Transcript Unit V - Mr. Farshtey

Unit V
Review Questions
A
B
C
D
E
1. Asian and African countries developed
nationalism as a result of Europeans:
A.unintentionally uniting people through
educational efforts.
B. promoting free trade associations among the
colonies.
C. establishing Christianity as the common religion.
D.discouraging patriotic feelings toward the mother
country.
E. allowing education in the mother country.
A
2. Non-Western nationalist movements in the early
20th century had which of the following in
common?
A. They were led by Marxists looking to overturn
capitalist structures.
B. They released nativist energies that undermined
reformist efforts.
C. They typically were led by Western-educated
elites looking to modernize their nations.
D. They were imbued with egalitarian, progressive
impulses for the under-classes in their nations.
E. They usually involved a complete rejection of
Western material culture.
C
3. Which of the following statements concerning the
Bolshevik takeover of Russia is NOT true?
A) After 1945, the Soviet Union emerged as one of two
great world powers along with the United States.
B) Stalin continued Lenin's focus on internationalizing the
Marxist struggle.
C) Russian defeats in WW I along with food shortages
and a corrupt government led the people to revolt and
the Czar to abdicate.
D) Lenin promised land to the peasant members of
soviets.
E) British, French, and American troops landed at several
Russian ports in 1918 and provided support for the
counter-revolutionary White forces.
B
4. Which statement best explains why India was
partitioned in 1947?
A. The British feared a united India.
B. One region wanted to remain under British
rule.
C. Religious differences led to a political division.
D. Communist supporters wanted a separate
state.
E. The US did not want to allow Gandhi to rule all
of India.
C
5. Which of the following was NOT typical of
military governments established in Latin
America during the 1960s and 1970s?
A) repression of human rights
B) support for labor groups and the working class
C) bureaucratic organization similar to a military
chain of command
D) stringent measures to control inflation
E) some form of presidency controlled by the
military
B
6. After the Versailles Conference, Arab leaders
A) were frustrated by the limited autonomy granted
them as mandate states
B) were content with their new-found
independence
C) were overjoyed by the Balfour Declaration
D) were grateful to the Turkish government for
standing up on behalf of the Middle East at the
conference
E) were angry that Middle Eastern affairs had not
been discussed at all during the conference
A
7. Prior to World War I, what was the primary difference
between the Egyptian and the Indian nationalist movements?
A) In India, a single political party dominated the nationalist
movement, but in Egypt, a variety of rival parties proliferated.
B) The Egyptian nationalist movement was dominated by the
peasantry, while in India Western-educated lawyers ran the
movement.
C) Whereas India was dominated by the British since the
eighteenth century, Europeans played no role in Egyptian
colonialism.
D) Egypt lacked an educated elite capable of assuming leadership
of the nationalist movement.
E) Egyptians advocated the radical overthrowing of colonial
powers, while leaders in India encouraged the populace to
become more western.
A
8. Which of the following statements concerning the Ottoman
Empire is most accurate?
A) As a result of their participation in World War I, the
Ottoman Empire effectively collapsed.
B) The Ottoman participation on the Allied side allowed the
Turks to reassert their dominance over the Arabs.
C) The Ottoman Empire was rewarded in the Treaty of
Versailles by the grant of substantial territories in the
Balkans.
D) With the withdrawal of Russia from the conflict, the
Ottoman recovered much land previously lost in southern
Russia.
E) Unlike the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire
was severely weakened by World War I but continued to
exist as a political entity.
A
9. Many historians agree that the causes of World
War I stem from:
A.Nationalism, fascism, alliance systems, and
colonialism
B. Imperialism, assassination, socialism and alliance
systems
C. Alliance systems, imperialism, militarism,
communism
D.Militarism, nationalism, colonialism, capitalism
E. Imperialism, militarism, alliance systems,
nationalism
E
10. How did Stalin's view of communism differ from that
of Lenin?
A) Lenin was only interested in the Russian revolution and
did not visualize any further revolutionary process.
B) Lenin was more interested in including a broad swath
of the Russian population in the communist
movement.
C) Stalin concentrated on a strongly nationalist version of
communism and concentrated on "socialism in one
country."
D) Stalin was not a member of the Communist Party.
E) Stalin wanted to see communism quickly spread
around the world.
C
11. Which of the following was NOT a problem for
the new nations created in the wake of the
withdrawal of European imperialists?
A) underdeveloped economic and state structure.
B) divisions between different ethnic groups and
religions
C) reconquest by Europeans
D) concessions made to departing colonizers
E) All of the above were problems for the new
nations created in the wake of the withdrawal of
European imperialists.
C*
12. The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and
China under Mao emphasized centralized
economic planning and five-year plans
primarily to
A. develop heavy industry.
B. manufacture more consumer goods.
C. expand exports.
D. create an increased demand for high-quality
imports.
E. produce hi-tech products.
A
13. Which statement is most accurate about Latin
America today?
A.Elections in several Central and South American
nations have brought communist governments to
power.
B. Military governments or dictatorships have been
replaced by democracies in many Latin American
nations.
C. Most Latin American governments are
encouraging subsistence agriculture.
D.Debts owed to most foreign nations have been
paid.
E. US support has placed most leaders in power.
B
14. Which of the following statements concerning
the states of the Pacific Rim is most accurate?
A) Individualism was the hallmark of the economic
development of this region.
B) The Pacific Rim states abandoned traditional
Confucian concepts in pursuit of Western culture.
C) Most of the states of the Pacific Rim depended
on centralized government planning with sharp
limitations on dissent and instability.
D) All of the states of the Pacific Rim benefited from
having been former British colonies.
E) All of the states of the Pacific Rim had robust
economies due to free-market competition.
C
(Skip or ?)
15.Which of the following was not among the
effects of World War I?
A.At least ten million people were killed
B. The belligerents dissipate their national wealth
and left their countries deeply in debt
C. Resulting tensions and resentments led to the
emergence of the totalitarian state
D.Autocratic monarchies in Germany, AustriaHungary, and Russia were swept away.
E. Ideas of self-determination were used in
determining the fates of the former colonies of
the Central Powers.
E
16.As regards the intellectual or spiritual "mood" of
western societies after World War I,
A) some intellectuals believed that the horrors of
World War I demonstrated the profound
weakness of western culture.
B) the people of Europe were strongly opposed to
totalitarian government.
C) the people of the United States favored greater
American involvement in the political and cultural
affairs of Europe.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
A
17. Mahatma Gandhi and Jomo Kenyatta were
similar in that both
A. supported colonial policies
B. sought to gain independence from Great
Britain
C. led a worldwide boycott of British goods
D. used violent revolution to achieve their aims
E. turned to communism for inspiration
B
18. Which basic belief characterized the totalitarian
governments of Benito Mussolini and Saddam
Hussein?
A.Nations must have written constitutions and free
elections.
B. All religions are accepted.
C. The needs of the state are more important than
individual rights.
D.Representatives of the people make the laws.
E. International human rights law is supreme.
C
19. Anti-colonial movements shared all of the
following features EXCEPT
A.some form of nationalism
B.inspiration from their traditional culture
C.dissatisfaction among elites
D. a steady commitment to democracy
E. efforts to develop a mass anti-imperialist
movement
D
20. Which of the following was NOT a feature of
twentieth-century history?
A) The formation of international organizations
B) A changing balance of power
C) A lessening of conflict
D) Massive population growth
E) Changing patterns of global migration
C
21. Western nations lost their empires in Asia
and Africa chiefly in the three-decade period
from
A. 1885-1915.
B. 1915-1945.
C. 1945-1975.
D. 1965-1995.
E. None of the above
C
22. Which of the following best describes how
many Europeans, living through the Great
Depression, thought about political systems?
a)All forms of governments are bad
b)Liberalism is the best form of government
c) Liberalism was in decline and authoritarianism
was on the rise
d)Both Liberalism and authoritarianism are good
e)Authoritarianism is evil
C
23. Which of the following was NOT a feature of the
two world wars?
A) The wars were more destructive due to deadly
modern weapons.
B) The impact was not limited to Europe and Asia.
C) Governments controlled public opinion through
manipulation of mass media.
D) Strict government regulation prevented material
shortages and famine.
E) Large-scale entry of women into the labor force.
D
24. Within their respective nations, both Ho Chi
Minh and Fidel Castro achieved their goals by
A. seeking aid and support from the European
Union.
B. using armed conflict to bring a democratic
government to power.
C. following a policy of nonalignment.
D. working to build a capitalist system.
E. successfully resisting a US-backed military
intervention.
E
25.In the early 20th century, what were two of
the more powerful forces for change?
A) Environmentalism and feminism.
B) Pacifism and the secret ballot
C) Nationalism and the desire for social justice
D) Unionization and intellectualism
E)Democratization and fascism.
C
(bit vague)
26.The Depression of 1929
A.Had far less of an impact on Latin America than it
had on Europe or the U.S.
B. Was not the turning point that the First and
Second World Wars were
C. Caused Latin America to veer towards
authoritarian regimes
D.Impacted Europe but had almost no effect on
Asia.
E. Encouraged a move towards democratization
worldwide.
C*
27. World War II represented a change in military
tactics and moral values as
a. captured soldiers were routinely executed
b. countries employed industrial technologies in
warfare
c. victors demonized their enemies in propaganda
campaigns
d. victors demanded the unconditional surrender of
defeated enemies
e. armies ceased to distinguish between soldiers
and civilians in attacks
E
28. Solidarity in Poland and Gorbachev's rule in
the Soviet Union
a)represent a resurgence of Communist power
b)represent the beginning of the end for
Communist control in the Soviet Union
c) contributed to the escalation of the unclear
arms race during the Cold War
d)contributed to rising military tensions
between the US and the Soviet Union
e)had little or no impact on the wider world
B
29. Which major country has successfully
resisted the trend towards democratic reform
in the late 20th century?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Russia
Taiwan
South Africa
China
Chile
D
30. Which of the following does NOT represent a
major motivation behind migration?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the lure of economic opportunity
famine at home
the desire for political freedom
to flee violence and conflict
the desire to embrace new cultures
E
31. Which of the following is the most critical in
controlling the birth rate in a society?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
government regulations
education level of women
personal income and standard of living
availability of contraception
degree of urbanization
B
32. In wealthier, industrial nations, populations are
A.growing rapidly because people can afford to
have more children
B. shrinking because disease has raised the
mortality rates among children
C. growing very slowly or shrinking due to lower
fertility rates
D.growing rapidly because health care has
improved life expectancy
E. growing rapidly due to high rates of immigration
C
33. One of the chief by-products of population
growth in the Third World nations has been
A) industrialization.
B) mass migration to cities.
C) imposition of effective state birth control
programs.
D) intensive programs of land redistribution.
E) a strong commitment to maintaining rural
agrarian societies.
B
34. Which of the following statements about units
of analysis in the 20th Century is accurate?
A.Words like "nation" do not precisely describe
groups like the Kurds.
B. The "Third World" is a term that appropriately
includes nations like Brazil and China.
C. Using a phrase like "the West" properly
encapsulates countries like Greece and England.
D.There is no instance in which the term "the
world" is an appropriate unit of analysis.
E. All units of analysis are meaningless in the 20th
Century.
A
(end on a strange one)