Transcript Martial Arts as a Recreation Therapy Intervention

Martial Arts as a Recreation
Therapy Intervention
ATRA Annual Conference
2004 – Kansas City
Don Rogers, Ph.D., CTRS
Indiana State University
Department of Recreation & Sport Management
John Shireman, M.S.
Indiana State University
Department of Physical Education
Overview of Seminar: Part 1
• Introduction to Martial Arts
• Variety of styles
• Emphasis/strengths of each style
• Inclusion potential
• Focus on two styles with
adaptations:
• Hap Ki Do
• Kali
Overview of Seminar: Part 1
• Benefits of MA
• Physical benefits
• Psychological benefits
• Social benefits
• Suggestions for applications in
treatment
• Physical rehabilitation
• Mental health
Overview of Seminar: Part 2
• Teach beginning level techniques
of Hap Ki Do
• Teach beginning level techniques
of Kali
• Participant demonstrations of
techniques learned
Introduction to Martial Arts
• Martial Arts
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Definition
Holistic nature
Adaptability
Instructors
Students
MA Styles, Strengths
& Inclusion Potential
Judo
• Described
• Translated means “the gentle way”.
• Sport oriented Martial art, in which two
practitioners attempt to throw the other to
the ground.
• This system also uses submission holds
once the players hit the ground
• Strengths of the style
• Great for exercise, and is also nice
because of the added sport aspect.
• Since there is no striking, students may
perform the movements at full speed
when they have spent the appropriate
amount of time learning the movements.
• Due to the twisting nature of the throws
Judo may enhance the mobility and range
of motion of the lower spine.
• Inclusion potential
• Judo is studied widely by people with
sensory impairments.
MA Styles, Strengths
& Inclusion Potential
Karate
• Described
• Translated means “empty hand”.
Originated in Okinawa.
• This system of martial arts uses the hands,
feet, elbow, and knees as striking tools to
defeat an opponent.
• Strengths of the style
• This style uses katas as a means of
practicing movements.
• This style of martial arts is great for
increasing muscular strength and
endurance, as well as precision of
movement.
• This form of martial arts is used primarily
for self-defense.
• Inclusion potential
• Reported among people with spinal cord
injuries.
MA Styles, Strengths
& Inclusion Potential
Kung Fu
• Described
• Originated from Shaolin temples in
China.
• Two major divisions: Hard Schools
(ex Wing Chun) and Soft Schools (ex
Tai Chi)
• Strengths of the style
• Aside from being a great form of
exercise, Kung Fu also challenges a
practitioner’s ability to concentrate.
• The hard systems of Kung Fu are
great for self- defense.
• Inclusion potential
• Demonstrated effective among
people with spinal cord impairments.
MA Styles, Strengths
& Inclusion Potential
Tai Chi
• Described
• This form of Kung Fu is often
referred to as a “moving mediation”.
• This art utilizes soft flowing
movements found in Kung Fu.
• Strengths of the style
• The practice of Tai Chi can be
performed solo, and since the
student is not being thrown, punched
or kicked it is easy on the body.
• The practice of this art is known to
relieve stress, anxiety, and tension.
• Inclusion potential
• Reported among people who have
multiple sclerosis and arthritis.
Hap Ki Do
• Way of Coordinated Power
• Self-Defense – punches, kicks,
falling, weapons, situations
• Concept of Free Part
• Five Directions of Response
combined with large movements
• Joint Locks
• Kicks
• Body Movement Drills
• Adaptations:
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Use of partner’s body
Effect of strikes on body position
Use of assistive devices
Use of distance
Kali
• Philippine Stick Fighting Art
• Type of sticks & parts of sticks
• Striking angles
• Footwork – male and female
triangles
• Pressure zones
• Blocks
• Disarms
• Weaponless applications
• Drills – variety
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Use of grip cuff
Foam covered stick
Two-handed techniques
Upper-body movements to avoid
pressure, block, strike
Benefits of Martial Arts
• Physical
• Increased muscle strength &
endurance
• Increased cardiovascular fitness
• Increased flexibility and ROM
• Improved balance – upper and
lower body
• Improved coordination
• Improved kinesthetic awareness
• Decreased chronic pain
Benefits of Martial Arts
• Psychological/Cognitive
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Increased confidence
Improved self-concept (pride)
Increased motivation
Enhanced sense of security
Increased independence
(autonomy)
• Reduction of stress
• Improved memory
• Improved problem solving
Benefits of Martial Arts
• Relationships & Social Skills
• Opportunity to meet new people
• Facilitates the development of
friendships
• Decreases social isolation
• Improves self-awareness
• Enhances respect for others
• Improves ethical decision making
and appropriate behaviors
Suggestions for Application in
Recreation Therapy Services
• Match assessed needs with
appropriate MA activity
• Be knowledgeable of mechanics
and able to demonstrate
• Be fully aware of safety
concerns and how to protect
clients
• Diagnostic contraindications
• Equipment used
• Implement complimentary
fitness program – strength,
endurance, flexibility
Suggestions for Application in
Recreation Therapy Services
• Be prepared to adapt the
technique when necessary
• Use effective sequential
learning approach – discrete
skills, specific feedback &
reflection
• Use video tape to provide
additional feedback
• Provide as part of sport
program
• Identify community program –
help develop if necessary
Martial Arts as a
Recreation Therapy
Intervention
Seminar: Part 2
Basic Techniques of
Hap Ki Do & Kali
Welcome Back!
Basics of Hap Ki Do
• Beginning level techniques of
Hap Ki Do
• Safety concerns
• Protect joints – tapping
• Control of punches, kicks & locks
• Use of mats
• Wrist escapes (milgi & slaps)
• Basic joint locks (1/4 turn, ¾ turn
& arm bars)
• Punch defenses (inside touch,
outside middle, hay-maker)
• Situational defense (2 handed
choke)
Basics of Kali
• Beginning level techniques of
Kali
• Safety concerns
• Control of stick
• Body protection if needed
• Slow movements
• Five angles striking
• Five angles blocking
• Disarm (inside deflection into
snake disarm, outside deflection
into quick strip)
• Coordination drill (HLH slap,
symmetrical drill)
• Weaponless coordination drill