1.M.N.0.8:Surface Outside Temperature[C](Monthly)

TEMPERATURA MURATURA A SUD - PIANO TERRA

30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

January February March April May June Jul y t Augus Septem ber October No vember De cember

MESI

3.2.1.1.MS.0.17:Surface Inside Temperature[C](Monthly) 3.2.1.1.MS.0.17:Surface Outside Temperature[C](Monthly) Courtesy Prof. Ezio Arlati, Politecnico Di Milano

Case Studies – Existing Facility Management

Copyright Sydney Opera House. Courtesy Utzon Architects/Johnson Pilton Walker (Architects in collaboration), ARUP Sectional View of Sydney Opera House

BIMStorm LA –January 31, 2008

The BIMStorm Site - 1200 Buildings

Panorama of the BIMStorm LA Site

BIMStorm™ LA

Tower Interiors

24 Hours of BIMStorm

Wind Flow and Force Analysis

Wind Flow at Ground Level

Impact of Solar Radiation on Surrounding Buildings

Daylighting Penetration Study

Information Dissemination

Press, Conferences, Webinars and other methods

Why Join the Alliance?

• Participate in projects defining the future • Leverage your implementation cost • Reduce risk and time in implementation • Learn from others successes and failures • Obtain the latest practice information • Attain a greater understanding of BIM • Understand what is possible and what is not • Don’t re-invent the wheel • Identify others using BIM • Lead don’t follow © M.A. Mortenson Company

How to join the Alliance?

1. Visit www.buildingsmartalliance.org

2. Apply on-line or contact:

Deke Smith – [email protected]

(202) 289-7800 or Peter Smeallie [email protected]

Questions?

Deke Smith

[email protected]

(202) 289-7800

Thank You

Deke Smith

[email protected]

(202) 289-7800