Transcript Meem sakinah rules - Gardens of Arabic

Meem sakinah rules
Definitionof Meem Sakinah
Meem Sakinah: is the letter meem ( ‫ ) م‬that is
free from any vowel, and which has a fixed sukoon
when stopping and continuing reading.
Found in: nouns, verbs and particles, in the
middle or end of the word.
For example:
ْ‫عليهَ َم‬
ْ
ْ
‫الحَ َمد‬
ْ
ُ
‫ي‬
َ ‫اإلخفاء الشَفو‬
Its letter is:
ْ
ُ‫ار‬
َ ‫اإلظه‬
‫ي‬
َ ‫الشفو‬
Its letters
are the rest
of the Arabic
‫ب‬
ُ‫ام‬
َ ‫اإلدغ‬
َ‫الشفوي‬
Meem Sakinah rules
Its letter is:
َ‫م‬
ُ‫م‬
‫م‬
ْ
ُ
‫ي‬
َ ‫اإلخفاء الشفو‬
Definition
• The pronunciation of a non-vowled meem,
• stripped of any shaddah,
• in a state between idhahaar and idgham
• with a stretched ghunnah remaining on the
meem.
Its letter is:
‫ب‬
ْ
ُ
‫ي‬
َ ‫اإلخفاء الشفو‬
How to apply it:
When the letter ) ‫( ب‬immediately follows
meem sakinah in between two words hide
this meem at the letter ) ‫( ب‬, with a
stretched ghunnah.
This ghunnah is a characteristic of which
letter?
ْ
ُ
‫ي‬
َ ‫اإلخفاء الشفو‬
Why such a name:
ْ
ُ‫اء‬
َ ‫ – اإلخف‬because the meem is hidden
َ‫ – الشفوي‬because the meem is articulated
from the shiffah (lips).
Shafawee also means oral.
Therefore it is “oral hiding”.
ْ
ُ
‫ي‬
َ ‫اإلخفاء الشفو‬
Examples:
[Surah A-feel : 4 ]
ْ
﴾ َ‫﴿ ترميهَم بَحجارة‬
ْ
ُ
﴾ ٌ ‫﴿ إن رب َهم بَهم يومئذَ لَِر‬
[Surah Al-Adiyaat: 11 ]
How is it in a state between ‫ إظهار‬and
‫? إدغام‬
Al-Ikhfaa Ash-Shafawee
1) What is the difference between Iqlab and
ikhfaa shafawee?
2) What does ikhfaa shafawee mean?
3) Define: Ikhfa shafawee and the meem
sakinah.
4) Give 3 examples of ikhfaa shafawee from the
Quran.
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Definition Small merging of like
letters with ghunnah
Linguistically: Insertion
Applied definition: The meeting of a
saakin letter with a voweled letter so that
the two letters become one emphasized
letter of the second type
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
letters with ghunnah
How it is applied
If a meem saakinah follows immediately a
voweled meem within 1 word or in
between 2 words, then insert the meem
saakinah into the voweled meem which
then acquires a sheddah. Pronounced with
a stretched ghunnah.
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
letters with ghunnah
Its letter is:
‫م‬
Idgham Sagheer
Small merging (like letters)
‫ َم = َّم‬+ ‫م‬
‫ ِم = ِّم‬+ ‫م‬
‫ ُم = م‬+ ‫م‬
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
Examples:
letters with ghunnah
َ
ۡ
َّ
ُ
َ
َ
ُ
Surah ﴾ َ‫من جوع‬
َِ ‫﴿ ٱل ِذي أطعم َهم‬
Quraish: 4
ٓٓ
Surah Al-Baqarah: 1
﴾ ‫﴿ ال َم‬
) ‫( ِألف َلم َِميم‬
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
Why suchletters
a name: with ghunnah
‫ – إدغام‬because the meem saakinah is
merged into voweled meem
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
Why suchletters
a name: with ghunnah
َْ
ْ
‫( ِمثلين‬like letters) – because both letters
are articulated from the same articulation
point and have the same characteristics.
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
Why suchletters
a name: with ghunnah
ً َ
‫( صغيرَا‬small) – because first letter of
idghaam is saakin and the second one is
voweled.
َ‫صغي ًرا ََمع‬
َ ‫إدغام م ْث َل ْين‬
ِ
ُ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ
Small merging of like
Why suchletters
a name: with ghunnah
ُ ََ
َّ‫الغن َة‬
ِ ‫( مع‬with stertched ghunnah) –
indicates a stretched ghunnah is
accompanying the merge.
Idhaar Shafawee
Definition:
Pronouncing every letter from its articulation
point without a ghunnah on the clear letter.
Idhaar Shafawee
Its letter are 26
Excluding Ikhfaa shafawee letter ( ‫) ب‬
And idghaam letter ( ‫) م‬
Idhaar Shafawee
How to apply it:
If one of the 26 letters appear after a meem
saakinah within one word or in between 2
words, the meem is then pronounced clearly .
Idhaar
Shafawee
Examples:
َ ٰ َ ۡ َ َّ ُ ۡ َ ۡ
َ
Surah Fatiha: 1 ﴾ ‫ب ٱلعـ َل ِمين‬
ُِ ُ ‫﴿ ٱل َح َم َد ُ ِلل ِه ر‬
َ
ۡ
ۡ
َ
Surah Al﴾ ‫﴿ ل َك َم ِدين َك َم و ِلي ِد ِين‬
kafiroon: 6
Idhaar
Shafawee
Important note:
‫ف‬
‫و‬
If the letter
or
follows the meem saakinah,
make sure the meem is pronounced clearly and
completely by closing the lips and not saying meem
with ikhfaa, due to proximity of the articulation
points of
‫ م‬to ‫ ف‬and ‫و‬
.
ُ َّ ُ ٰ َ ۡ ُ َ ۡ َ
َ
1) The word in red ‫ق‬
َ ‫ن ِمم خ َِل‬
َ ‫ٱۡلنسـ‬
ِ ‫ فلينظ ِر‬is an example
of small merging true or false?
2) Give two rules of noon saakinah and meem saakinah where
is the rule is only applied in between 2 words.
3) State 2 differences between Iqlaab and ikhfaab shafawee
4) What are the four rules of noon saakinah and tanween?
What does smaal idghaam mean?
ُ َّ ُ ٰ َ ۡ ُ َ ۡ َ
َ
1) The word in red ‫ق‬
َ ‫ن ِمم خ ِل‬
َ ‫ٱۡلنسـ‬
ِ ‫ فلينظ ِر‬is an example of
small merging true or false?
2) Give two rules of noon saakinah and meem saakinah where is
the rule is only applied in between 2 words.
3) State 2 differences between Iqlaab and iqlaab shafawee. (Iqlaab
is to do with noon rules and Iqlaab shafawee is to do with
meem ; shafawee’s must be between 2 words, iqlaab can be
within one word or in between 2 words.
4) What are the four rules of noon saakinah and tanween?
5) State the two cases where a meem is exluded from the
definition of meem saakinah.
6) What does smaal idghaam mean?