Transcript Document
TRANSLATION (5) LECTURE (2-2) INTERPRETING Eman Baghlaf Types of interpreting in terms of method used 1-Consecutive interpreting 2-Simultaneous interpreting 3-Whispered interpreting 4-Liaison interpreting Consecutive The interpreter listens to a (sometimes fairly lengthy ) section of a speech delivered in the SL, and makes notes ; such notes tend to serve simply as a brief memory aid rather than being a shorthand transcription of all that is said. The speaker then pauses to allow the interpreter to render what has been said into TL ; when the section has been interpreted, the speaker resumes with the next section until the whole speech has been delivered and interpreted into TL. During Consecutive Interpreting the speaker stops every 1–5 minutes (usually at the end of every "paragraph" or complete thought) and the interpreter then steps in to render what was said into the target language. Many professional interpreters develop their own "ideogramic" symbology, which allows them to take down not the words, but the thoughts of the speaker in a sort of language-independent form. Then the interpreter's output is more idiomatic and less source-language bound. Skills that consecutive interpreters should have : A high level of SL comprehension Advanced note taking skills Excellent general knowledge An accurate memory A confident manner of delivery Simultaneous In simultaneous interpreting the interpreter acts as a kind of invisible presence : sitting in a special booth and working with headphones and a microphone. He or she listens to an SL speech, and reformulates it in TL as it is delivered. Whispered A form of interpreting in which the interpreter sits next to the client or delegate for whom he or she is interpreting and whispers the interpreted version of what is being said. It is used in various settings such as business meetings , conferences and trials. It is distinguished from simultaneous interpreting in that the interpreter does not work from a booth. It is usually performed simultaneously. Liaison (bilateral interpreting) It is defined as a type of interpreting in which an individual who speaks two languages mediates in a conversation between two or more individuals who do not speak each other’s tongue. It is used in any small-scale context such as business meetings , official visits or informal conversations. It is bi-directional and is usually performed sentence by sentence in a consecutive manner. The different types of interpreting can be summarized in the following diagram : Community According to contexts Conference Court Interpreting (oral) Consecutive Translation Translation (written) Simultaneous According to methods Whispered Bilateral