Transcript L’ETA’ DEL LIBERALISMO E SECONDA RIVOLUZIONE INDUSTRIALE

SECOND INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
We say it started in 1870, but
since 1850 there were a lot of
new inventions
FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
ENGLAND 1782-1870
1830-70
SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
EUROPE – USA
1850-70
1890-1914
INNOVATIONS
 TECHNOLOGICAL
INNOVATIONS
 OIL it was used in gasoline engine
 ELECTRICITY it changed the work in the
factories
 STEEL
 CHEMICAL aluminum, dye, soda
 DISCOVERIES
 Light bulb
 Gasoline engine
 Telephone
 Wireless telegraph
 Flying machine
 Typewriter
 Safety elevator
Light bulb
 The inventor was Thomas
Edison
Thelephone
 It was invented by
Alexander Bell
Flying machine
 The inventors were the
Wright brothers
Wireless telegraph
 It was invented by
Guglielmo Marconi
Typewriter
 It was invented by
Giuseppe Ravizza
Gasoline engine
 It was made by
Eugenio Barsanti and
Felice Matteucci
Safety elevator by Elisha Otis
How the life changed between the first and the
second industrial revolution:
 Better food
 Increase in population
 More hygiene
 Elimination seroius disease
 Market expantion
 Increase in population
 Increase in production
 New tools
 Products accessible to all
 Manufactured at low cost
How the factory changed
 The first industrial revolution
began in the textile sector, it
was the first in which the steam
machines were introduced.
 The second industrial revolution
introduced the assembly line
production in factories.
 It allowed a virtually unlimited
supply of goods at a lower cost
than previously
The assembly line production (invented by
Taylor)
The factory isn’t a place where you can use machines, it
became a machine
Work
Work
breakdown
breakdown
means
To estabilish the movements
that workers must make
To organize work operations in
accordance with criteria of
efficiency and productivity
To connect the
wage to
productivity
reduction of labor costs, the amount of labor involved but wage increases
INCREASED PRODUCTION
The assembly line in Ford
factories.
The second industrial revolution interested
 TRANSPORT: trains, cars, boats
 COMMUNICATIONS: telegraph
 MEDICINE: new vaccines
 ECONOMY: stock exchange, joint stock
company, capitalism.
 SOCIETY: society of mass - where there
are large quantities of consumer goods for an
unlimited number of people. NEW PARTIES
ENGLAND – QUEEN VICTORIA
(Victorian Age)
Victorian London was a city of contrasts.
The construction of beautiful new
public buildings and new
residential neighborhoods
was in contrast
with the horrible and overcrowded
slums where the people lived in
conditions that are often inhumane.
FRANCE - NAPOLEONE III
 Development of road network
 Development of railway
 Creation of ports and canals
 Modernization of the city of
Paris
 New mines
 Suez
 Frejus and Moncenisio
tunneling
The third industrial revolution
Third industrial revolution
1945- today
With the third industrial revolution,
the production is automated
FIRST
INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
•Steam engine by J.
SECOND
INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
•Railways
• Scientific and
technological research
of individuals and
groups of researchers
•Source of energy: coal
•Source of energy: oil
•Textile industry and
•Chemical,
mechanical, food
industry
Watt
mining.
•Small Businesses.
•Lack of competition.
•monopolies and
oligopolies
•Capitalism competition
THIRD
INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
•Computer, Internet,
atomic energy,
space travel,
telecommunications,
bioengineering.
•Atomic Energy and
several alternative
energies
•System of multinational
corporations, global
economy