Transcript ADJECTIVES
Numbers, There is / are, Countable nouns / Uncountable nouns NUMBERS CARDINAL NUMBERS 0 = oh, zero 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three 4 = four 5 = five 6 = six 7 = seven 8 = eight 9 = nine 10 = ten 11= eleven 12= twelve 13= thirteen 14= fourteen 15=fifteen 16= sixteen 17= seventeen 18= eighteen 19= nineteen 20= twenty 21= twenty one 30= thirty 40= forty 50= fifty 60= sixty 70= seventy 80= eighty 90= ninety 100= a hundred Be Careful! Two 2 Twelve 12 Twenty 20 Three 3 Thirteen 13 Thirty 30 Four 4 Fourteen 14 Forty 40 Five 5 Fifteen 15 Fifty 50 Examples • • • • • • • • • • 23= twenty three 48= forty eight 99= ninety nine 71= seventy one 65= sixty five 87= eighty seven 34= thirty four 58= fifty eight 29= twenty nine 92= ninety two 54= ……………… 38= ……………… 86= ……………… 95= ……………… 77= ……………… 43= ……………… 69= ……………… 22= ……………… 74= ……………… 89= ……………… I am thirty two years old. Ordinal Numbers 1st= first 2nd= second 3rd= third 4th= fourth 5th= fifth 6th= sixth 7th= seventh 8th= eighth 9th= ninth 10th= tenth 11th= eleventh 12th= twelfth 13th= thirteenth 14th= fourteenth 15th= fifteenth 16th= sixteenth 17th= seventeenth 18th= eighteenth 19th= nineteenth 20th= twentieth 21st= twenty first • My office is on the second floor. My office is on the 2nd floor. • Shakespeare lived in the sixteenth century. Shakespeare lived in the 16th century. • This is my third year in Uşak. This is my 3rd year in Uşak. • We are in the twenty-first century. We are in the 21st century. • Anna is my first daughter. Anna is my 1st daughter. Exercise • How old are you? ………………………….. • How old is your father? ………………………….. • How old is your mother? ...................................... • How old is your sister? ………………………….. • How old is your best friend? …………………………….. 1. The cafe is on the fifth floor. 2. ……………………………. 3. ……………………………. 4. ……………………………. 5. ………………………….... 6. ……………………………. 7. ……………………………. 8. …………………………… 9. …………………………… 10.…………………………… 11.…………………………… There Is There Are (+) There is a man over there. There are apples on the tree. (-) There isn’t a man. There aren’t any apples. THERE IS THERE ARE (?) Is there a man? -Yes, there is. -No, there isn’t. Are there any apples? -Yes, there are. -No, there aren’t. (-, ?) Isn’t there a man? Aren’t there any apples? THERE IS/ THERE ARE • There is ve there are, Türkçe'deki var ifadesinin karşılığıdır. Eğer varlığını bildirdiğimiz şey tekil ise there is, çoğul ise there are kalıbını kullanırız. Bu yapıyı, ayrıca bir şeyin yerini bildirmek için kullanırız. -There is a big tree in the garden. (Bahçede büyük bir ağaç var.) - There is a good programme on TV tonight.(Bu gece televizyonda güzel bir program var.) - Excuse me, is there a good hotel near here? (Afedersiniz, buralarda güzel bir otel var mı?) -There is a vase on the table. (Masanın üzerinde bir vazo vardır.) THERE IS There is a cat in this picture. There is one cat in this picture. THERE ARE There are two cats in this picture. THERE ARE There are 81 cities in Turkey. THERE ARE There are a lot of people in Korea. Complete the sentences using there is, there are, is there or are there 1. …………….. a big tree in the garden. 2. …………….. 11 players in a football team. 3. …………….. any restaurants near here? 4. …………….. a red car outside your house. 5. …………….. seven days in a week. 6. …………….. lions in the zoo. 7. …………….. a computer in your room? 8. …………….. some mice downstairs! 9. …………….. any books about the Ottoman Empire? 10.…………….. any sheep on his farm? • Bu yapıyı olumsuz yapmak için yardımcı fiilden sonra not getirilir. There isn't ve There aren't Türkçe'deki yok ifadesinin karşılığıdır. - There isn't a white book on the table. (Masanın üzerinde beyaz bir kitap yok.) - There isn't a poster on the wall. (Duvarda bir poster yok.) - There is not an apple in the basket. (Sepette bir elma yok.) - There aren't any students in the classroom.(Sınıfta hiç öğrenci yok.) - There aren't any books on the shelf. (Rafta hiç kitap yoktur.) www.ekolayingilizce.com • Bu yapıyı soru şekline çevirmek için yardımcı fiiler (is veya are) cümlenin başına getirilir. - Is there a box on the chair? (Sandalyenin üzerinde bir kutu var mı?) - Is there an apple in the box? (Kutunun içinde bir elma var mı?) - Is there a cat under the table? (Masanın altında bir kedi var mı?) - Are there two books on the table? (Masanın üzerinde iki kitap var mı?) - Are there four boxes on the chair? (Sandalyenin üzerinde dört kutu var mı?) www.ekolayingilizce.com Countable nouns and Uncountable nouns COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS FOOD Butter Meat Bread cheese LIQUIDS Sunflower oil Water Beer Wine UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS GENERAL NOUNS FURNITURE MONEY LUGGAGE UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS ABSTRACTS Happiness News Information Advice Knowledge Time • İngilizce’de bazı sayılamayan isimler karışıklık yaratabilir. fruit homework luggage news chocolate furniture information money pasta hair advice knowledge music traffic meat COUNTABLE NOUNS Sayılarla ifade edilebilen isimler “Countable” yani “Sayılabilen” olarak kabul edilirler. Bananas Apples Eggs Boys • Sayılabilen isimlerin tekilleri 'a','an' tanımlayıcılarından birisini alır ve çoğul olabilir. • Sayılamayan isimler tanımlayıcı almazlar ve çoğul şekilleri yoktur. Some/ any / a lot of gibi miktar ifadeleriyle kullanılırlar. • There is some cheese. • There isn’t any furniture in her house. • Is there any water to drink? • There is a lot of butter in the fridge. www.ekolayingilizce.com COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS • Her zaman tekil There is some money. There isn’t any money. Is there any money? There are some moneys COUNTABLE NOUNS • Tekil yada çoğul There is an egg. There are some eggs. There aren’t any eggs. Are there any eggs? Some, any, a lot of • Some, biraz, birkaç anlamında kullanılmaktadır ve hem sayılabilen, hem de sayılamayan isimlerle birlikte kullanılabilir. Sayılabilen isimlerle birlikte kullanıldığında birkaç, sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığında ise biraz anlamlarına gelir. e.g : There is some sugar in that bowl. (Şu kasede biraz şeker var.) There are some students in the classroom. (Sınıfta birkaç öğrenci var.) There isn’t some sugar in that bowl. There aren’t some students in the classroom. • Any kelimesi hiç anlamında kullanılmaktadır ve hem sayılabilen hem de sayılamayan isimlerle kullanılabilir. Sayılabilen isimlerle kullanıldığında her zaman çoğul, sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığında ise hep tekil olur. Any kelimesi yalnızca olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır. • e.g :There isn’t any flour for the cake. (Kek için hiç un yok.) There aren’t any people in the cafe. (Kafede hiç kimse yok.) Is there any milk in the fridge? (Dolapta hiç süt var mı?) Are there any restaurants near here? (Buralarda hiç restoran var mı?) • Some ve any sayılabilen bir isimden önce kullanıldığında isim her zaman çoğul kullanılmalıdır. - There are some students in the classroom. - There aren’t any biscuits here. - Are there any geese in the pond? - Are there any questions? - I haven’t got any toys. - It’s a small room and there aren’t any windows. - My sister has got some birds in her office. • A lot of hem sayılabilen isimlerle ve hem de sayılamayan isimlerle kullanılır. Sayılabilen isimlerle kullanıldığı zaman isimler daima çoğul olur. Sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığı zaman ise tekil olur. Düz, olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılabilir. e.g : There are a lot of cars in the street. (Caddede pek çok araba var.) The baby has got a lot of toys. (Bebeğin birçok oyuncağı var.) There is a lot of rice at home. (Evde çok pirinç var.) • We use a….. of ….. in order to talk about the quantity of something, especially the uncountables. A bowl of soup a glass of water A bar of chocolate a piece of toast A cup of coffee a litre of water a loaf of bread a slice of cake a kilo of potatoes • You should make these phrases plural as follows: Two bowls of soup two glasses of water Two loaves of bread two bars of chocolate ………………………. ………………………… ………………………. ………………………… ………………………. ………………………… Exercises Write ‘c’ for countable, ‘u’ for uncountable money U Cheese U Bus Apple Tooth Butter Water Car Sugar Boy Grass Information Milk Person Tree Table Road Garden Pen Chair Book Bread Bicycle News Cup Hand Wine Computer Flour House C a /an, some / any 1. There’s ……… interesting news about the football match in today’s newspaper. 2. I want …… food but I haven’t got ……. money. 3. …. onion is …. vegetable. 4. She has got …….. carrots in her shopping bag. 5. Are there …… theatres in this town? 6. There isn’t ….. post office near here. 7. I have got …. exam next week. 8. Have you got …… juice in the fridge? 9. There are …… letters on the floor. 10.I usually have …. egg for breakfast. Exercises •There isn’t …………….milk in the fridge. •There are …………….. people on the streets. •……………. any furniture in the house? •……………. enough chairs for everyone? •…………….. any money in my wallet. References 1. Hutchinson T. (2012) English For Life. Oxford University Press. 2. Davis F. & Rimmer W. (2012) Active Grammar. Cambridge University Press. 3. Ozcan F. (2007) Start Up. Nüans Yayınevi 4. Walker E. & Elsworth S. (2000) New Grammar Practice. Longman Publishing.