THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
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Transcript THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
THE
INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
CAUSES, EFFECTS, AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS
What was the Industrial
Revolution?
New manufacturing process that used machines
(rather than humans)
Revolutionized mass production from 1820 to 1840
Started with textiles
Increased production, lowered costs of goods, led to
new technologies
Essential question: did the Industrial Revolution have
a more positive or more negative impact on life?
New Changes
Recap: what was the economy based on
before the Industrial Rev?
Predict: how would the Industrial Rev change
that?
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS
THINGS GOT REALLY BAD REALLY QUICKLY
Urbanization
Urbanization
Movement
jobs
to cities for
Overcrowding
Tenement
homes
Slums
No
sanitation, limited
running water, electricity,
disease rampant
Short
life expectancies
Working Conditions and Wages
Factory system
Less
skilled (no more apprenticeships or masters)
Conditions
….coal
Long
Not
were dirty, dangerous, and unhealthy
mines, anyone?
hours (12-16 hrs)
paid well (women and children less than men
for same work)
Child Labor
Child Labor
Earned 10% of an adult male’s wage
Those late for work were severely punished
They were hit with straps to work faster
Some children were dipped head first into a water cistern if
they became drowsy
Talking to other children was forbidden
Accidents were commonplace
A visitor to Manchester commented that he had seen so many
people in the streets without arms and legs that it was like "living
in the midst of the army just returned from a campaign."
Worker’s Ages in Cotton Mills
Age
Under 11
11-16
17-21
22-26
27-31
32-36
37-41
42-46
47-51
52-56
57-61
Male
246
1169
736
612
355
215
168
98
88
41
28
Female
155
1123
1240
780
295
100
81
38
23
4
3
Horrible Histories
“Victorian Work Song”
https://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=zF_U4VG
l1Jk
Women in the Workforce
Factory jobs to support their family
Paid half or a third of an adult male’s salary
Social Hierarchy Shift
Ownership of land
no longer most
important factor
Industrial
capitalists (factory
owners)
Engineers,
managers,
shopkeepers
Urban poor (factory
workers)
Imperialism
Countries needed more raw materials to fuel the
growing Industrial Revolution and demand by
the people
Where will they go?
Southeast
Asia
Africa
How will they treat their new colonies?
Direct
control versus indirect control
Feared
rebellion; more strict control
How did people respond to the changes
and abuses of the Industrial Revolution?
With a partner, predict demands and reforms
ask by each of the following social groups:
Women
Children
Wages
Factory
Living
conditions
conditions
How did people respond?
Britain passed
child labor and
women labor laws
Reformers
regulated living
and working
conditions
Workers formed
unions
How did people respond?
Growing
gap between rich
and poor made people mad
Socialism
and communism
Government
the economy
Vs
controls and plans
Adam Smith’s capitalism
LONG-TERM EFFECTS
ENOUGH DEPRESSING STUFF; LET’S DISCUSS HAPPY IMPACTS
Leisure
By the 1900s, more
money + more free time
= more fun!
Parks
Circuses
Sports—football
Bicycles
Libraries
Operas, theaters &
museums
Realism and Romanticism
Health & Welfare
Smallpox vaccine
Penicillin
Antiseptics
Salvation
Army
Closure
Respond to one of the two following short-response
prompts:
Do you think we’re undergoing a new revolution?
What would it be called?
How will it impact society?
What will history books write about your generation?
Did the Industrial Revolution have more positive or
negative consequences?
Were the short-term atrocities negated by the long-term impacts?
Would communism have been as wide-spread