Transcript Personal Health 2002 Chapter 5 Human Sexuality

An Invitation to Health
Chapter 12
Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse
Dr. Lana Zinger
©2004 Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Smoking Statistics
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Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause
of death in the United States claiming 440,00
lives each year.
It accounts for 1 in 5 deaths in the United
States.
It accounts for between $50 billion and $73
billion in medical expenses.
In the course of a lifetime, the average smoker
can expect to spend tens of thousands of
dollars on cigarettes.
Tobacco Components
 Nicotine
 A dangerous, colorless, oily compound.
 Highly addictive stimulant both physically and
psychologically.
 Nicotine spreads to the nervous system within 8 seconds.
 Gases,Vapors,Chemicals and Compounds
 Carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, acetone,
cadmium, pyridine, benzene, phenol, acrolin, vinyl chloride,
hydrogen cyanide and sulfide, formaldehyde, and ammonia.
 Tar which Contains numerous cancer-causing particles
(carcinogens) that remain in the lungs.
Tobacco contains 4,00+ compounds and toxic substances
The Immediate Effects Of
Nicotine On The Body
Brain
Heart
Nicotine first stimulates the nervous system,
then triggers release of tranquilizing brain
neurotransmitters and hormones (dopamine,
acetylcholine and adrenaline).
The bloodstream absorbs nicotine from the
lungs.
Nicotine causes the heartbeat to quicken.
Blood
Vessels
Nicotine causes the blood vessels to
constrict, causing higher blood pressure.
Lungs
Some Effects Of Smoking On The Body
Health Effects Of Smoking On The Body
Why Do People Keep Smoking?
Pleasure
Use Of Other
Substances
Dependence
Mental
Disorders
Fear of
Weight Gain
Why Do People Start Smoking?
Genetics
Parental Role
Adolescent
Models
Experimentation
Depression
Limited
Education
Weight
Control
Aggressive
Marketing
Stress
Addiction
Who Smokes In America?
By Age
By Gender
By
Race/Ethnicity
Youths 12-17 yrs
13%
Young Adults 1825 yrs
39%
Adults 26+ yrs
24%
Males
27%
Whites
26%
Blacks
24%
Hispanics
21%
Females
23%
Smoke-Free Housing
Other Forms of Tobacco
Cigars
“Safer”
Cigarettes
Clove
Cigarettes
Smokeless
Tobacco
Bidis
Pipes
The Dangers Of
Cigarettes Versus Cigars
Smokeless Tobacco
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15 million Americans
Just as addictive as cigarette
smoking.
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Associated Health Problems:
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Gingivitis, peridontitis, oral
cancer, premature death,
more cavities, sore gums, bad
breath, stained teeth,
diminished sense of smell
and taste, increased heart rate
and blood pressure, and
addiction.
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
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Secondhand cigarette smoke is the most hazardous
form of indoor air pollution.
 Causes 3,000 deaths from lung cancer.
 Increases the risk of heart disease, some cancers,
sick leave rates, asthma, wheezing and bronchitis.
Mainstream smoke
Sidestream smoke
Prenatal exposure to tobacco
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
How To Quit
Stop-Smoking Groups
Living Smoke Free
Use delaying tactics.
Distract yourself.
Establish nonsmoking hours.
Never smoke two packs of the same brand in a row.
Make it harder to get your cigarettes.
Change the way you smoke.
Keep daily records.
Stop completely for just one day at a time.
Spend more time in places where you can’t smoke.
Go cold turkey.