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Linked Data 2: Hvordan [email protected] KoG31 Uke 8, 2013 Raw Data Now! Kongene: Metadata, standarder og data Fra: http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/112144/20110214/obama2012-budget-education-low-income.htm Data er viktig! http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/kud/dok/nouer/2010/no u-2010-14/6.html?id=628640 Data er viktig! Data for mennesker (dokumenter) Data for datamaskiner Linked data – en definisjon "A term used to describe a recommended best practice for exposing, sharing, and connecting pieces of data, information, and knowledge on the Semantic Web using URIs and RDF." Fra: http://linkeddata.org/ URI = Uniform Resource Identifier RDF = Resource Description Framework 2006 Linked Data - hvordan 1. Use URIs as names for things 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF information, using the standards ( , SPARQL) 4. Include links to other URIs. so that they can discover more things. Fra: http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html HTTP URIs = URLs Andre sentrale byggesteiner i tillegg til URIer og RDF • • XML Vokabular Har navn Paul Weller Er en Musiker Har navn The Jam Er en Musikkgruppe Paul Weller Var medlem av The Jam Har navn Woking Er en By Paul Weller Var født i Var medlem av Woking The Jam Har tittel The War of the Worlds Er en Bok Er skrevet av H.G. Wells filmatisert filmatisert Lansert i 2005 Er en Film Skrevet av Lansert i 1953 Er en Film Har navn H.G. Wells Er en Forfatter Har navn Martian tripod Er en Skulptur Paul Weller Var født i Var medlem i Woking Var basert i Ligger i The Jam Martian tripod The War of the Worlds Objekt – Egenskap – Verdi Subjekt – Predikat – Objekt Tripler Subjekt Predikat Objekt Har navn Paul Weller Har navn The Jam Var medlem av Har navn Var født i Woking Vi må entydig identifisere det vi skal beskrive, dvs. subjektet. <http://sws.geonames.org/2633709> Subjekt <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Woking> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Paul_Weller> <http://viaf.org/viaf/97006424> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/H._G._Wells> Predikater må også identifiseres. <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract> Mer lesbar for mennesker når prefikser brukes: <dbpedia-owl:abstract> Vi kan gjøre det samme med subjekter: <dbpedia:Paul_Weller> Predikater <dbpedia-owl:abstract> <gn:countryCode> <dbpprop:dialCode> <dbpprop:population> <geo:long> <dbpprop:shireCounty> <geo:lat> <dbpedia:Woking> <rdf:type> <dbpedia-owl:distanceToLondon> Predikater samles i vokabularer <foaf:name> FOAF (Friend of a friend) innholder predikater som kan brukes for å beskrive personer og organisasjoner. <foaf:img> Dublin Core innholder predikater som kan brukes for å beskrive dokument lignende objekter (DLOer) dc:subject SKOS (Simple Knowledge organisation System) innholder predikater som kan brukes for å beskrive tesauri, klassifikasjonsskjema, emneordslister, osv. skos:broader <foaf:knows> <foaf:homepage> dc:title dc:creator skos:prefLabel skos:altLabel skos:narrower Objekter er enten litteral (tekst, nummer, datoer, …) eller andre subjekter <dbpedia:Woking> <dbpedia:Paul_Weller> <dbpedia:Paul_Weller> <dbpedia:Paul_Weller> <freebase:Paul_Weller> <freebase:Paul_Weller> <dbprop:population> 103932 <foaf:name> Paul Weller <dbpedia-owl:birthPlace> <owl:sameAs> <dbpedia:Woking> <freebase:Paul_Weller> <freebase:person.date_of_birth> <freebase:height_meters> 1958-05-25 1.8 103932 <dbpedia:Woking> <dbprop:population> Paul Weller <dbpedia-owl:birthPlace> <foaf:name> <dbpedia:Paul_Weller> <owl:sameAs> <freebase:Paul_Weller> <freebase:person.date_of_birth> <freebase:height_meters> 1958-05-25 1.8 Linked Open Data "The goal of the W3C SWEO Linking Open Data community project is to extend the Web with a data commons by publishing various open data sets as RDF on the Web and by setting RDF links between data items from different data sources." http://esw.w3.org/topic/SweoIG/TaskForces/CommunityProjects/LinkingOpenData Mars, 2009 September, 2010 http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/c4406045-e640-4cfe-8b884732cce314d4#p009x1xg http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/c4406045-e640-4cfe-8b884732cce314d4#p009x1xg http://dbpedia.org/data/Paul_Weller.rdf ? http://musicbrainz.org/mm-2.1/artistrel/c4406045-e640-4cfe-8b884732cce314d4#p009x1xg ? http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/c4406045-e640-4cfe-8b884732cce314d4.rdf ? Hva med bibliotekdata? http://lod-cloud.net/versions/2011-09-19/lod-cloud_colored.png Mai, 2009 http://libris.kb.se/data/bib/4572831?format=application/rdf%2bxml <http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/9864017> <dc:creator> H. G. Wells <dc:creator> <http://libris.kb.se/resource/auth/101323> <bibo:isbn10> <dc:date> <dc:title> 9100108669 2005 Världarnas krig / H. G. Wells ; översättning av Gertrud Hallvig <rda:placeOfPublication> <http://purl.org/NET/marccodes/countries/sw#location> <libris:frbr_related> <http://libris.kb.se/resource/bib/10457842> <http://libris.kb.se/resource/auth/101323> <owl:sameAs> <http://viaf.org/viaf/97006424/#foaf:Person> <owl:sameAs> <http://dbpedia.org/resource/H._G._Wells> http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85081548.rdf http://dewey.info/class/523/about.no.rdf http://dewey.info/class/523/about.ru.rdf http://bibin.hioa.no/~davm/bokhylla/700.html http://www.bibpode.no/ Oppdatering: http://digital.deichman.no/data-deichman-no/ http://bibin.hioa.no/~davm/onskebok/mobil/start.html "Experiment with Semantic Web and linked data technologies to see what benefits to the bibliographic framework they offer our community and how our current models need to be adjusted to take fuller advantage of these benefits." http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/news/framework-051311.html http://librarylab.law.harvard.edu/dpla/demo/app/ Foto: Lego city http://www.flickr.com/photos/eiriknewth/ Paul Weller http://www.flickr.com/photos/nrk-p3/ The Jam http://www.flickr.com/photos/topsy/ Woking http://www.flickr.com/photos/clocky/ Skulptur http://www.flickr.com/photos/mrasoulov/ H.G. Wells http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Tripler http://www.flickr.com/photos/jacqueline-w/ Kongene http://www.flickr.com/photos/33498942@N04/ TBL http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Atoumium http://www.flickr.com/photos/abhilashravishankar/ Cheerleaders: http://www.flickr.com/photos/youneak/3366254867/